Module 7: Configuring TCP/IP Addressing and Name Resolution

Overview Configuring IP Addresses Configuring Windows Firewall Troubleshooting IP Addresses Determining TCP/IP Name Resolution Methods Configuring a DNS Client and a WINS Client Connecting to a Remote Host

Lesson: Configuring IP Addresses Assigning Static IP Addresses Overview of Dynamic Address Assignment Using DHCP to Automate IP Address Assignments Enabling an Alternate IP Configuration

Assigning Static IP Addresses Client with Static Addressing Specifies

Overview of Dynamic Address Assignment Yes Assign IP address Assign IP address Assign alternate IP address Assign alternate IP address Yes No Automatic Private IP address generates IP address No Is alternate IP configured? Dynamic address Alternate static address Automatic private IP Address Client with Dynamic Addressing Is DHCP available? Is DHCP available? Request for IP address DHCP Server

Using DHCP to Automate IP Address Assignments

Enabling Alternate IP Configuration Alternate IP configuration: Specifies an alternate IP address if DHCP is unavailable Provides alternate configuration options Automatic private IP address User configured Specifies an alternate IP address if DHCP is unavailable Provides alternate configuration options Automatic private IP address User configured

Lab A: Configuring IP Addresses for Windows XP Professional Exercise 1: Configuring Windows XP Professional to Use Static TCP/IP Addressing Exercise 2: Configuring Windows XP Professional to Use DHCP for IP Address Assignment Exercise 3: Configuring Windows XP Professional to Use an Alternate TCP/IP Configuration

Lesson: Configuring Windows Firewall Using Global Configuration Using Group Policy Support Using On with No Exceptions Operational Mode Using Static Port Openings Configuring Basic ICMP Options Logging Dropped Packets and Successful Connections

Using Global Configuration Applies all new configurations and configuration changes to all network connections Configuration can still be performed on a per-interface basis

Using Group Policy Support With Windows XP Service Pack 2, every configuration option can be set through Group Policy New configuration options:  Operational mode (On, On with no exceptions, Off)  Allowed Programs on the exceptions list  Opened static ports  ICMP settings  Enable RPC and DCOM  Enable File and Printer Sharing

Using On with No Exceptions Operational Mode Keeps Windows Firewall enabled while only solicited traffic is allowed Blocks all unsolicited requests to connect to your computer Blocks unsolicited requests to share files or printers, and discovery of network devices To turn on with no exceptions: Open Windows Firewall 1 1 Select Don't allow exceptions check box, and then click OK 3 3 On the General tab, click On 2 2

Using Static Port Openings In Windows XP Service Pack 2:  Ports are configured to receive only network traffic that has a source address  When file sharing ports are opened, the local subnet restriction is applied by default Recommendation:  Apply local subnet restriction to static ports that are communicating on a local network

Configuring Basic ICMP Options Enable ICMP options when needed; disable after troubleshooting ICMP options are disabled by default To enable ICMP: Open Windows Firewall 1 1 In the ICMP dialog box, select check box beside each type of ICMP message to be enabled 3 3 On the Advanced tab, under ICMP, click Settings 2 2 To create an ICMP exception: Open Windows Firewall 1 1 In Network Connection Settings section, select the connection that will have an exception, and then click Settings 3 3 In the Windows Firewall dialog box, click Advanced tab 2 2 In the Advanced Settings dialog box, click ICMP tab 4 4

To enable security logging: To locate and open log file: Logging Dropped Packets and Successful Connections Windows Firewall can keep a security log of dropped packets and successful connections Open Windows Firewall Click OK to close the Log Settings dialog box In the Windows Firewall dialog box, click Advanced tab. Open the Log Settings dialog box Open Windows Firewall In the Log Settings dialog box, under Log File Options section, click Save As In the Windows Firewall dialog box, click Advanced tab. Open Log Settings dialog box In the Browse dialog box, right-click the pfirewall.txt file and then choose Open

Lab B: Configuring Windows Firewall for Windows XP Professional Exercise: Configuring Windows Firewall

Lesson: Troubleshooting IP Addresses Using TCP/IP Troubleshooting Utilities Using ipconfig to Troubleshoot IP Addressing Using Repair to Troubleshoot IP Problems Using ping to Troubleshoot IP Addressing

Using TCP/IP Troubleshooting Utilities Common TCP/IP diagnostic utilities include the following:  arp  hostname  ipconfig  ping  pathping  tracert

Additional commands: Using ipconfig to Troubleshoot IP Addressing The command prompt ipconfig is used to: View TCP/IP information Verify the TCP/IP configuration options on a host View TCP/IP information Verify the TCP/IP configuration options on a host ipconfig /release ipconfig /renew ipconfig /release ipconfig /renew

Using Repair to Troubleshoot IP Problems Repair attempts to refresh stored data related to connections, and to renew registration Used to:  Release DHCP address  Flush ARP  Flush NetBIOS and DNS local caches To repair a LAN or high-speed Internet connection: Open Network Connections 1 1 If your connection does not work after you click Repair this connection, try additional steps 3 3 Under LAN or High-Speed Internet, click connection to be repaired, and then, under Network Tasks, click Repair this connection 2 2

