Data Communication and the Cloud Chapter 6

6-2 GearUp: “No, I Mean 25 Cents an Hour.” GearUp’s Web hosting costs rising rapidly Lucas suggests provisioning Web servers and databases in the cloud Provision server resources by the hour Costs: $50/mo plus 25¢ per hour for processing time used Could yield huge savings Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-3 Study Questions Q1: What is a computer network? Q2: What are the components of a LAN? Q3: What are the fundamental concepts you should know about the Internet? Q4: What processing occurs on a typical Web server? Q5: Why is the cloud the future for most organizations? Q6: How can organizations use the cloud? Q7: 2023? Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-4 Q1: What Is a Computer Network? Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-5 Q2: What Are the Components of a LAN? Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall SOHO LAN

6-6 LAN Protocol IEEE –Wired LAN –10/100/1000 Mbps – EthernetEthernet Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall IEEE –Wireless LAN –802.11n –Up to 600 Mbps –Bluetooth

6-7 Summary of LAN and WAN Networks Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-8 Group Task In your groups: Describe pictorially your home network –Wireless –Wired –Internet connection –Printers –Switches – Access Points

6-9 Connecting to an ISP Important ISP functions: 1.Provide a legitimate Internet address 2.Gateway to the Internet 3.Pay for the Internet by collecting money from customers and paying access fees and other charges to telecom Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-10 Q3: What Are the Fundamental Concepts You Should Know About the Internet? Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-11 TCP/IP Protocol Architecture Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-12 Application Layer Protocols Hypertext Transport Protocol (HTTP) HTTPS – Secure HTTP data transmission Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP ) File Transfer Protocol (FTP) Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-13 TCP and IP Protocols Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) –Breaks traffic up into packets and sends each one along its way IP (Internet Protocol) Routers Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-14 IP Addressing Public IP Addresses Identify a particular device on public Internet Public IP addresses must be unique, worldwide Assignment controlled by ICANN (Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers) Private IP Addresses Identify a particular device on a private network Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-15 IP Addressing (cont'd) Major benefits Public IP: All devices on LAN share a public IP address Private IP: Need not register computer with ICANN-approved agencies Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-16 Functions of the LAN Device Switch processing: IEEE wired LAN traffic Access-point processing: IEEE wireless LAN traffic Translating between IEEE and IEEE Converting between Analog and Digital Assigning private IP addresses Converting IP address between private and public IP addresses Routing packets, and more … Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-17 WAN Wireless connections Available from Verizon, Sprint, others What types of networks and connections are being used in a Nike Sensor?

6-18 Public IP Addresses and Domain Names IPv4 –Four decimal dotted notation like Domain name –Worldwide-unique name affiliated with a public IP address –Affiliation of domain names with IP addresses is dynamic URL (Uniform Resource Locator) Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-19 IP Address Number that identifies a specific device Public IP addresses governed by ICANN Private IP addresses controlled within the LAN Why are there Private IP addresses?

6-20 Domain Registrar Company Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-21 Remote Access Using VPN Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-22 Ethics Guide: Is It Spying or Just Good Management? 92% of employers monitor employees’ , telephone and Internet use. (2003) Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Techniques used –Key loggers –Log files –Packet sniffers –Video surveillance cameras –Audio recorders –Office spies –Text mining Employees at will

6-23 Q4: What Processing Occurs on a Typical Web Server? Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-24 Sample of Commerce Server Pages; Product Offer Pages Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-25 Watch the Three Tiers in Action! Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-26 Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-27 Q5: Why Is the Cloud the Future for Most Organizations? What is the Cloud? –Elastic leasing of pooled computer resources over the Internet Elastic –Dynamically increasing/decreasing of leased resources in short time span, and only pay for resources used Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-28 Apple Data Center in Maiden, NC Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-29 Why Is the Cloud Preferred to In-House Hosting? Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-30 Why Is the Cloud Preferred to In-House Hosting? (cont’d) Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-31 Why Now? Technology now supports construction and use of enormous data centers Processors, data communication, and data storage are so cheap as to be nearly free. Huge Web farms providing a virtual machine for essentially nothing (1.5¢ per hour). Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-32 When Does the Cloud Not Make Sense? Law or industry standard practices require physical control over the data Private cloud –In-house hosting, delivered via Web service standards Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-33 Q6: How Can Organizations Use the Cloud? Three Fundamental Cloud Types Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-34 Q7: 2023? Cloud computing benefit –Individuals on iCloud –Small groups using Office 365 –Startups Using PaaS –Huge organizations using IaaS New categories of products and services Create new jobs? Tele-action –Telediagnosis, telesurgery, telelaw enforcement Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-35 Ethics Guide: You Said What? About Me??? In Class??? Packet analyzer. a.k.a. packet sniffer Read, record, and display all wireless packets around them Pickup instant messages, most , and any Web traffic Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-36 What Can You Do? Use Packet sniffer will know where you went, but won’t obtain data about what you did there. Do not use your computer or mobile device for any unauthorized purpose in class. Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-37 Guide: Thinking Exponentially Is Not Possible, But… Humans think linearly, not exponentially No one in 1990s could imagine growth in magnetic storage and what we would do with it. Exponential growth in: Number of Internet connections Web pages Amount of data accessible on Internet Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-38 Linear vs. Exponential Growth Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-39 Guide: Thinking Exponentially Is Not Possible, But…(cont’d) What can we do to better anticipate? People want to do what they’re already doing. Hedging your bets –Position yourself to move quickly as direction becomes clear. Risk: Error increases exponentially as time frame increases. Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-40 Active Review Q1: What is a computer network? Q2: What are the components of a LAN? Q3: What are the fundamental concepts you should know about the Internet? Q4: What processing occurs on a typical Web server? Q5: Why is the cloud the future for most organizations? Q6: How can organizations use the cloud? Q7: 2023? Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-41 Case Study 6: Turbulent Air in Those Azure Clouds Microsoft must find a profitable way to put a big part of its business out of business If Azure successful, Office 365 will replace Windows Server and SQL Server, which is 24% of current revenue Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

6-42 Azure Standard Rates Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

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