P H S A U T O M I V E ALS Lubrication

What is Friction Friction - resistance to movement between two objects P H S A U T O M I V E ALS Friction - resistance to movement between two objects amount of friction depends on the following, material, surface finish, amount of pressure holding the two together, how fast they move

What is Friction friction generates heat P H S A U T O M I V E ALS friction generates heat dry friction - both parts clean and free of other materials wet friction - parts have another material placed between them such as oil

Bearing construction P H S A U T O M I V E ALS friction - sliding friction - two smooth surfaces sliding against each other half speed bearing - turbos anti friction - rolling friction - uses balls or rollers or small needles between the moving parts

Bearing construction P H S A U T O M I V E ALS ball roller needle

4 Jobs of Oil Cleans - Cools - Seals - Lubricates - P H S A U T O M I V E ALS Cleans - Cools - Seals - Lubricates -

Bearing Clearance P H S A U T O M I V E ALS Oil is pumped to the bearing and separates the parts. It allows the parts to turn without touching each other. When parts touch they will be destroyed. bearing clearance average about .002

How to lubricate a engine P H S A U T O M I V E ALS engines lubricated three ways for a 4-stroke engine Full pressure Splash Combination - splash and pressure - most common in automotive applications

Full pressure P H S A U T O M I V E ALS bearings are oiled by pumping oil to the bearings, sometimes the oil is dripped on or is squirted on to parts

Splash P H S A U T O M I V E ALS use of dippers on connecting rods to splash oil around (one cylinder engines) or dripping oil on the engine parts

Combination both systems used - splash and pressure - V E ALS both systems used - splash and pressure - other methods two cycles mix gas and oil could be premix or a oil injection system

Oil galleries and lines P H S A U T O M I V E ALS Oil gallery - oil supply line in engine oil is carried through the engine by these lines some rods are drilled full lengths some have squirt holes

Oil filters P H S A U T O M I V E ALS

Oil filters most common materials paper and cotton waste H S A U T O M I V E ALS most common materials paper and cotton waste canister - old style spin on

Filtering Systems two types of filtering systems H S A U T O M I V E ALS two types of filtering systems full flow, all oil is filtered before going to bearings, filter has relief valve in case of plugged filter bypass filter, part of oil is being filter at all times but not before it is going to the bearings

Oil pumps gear, rotary, vane and plunger most common automotive engine H S A U T O M I V E ALS gear, rotary, vane and plunger most common automotive engine gear and rotary

Gear P H S A U T O M I V E ALS two gears mesh together forcing oil out

Rotary inner rotor and outer rotor 4 points fit inside 5 points P H S M I V E ALS inner rotor and outer rotor 4 points fit inside 5 points

Vane P H S A U T O M I V E ALS used as pump in some automatic transmissions(this one, a vane pump out of a air wrench)

Plunger P H S A U T O M I V E ALS used a lot in one cylinder engines

Pick up tube and screen P H S A U T O M I V E ALS

Pressure Relief Valve P H S A U T O M I V E ALS when oil pump develops too much pressure the Pressure Relief valve will open and allows to return to sump by changing spring tension pressure can be raised or lowered

Oil sludge P H S A U T O M I V E ALS Black thick Goo mixture of water oil dirt usually formed in engines never reaching operating temperature - thermostat taken out or to many short trips formation of a white sludge - caused by, cold weather, short trips, too much water

Varnish or lacquer P H S A U T O M I V E ALS usually known as engine varnish is formed from an engine running at hot temperature for extended periods - the heat causes the oil to break down and a varnish is created on valve covers and other parts to avoid varnish deposits use good clean oil and change regularly Light brown coating is Varnish

Additives in oil detergent - prevent sludge and varnish deposits M I V E ALS detergent - prevent sludge and varnish deposits foam inhibitors - prevent oil from foaming oxidation inhibitors - prevent oil oxidation at high speed

Additives in oil corrosion rust inhibitors - helps prevent these M I V E ALS corrosion rust inhibitors - helps prevent these anti wear additives - coat metal surfaces with a strong slippery film moly graphite

crankcase ventilation P H S A U T O M I V E ALS draft tube positive crankcase ventilation

open - draft tube P H S A U T O M I V E ALS Older engines use a draft tube to vent the crankcase. It is just a vent with a filter in it. Uses a Breather cap to allow air in.

PCV - positive crankcase H S A U T O M I V E ALS open - breather cap closed goes from air cleaner to valve cover

wet and dry sump systems H S A U T O M I V E ALS

windage tray P H S A U T O M I V E ALS Bolt to bottom of engine prevent oil from foaming due to crankshaft rotation.

Oil viscosity P H S A U T O M I V E ALS thickness or fluidity of the oil, oil's ability to resist flow classified as a number such as 10,20,30,40 multi grade or multi viscosity 5w-30, 10w-30

service ratings go through handout P H S A U T O M I V E ALS Go to this web site and read the classifications http://www.lubrizol.com/ReadyReference/6-OilClasses/Sclass.htm

how often should oil be changed,filter? P H S A U T O M I V E ALS 1,000 - 7,500 average About every 3,000 - 4,000 miles recommended depends on length of operation, temperature of air and car. Condition of all filters - air, oil gas -, PCV valve, driving conditions, paved roads, and dust or dirt in the air.

what kind of oil should I buy ??? P H S A U T O M I V E ALS

What kind of filter should I buy ???? P H S A U T O M I V E ALS Some companies spent a lot of money on advertising and very little on filters, some just build good filters. Your choose, cut some apart and look for yourself.

The End P H S A U T O M I V E ALS What’s wrong