Beginning of the Year Warm Up Chemistry II Beginning of the Year Warm Up

Let's see what the sun baked out this summer!

Easy Ones! What is the chart thing on the wall? Answer: Periodic Table Bonus: How is it arranged? Answer: By atomic number / by number of protons

Tell me what else you know about this thing ...

Other things to know: Polyatomic Ions Naming Compounds Writing Compound Formulas Identifying Charges on Ions Any of these SCARE you???

Where to Start?? Our first topic is bonding… so you should remember the following items from Pre-AP or Chemistry I. If these first five slides made you sick, you are either going to have to study/review/ask for help/wake up your brain, or reconsider your schedule.

Periodic Trends What do you remember about Periodic trends? Did you get it all?

Periodic Trends Definition: a pattern of behavior on the periodic table Defined for a group Defined for a period Some Examples: Atomic Size: Electronegativity: Ionization Energy:

Periodic Trends Continued… Atomic Size- atomic radius increases down a group, decreases L-R across a period Electronegativity- Ability of an atom to attract shared electrons "greed“ Decreases down a group, Increases L-R across a period Ionization Energy- Energy needed to remove electrons from the atom

Next Topic: Valence Electrons What do you remember about Valence Electrons? Did you get it all?

Valence Electrons Outermost Electron(s) Control chemical activity Can be shared Can be transferred Loss of electrons = positive ion Gain of electrons = negative ion Involved in bonding (sharing, transfer)

Atomic Models What do you remember about atomic models? Did you get it all?

Atomic Models JJ Thomson “Plum Pudding Model” Rutherford “Gold Foil Experiment” Bohr “orbits, only worked for H”

Atomic Models continued Current Model- Wave Mechanical Model Mathematical representation Orbital- area of probability- expect to find electrons s/p/d/f sublevels Electron configurations represent mathematical description

Electron Configurations What do you remember about Electron Configurations? Did you get it all?

Electron Configurations Description of electron arrangement wave mechanical model quantum mechanical model Orbital- probability zone Pauli Exclusion Principle: no two electrons can have the same set of four quantum numbers Quantum Numbers Principle Energy Level Sublevel- s, p, d, f Orbital Spin

Anatomy of a Standard Electron Configuration Number of electrons in the sublevel 1s2 Sublevel: Tells shape of orbital Indicates how many electrons may be held Principle Energy Level: Tells distance from nucleus Relative amount of energy Number of sublevels in the P.E.L. s - 2 electrons max. p- 6 electrons max. d- 10 electrons max. f- 14 electrons max.

Abbreviated Configurations Start with the previous noble gas in brackets [He] 2s2 2p4 Continue with electron configuration from noble gas on Previous noble gas symbol placed in brackets

Orbital Diagrams Show the fourth quantum number- spin 1s 2s 2p

Practice Electron Configurations Magnesium- atomic #12 Standard configuration Abbreviated configuration Orbital diagram

You should remember what you learned in Chemistry I or Pre AP ! If you do not, the items you will need most right now are: recognize polyatomic ions (names, formulas and charges) write formulas for compounds, write names for formulas describe basic workings/organization of periodic table

Later you will need: describe parts of a chemical equation : reactant, product, coefficients describe basic parts of a solution: solvent, solute, concentration (molarity) describe acids and bases

Assignment Electron Configuration Practice Worksheet Answer Key Page 1