NETWORK ADAPTERS AND CABLING

OBJECTIVES  Identify a network interface card  Link the network interface card and the PC  Configure the network card  Identify network cable types  Identify standard network interfaces..

Network Interface Card to expansion slot in PC T-connector Cable NETWORK ADAPTER Also called a network interface card or NIC

NETWORK ADAPTER Networking Basic Hardware Required to move the serial signals on the network cables, or media, into the parallel data stream inside the PC Fits into an expansion interface slot

NETWORK ADAPTER Linking the Adapter to the PC Modern network adapters use one of 4 techniques to move data between the adapter board and the PC:  Programmed I/O  Direct Memory Access (DMA)  Shared Memory  Bus Mastering

CABLES Types of Cable Coaxial Cable Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) Fibre Optic Cable

CABLES - Coaxial Like TV cable in your house Usually copper wire core with plastic coating and a metal braid around it THIN –RG/58 - used in most modern coax installs THICK –RG/11 - used in older coax installs –Not practical in modern environment –AKA Frozen Garden Hose

CABLES Coaxial Copper Wire Conductor Inner Insulation Layer Braided or Foil Conductor Outer Insulation Layer

CABLES Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) Looks like common telephone wire Uses an RJ 45 connector Probably the most common cabling used today in new installs Made up of pairs of coated wires (twisted to reduce noise and interference) inside a thin jacket

Level Maximum Use Data Rate 1 0 MBPSLow quality - use only for telephone applications 2 5 MBPSUse only for telephone applications 3 16 MBPSUse for 4 MBPS Token Ring or 10Base-T Ethernet 4 20 MBPSUse for 16 MBPS Token Ring or 10Base-T Ethernet MBPSUse for Token Ring, 10BaseT and all new 100 MBPS LANs CABLES UTP Categories

Copper Wire Conductors (in pairs) Foil Insulation (if shielded) Outer Insulation Layer CABLES Twisted Pair

CABLES Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) Heavy twisted pair wiring Used in some older IBM Token Ring Installations Not used much anymore

CABLES Fibre Optic Cable High speed optical cable containing two glass pipes for digital transmission Uses a light source instead of electricity as a means of signaling Used in very high speed communications (data or phone)

CABLES Fibre-Optic

Loose-Tube Cable Outer Jacket Steel Tape Armor Inner Jacket Aramid Strength Member Binder Interstitial Filling Central Member (Steel Wire or Dielectric) Gel Filled Buffer Tube Coated Fibre

WIRING CENTRES Concentrators or Hubs  Wires are physically arranged in star topology  Can combine fibre optic, 10BaseT and Token Ring cabling  Usually located in the building’s wiring closet

WIRING CENTRES Advantages  The hub isolates the runs of network cabling from each other  Wiring is easier to install than in a bus topology  Fewer wires run to each network node  Easier to move PCs and change connections

File Server Workstation Concentrator HUBS

WIRING CENTRES Patch Panels Wiring Layout [HUB] [PANEL]+==========+[WALL] [STATION] Where... HUB = concentrator PANEL = RJ-45 Modular Patch Panel WALL = User area wall face plate STATION = User workstation network adapter with RJ-45 connector =====> = RJ-45 connector

BNC T-Connector Repeater BNC Barrel Connector Wall Plug Grounded BNC Terminator BNC Terminator Maximum Length: 607 ft LAN STANDARDS Thin Ethernet Network Workstation

10BASE-T NETWORK Hub Workstation File Server Printer

REFERENCES ethernet/ethernet-home.html htm