Becoming a Teacher Ninth Edition Forrest W. Parkay Chapter 11 Curriculum Standards, Assessment, and Student Learning ISBN: 0132767465 © 2013, 2010, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Becoming a Teacher: Parkay and Stanford

Focus Questions What role will standards play in your classroom? What is standards-based education? What controversies surround the effort to raise standards? What methods can you use to assess student learning? How can you develop high-quality classroom assessments? Becoming At Teacher, 9e, Forrest W. Parkay ISBN: 0132767465 © 2013, 2010, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

What role will standards play in your classroom? Standard – level of knowledge or skill that is necessary to perform a specific task Standards in Education Called: Content standards, goals, expectations, learning results or learning outcomes Statements reflecting what students should know and do within a particular discipline Becoming At Teacher, 9e, Forrest W. Parkay ISBN: 0132767465 © 2013, 2010, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

What is standards-based education? Standards-Based Education (SBE) Basing curricula, teaching and assessment of student learning on rigorous world class standards Based on belief that all students are capable of meeting high standards

What is standards-based education? Common Core State Standards Initiative (CCSSI) Voluntary Not a Federal initiative Aligned with college and work expectations Clear, understandable, and consistent Rigorous content and application through higher-order skills Informed by other top-performing countries Evidenced and research-based

What is standards-based education? Content Standards Content or knowledge and skills students should acquire in various academic disciplines Benchmarks (Indicators) Specific statements of what students should be able to do at specific grade levels or development stages

What is standards-based education? Performance standard Used to assess the degree to which students have attained standards, reflect level of proficiency Performance expectations Level of achievement, quality performance or level of proficiency developed by professional associations

What is standards-based education? Aligning Curricula and Textbooks With Standards and Curriculum Curriculum Alignment Aligning curricula and textbooks with national and state standards Horizontal – Specified grade level alignment of all subjects Vertical – Specified subject alignment of all grades Curriculum Framework Document by state education agency with recommended guidelines, instructional and assessment strategies

What controversies surround the effort to raise standards? Arguments in Support of Raising Standards Achievement improved by defining what is to be taught Necessary for equality of opportunity Valuable coordinating function Supplies accurate information to parents and students Serve an important signaling device to students, parents, teachers, employers and colleges

What controversies surround the effort to raise standards? Concerns About Raising Standards National Curriculum will create an expanded role of government in education Conservative groups wish to undo the educational gains of underrepresented groups Emphasis on testing results in decrease in emphasis on subjects not tested Standards are vague and not linked to valid assessments Standards describe activities Scope and sequence unclear Benchmarks are unrealistic and students rushed Instruction no longer addressing student needs

What controversies surround the effort to raise standards? Questions to help decide if Standards-Based Education (SBE) should be used: Where will we get our standards? Who will set standards? Why types of standards to include? What format to write standards in? What will be the levels of benchmarks? How to assess? How to report student progress? How to hold students accountable?

What controversies surround the effort to raise standards? Standards, Testing and Accountability Teachers and Schools may be ranked by test scores for accountability Scores may determine whether students graduate Funds may be provided for schools scoring high or denied to those scoring low on tests

Becoming a Teacher: Parkay and Stanford

What methods can you use to assess student learning? Assessment process of observing student behavior and drawing inferences about student knowledge and abilities Quantitative Assessment numerical scores to evaluate learning Work Habits disposition necessary for effective thinking, learning, reflecting, independence, managing time, persistence, accuracy and working collaboratively Qualitative Assessment Subjective assessment of student behavior

What methods can you use to assess student learning? Challenges of Assessing Student Learning What students learn may be indeterminate and beyond measurement Purpose of Classroom Assessment Determine if material learned Identify feedback to enhance learning Develop strategies to improving teaching effectiveness Determine if students have reached expected levels http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7_pw8duzGUg

What methods can you use to assess student learning? Purposes of Classroom Assessment Measurement – gathering quantitative data related to knowledge and skill acquired Evaluation – making judgments or assigning value to measurements Formative Evaluation – measuring student skills to make decisions about teaching Summative Evaluation – determining grades at end of semester or year

Becoming a Teacher: Parkay and Stanford

What methods can you use to assess student learning? Standardized Assessments International Assessments International Assessment of Educational Progress (IAEP) Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS) Program for International Student Assessment (PISA)

What methods can you use to assess student learning? Norm Referenced Assessments Students scores are compared to score of others who are similar Norm Group – comparison group of students Allow teachers to rank students by achievement

What methods can you use to assess student learning? Criterion Referenced Assessments Students’ learning is compared with clearly defined criteria or standards Does not indicate “average” Indicate what students know and can do in a specific area

Becoming a Teacher: Parkay and Stanford

What methods can you use to assess student learning? Emerging Trends in Classroom Assessment Alternative Assessment form of assessment that requires construction of meaning instead of memory of facts Authentic Assessment – Student must use higher level thinking skills to perform, create or solve problems Portfolio Assessment – Student’s collection of work showing growth

What methods can you use to assess student learning? Alternative Assessment Peer Assessment – Students assess one another’s work informally Self Assessment – Students assess their own work Performance Based Assessment – Student ability to apply knowledge, skills and work is observed and judged Alternate Assessment – Student with disability is observed to enhance future performance, part of IDEA 97 Project Based Learning – Student teams explore real world problems and present what learned.

Becoming a Teacher: Parkay and Stanford

How can you develop high-quality classroom assessments? Skills needed to assess student learning Choose appropriate assessment methods for attaining objectives Administer, Score and Interpret Results Use results for future planning Develop valid grading procedures Communicate results Recognize inappropriate assessments and result uses

How can you develop high-quality classroom assessments? Validity Does the test measure what it should? Reliability Are the results consistent over time, different times and conditions?

Becoming a Teacher: Parkay and Stanford

How can you develop high-quality classroom assessments? Scoring Rubrics Rating scales of pre-established performance criteria (scoring guides) Holistic Rubric – Used to score whole product or process Analytical Rubric – Used to score separate parts of the product or process

How can you develop high-quality classroom assessments? Multiple Measures of Student Learning Multiple methods of assessment will allow students to develop positive views of themselves and subject if more opportunities for success

Presentation Title runs here l 00/00/00

Becoming a Teacher: Parkay and Stanford

Becoming a Teacher: Parkay and Stanford