2 pt 3 pt 4 pt 5pt 1 pt 2 pt 3 pt 4 pt 5 pt 1 pt 2pt 3 pt 4pt 5 pt 1pt 2pt 3 pt 4 pt 5 pt 1 pt 2 pt 3 pt 4pt 5 pt 1pt MAPS & BIG HISTORY NEOLITHIC REV SUMERIANS (& a map!) EMPIRES & TRADERS POTPOURRI

Mr. Duffy said that this thing was the key to civilization.

What is a food surplus?

This was the dominant form of food production for humans for the vast majority of hominid history.

What was hunting and gathering?

These are the two rivers making up Mesopotamia (label each).

What are the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers?

These were the first hominid to walk upright, all the time; they spread throughout the Eurasian continent about 300,000 years ago.

Who were homo erectus?

This is where the Hittites came from (name & label proper area).

What is Anatolia (Turkey)?

These are three general forms of food acquisition strategies used by ancient man.

What were hunting gathering, herding, and farming?

These are the three kinds of agriculture we discussed in class.

What is dry farming, slash and burn, and irrigation?

These are three implications of farming.

What are settling down in one place, larger families, and the formation of communities?

Agriculture emerged in these three areas of the world, at roughly the same time.

What are SW Asia (Middle East), China, & the Americas?

These are the five characteristics of civilization.

What are advanced cities, specialized workers, complex institutions, record keeping, and advanced technology?

The translation of this name means “Land Between Two Rivers.”

What is Mesopotamia?

Sumerians lived in these politically independent, economically dependent, militarily competitive locations.

What were city states?

The Sumerians were ______, worshipping many gods and goddesses.

What is polytheistic?

This is the area of the Fertile Crescent (outline / circle the region).

What is this area?

These are three challenges to Mesopotamian settlers, AND the solutions for each challenge.

What are river flooding (irrigation / flood control), lack of natural defenses (city walls) and lack of natural resources (trade)?

The Hittites were the first to introduce this to SW Asia, giving them a huge military advantage – until everyone else adopted it within a generation.

What was iron?

Hammurabi was king of this culture, which he ruled after conquering northern Mesopotamia in 1792 BC.

Who were the Babylonians?

The Phoenicians are remembered today for three technological innovations; name two of them.

What are (1) shipbuilding, (2) alphabet or (3) purple dye making?

This is (1) the definition of an empire and (2) the difference between a citizen and subject.

What is (1) bringing together several peoples or nations under one rule and (2) citizens have more rights than subjects?

The Hittites were racially different than the people they conquered in SW Asia in this way.

What is being Indo- European (or non-Aramaic / non-Semitic)?

These are the two rivers between which the Sumerian civilization arose, named from west to east (or left to right).

What are the Euphrates and Tigris rivers?

This was the name for Sumerian temples, considered the home of the gods in the city.

What were ziggurats?

This concept explains how everything from technology to new ideas passes between different groups.

What is cultural diffusion?

This is why primary and secondary sources are different from each other, and an example of each kind of source.

What are (1) primary sources were written during the time period being studied, while secondary sources were written after the period and (2) PS = letters, newspaper, etc & 2 nd source are articles or encyclopedia entries?

These are (1) two areas of major Phoenician colonization (circle), and (2) the reason for their colonization in these areas.

What is (1) as marked and (2) because the Eastern Med. were already inhabited?