Using ping to Troubleshoot IP Addressing Testing IP Configuration: Ping (loopback address) 1 1 Ping IP address of the default gateway 3 3 Ping IP address of the remote host 4 4 Ping IP address of the computer 2 2

Lab C: Troubleshooting IP Addresses for Windows XP Professional Exercise 1: Troubleshooting IP Addresses by Using ipconfig Exercise 2: Troubleshooting IP Addresses by Using Repair

Lesson: Determining TCP/IP Name Resolution Methods Types of Names Mapping Names: Dynamic or Static Tables Dynamic IP Mapping Static IP Mapping Selecting a Name Resolution Method The Host Name Resolution Process The NetBIOS Name Resolution Process

Types of Names Host name: Assigned to a computer’s IP address Up to 255 characters long Can contain alphabetic and numeric characters, hyphens, and periods Together with domain name, this creates a fully qualified domain name Assigned to a computer’s IP address Up to 255 characters long Can contain alphabetic and numeric characters, hyphens, and periods Together with domain name, this creates a fully qualified domain name NetBIOS name: A 16-byte address 15 of the bytes may be used for the name which may include alphabetic and numeric characters, hyphens, and periods The 16th byte is used by the services that a computer offers to the network A 16-byte address 15 of the bytes may be used for the name which may include alphabetic and numeric characters, hyphens, and periods The 16th byte is used by the services that a computer offers to the network

Static tables Dynamic tables Mapping Names: Dynamic or Static Tables Host name to IPNetBIOS name to IP DNS server WINS server HOSTS file LMHOSTS file

Dynamic IP Mapping DNS Server: A system for naming computers and network services Is a naming system organized in a hierarchical fashion Maps domain names to IP address Stores mapping records Is assigned to a computer’s IP address A system for naming computers and network services Is a naming system organized in a hierarchical fashion Maps domain names to IP address Stores mapping records Is assigned to a computer’s IP address WINS Server: Provides a distributed database for registering dynamic mappings of NetBIOS names Maps NetBIOS names to IP addresses Provides a distributed database for registering dynamic mappings of NetBIOS names Maps NetBIOS names to IP addresses

Static IP Mapping DNS server Provides name resolution for host name to IP address Allows multiple host names to be assigned to the same IP address Provides name resolution for host name to IP address Allows multiple host names to be assigned to the same IP address WINS Server Provides a distributed database for registering dynamic mappings of NetBIOS names Maps NetBIOS names to IP addresses Provides a distributed database for registering dynamic mappings of NetBIOS names Maps NetBIOS names to IP addresses HOSTS file LMHOSTS file

Selecting a Name Resolution Method DNS is required when: Client is a member of the Active Directory domain Client needs to communicate over the Internet Client is a member of the Active Directory domain Client needs to communicate over the Internet WINS is required when: Client is a member of a Windows NT 4.0 or earlier domain Client applications or services require NetBIOS name resolution Client is a member of a Windows NT 4.0 or earlier domain Client applications or services require NetBIOS name resolution DNS Server WINS Server

Host Name Resolution Process WINS server LMHOSTS file Broadcast DNS server HOSTS file DNS cache Local host name NetBIOS name cache 6 6 A Enter command 1 1

WINS server 3 3 NetBIOS name cache A Enter command 1 1 The NetBIOS Name Resolution Process HOSTS file 6 6 DNS server 7 7 LMHOSTS file Broadcast

Lesson: Configuring a DNS and WINS Client Specifying Host Names, Domain Names, and Connection-Specific Names Configuring a DNS Client Specifying Additional DNS Servers Configuring DNS Query Settings Configuring DHCP to Dynamically Update DNS Troubleshooting DNS Name Resolution Configuring a WINS Client

Specifying Host Names, Domain Names, and Connection-Specific Names

Configuring a DNS Client

Specifying Additional DNS Servers

Configuring DNS Query Settings

Configuring DHCP to Dynamically Update DNS DNS Server DHCP Server Client registered DHCP registered Computer1 (Static or Dynamic) Request for IP address Assign IP address of Client dynamic update 3 3 DNS database Computer DHCP dynamic update 3 3

Troubleshooting DNS Name Resolution Use nslookup command 1 1 Change the host name resolution configuration 2 2

Configuring a WINS Client DHCP clients DHCP server Manual configuration Automatic configuration

Lab D: Configuring the DNS Client for Windows XP Professional Exercise 1:Configuring a Computer to Use DNS Exercise 2: Configuring an Alternate DNS Server Address

Lesson: Connecting to a Remote Host Working with FTP Working with Telnet Using Telnet Clients

Working with FTP Windows XP Professional provides various client FTP interfaces along with the tools for hosting FTP sites by using IIS Windows Explorer graphical client Windows Explorer graphical client Command- line client

Working with Telnet Issuing UNIX commands UNIX server Telnet server Windows XP Professional Telnet client Telnet client: Issuing Telnet commands Windows XP Professional Telnet server UNIX workstation Telnet client Telnet server:

Using Telnet Clients Telnet HyperTerminal