Regulations / Definitions Hazardous Materials Incident Involves a substance that poses an unreasonable risk to; People The environment Property

Regulations / Definitions Hazardous Materials Incident May involve a substance Product or chemical Has been released from a container Is on fire May be the result of Accidental spill Deliberate attack Terrorist attack

Regulations / Definitions First Responder Roles Responders must meet specific training standards OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) 29 CFR 1910.120 HAZWOPER Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Title 40 CFR311, Worker Protection

Regulations / Definitions First Responder Roles Responders must meet specific training standards NFPA 471, Recommended Practice for Responding to Hazardous Materials Incidents NFPA 472, Standard for Professional Competence of Responders to Hazardous Materials Incidents NFPA 473, Standard for Competencies for EMS Personnel Responding to Hazardous Materials Incidents

Regulations / Definitions Awareness Level May be the first to arrive at a hazardous materials incident Must know basic hazards and response information Must be able to analyze the incident to determine Presence of hazardous materials Notification process

Regulations / Definitions Awareness Level OSHA and NFPA requirements Individuals trained to awareness level are expected to assume the following responsibilities Recognize the presence or potential presence of a hazardous material Recognize the type of container at a site and identify the material in it if possible Transmit information to an appropriate authority and call for appropriate assistance Identify actions to protect themselves and others from hazards Establish scene control by isolating/deny entry

Regulations / Definitions Operations Level Individuals who respond to releases (or potential releases) of hazardous materials as part of their normal duties Expected to protect individuals, the environment and property from the effects of the release Using a defensive manner Confine the release from a safe distance

Regulations / Definitions Operations Level OSHA and NFPA requirements Individuals trained to operations level are expected to assume the following responsibilities Awareness level responsibilities Identify the hazardous material(s) involved in an incident if possible Analyze an incident to determine the nature and extent of problem Protect themselves, nearby persons, the environment, and property from the effects of a release

Regulations / Definitions Operations Level OSHA and NFPA requirements Individuals trained to operations level are expected to assume the following responsibilities Develop a defensive plan of action to address the problems presented by the incident (plan a response) Implement the planned response to control a release from a safe distance Initiate defensive actions to lessen the harmful incident and keep it from spreading Mitigation Evaluate the progress of the actions taken to ensure that response objectives are safely met

Regulations / Definitions Operations Level Exceptions to the rule Offensive tasks allowed for operations level responders Must have appropriate training Must show / demonstrate competency Appropriate PPE Adequate / appropriate resources Sometimes referred to as Operations Plus level of training

Regulations / Definitions Operations Level Exceptions to the rule Offensive operations involving flammable liquid and gas fire control of the following materials: Gasoline Diesel fuel Natural gas Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)

Regulations / Definitions Regulations and Definitions In the U.S., the four main agencies involved in the regulation of hazardous materials and / or wastes at the federal level are Department of Transportation (DOT) Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Department of Labor (DOL) Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC)

Regulations / Definitions Regulations and Definitions Department of Transportation (DOT) Title 49 (Transportation) CFR Sometimes referred to as Hazardous Materials Regulations or HMR Address the transportation of hazardous materials in all modes: Air Highway Pipeline Rail Water

Regulations / Definitions Regulations and Definitions Department of Transportation (DOT) Hazardous materials regulations purpose Provide adequate protection against the risks to life, property and the environment inherent in transporting hazardous materials

Regulations / Definitions Regulations and Definitions Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Responsible for researching and setting national standards for a variety of environmental programs It delegates the responsibility for issuing permits, monitoring and enforcing compliance to states and tribes

Regulations / Definitions Regulations and Definitions Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA) Superfund Act Enacted by congress on December 11, 1980 Created a tax on chemical and petroleum industries Provided broad federal authority to respond directly to releases or threatened releases that endanger public health or environment

Regulations / Definitions Regulations and Definitions Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA) Superfund Act $1.6 billion dollars was collected over 5 years Tax went to a trust fund and used for Cleaning up abandoned or uncontrolled hazardous waste sites

Regulations / Definitions Regulations and Definitions Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA) Established prohibitions and requirements concerning closed and abandoned hazardous waste sites Provided for liability of persons responsible for releases of hazardous waste at these sites Established a trust fund to provide for cleanup when no responsible party could be identified

Regulations / Definitions Regulations and Definitions Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA) Amended CERCLA on October 17, 1986 Reflected the EPA’s experience in administering the Superfund program

Regulations / Definitions Regulations and Definitions Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA) Stressed the importance of permanent remedies and innovative treatment technologies in cleaning up hazardous waste sites Provided new enforcement authorities and settlement tools Increased the state involvement in every phase of the Superfund program

Regulations / Definitions Regulations and Definitions Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA) Increased the focus on human health problems posed by hazardous waste sites Encouraged greater citizen participation in making decisions on how sites should be cleaned up Increased the size of the trust fund to $8.5 billon

Regulations / Definitions Regulations and Definitions Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Environmental Protection and Community Right-to-Know Act (EPCRA) Title III of SARA Enacted by Congress Law designed to protect public health, safety, and the environment form chemical hazards Required each state to appoint a State Emergency Response Commission (SERC) Emergency planning districts Local emergency planning committee LEPC

Regulations / Definitions Regulations and Definitions Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) Gave EPA authority to control hazardous waste from the Cradle-to-the-Grave Includes Generation Transportation Treatment Storage Disposal of hazardous waste

Regulations / Definitions Regulations and Definitions Department of Labor (DOL) Responsible for overseeing U.S. labor laws 1970 Congress passed the Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSH) 1971 Occupational Safety and Health Administration was created (OSHA) Oversee compliance with the Act under the jurisdiction of the DOL

Regulations / Definitions Regulations and Definitions Department of Labor (DOL) Hazardous Communications Standard (HCS) Information about chemical hazards and associated protective measures is disseminated to workers MSDS

Regulations / Definitions Regulations and Definitions Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) Regulates U.S. commercial nuclear power plants Civilian use of nuclear materials Possession, use, storage and transfer of radioactive materials

Regulations / Definitions Regulations and Definitions Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) Includes Radiation dose limits for workers and members of the public Requirements for monitoring and labeling of radioactive materials Requirements for posting of radiation areas Requirements for reporting the theft or loss of radioactive materials Tables of individual radionuclide exposure limits

Regulations / Definitions Emergency Response Centers Centers staffed with experts who can provide 24-hour assistance to emergency responders U.S. has several non-governmental centers Chemical Transportation Emergency Center (CHEMTREC) Established by the chemical industry Refer to your Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG) Contains a full list of emergency response centers and their current telephone numbers

Regulations / Definitions Hazardous Materials Incident Statistics Hazardous materials incidents Not infrequent All emergency first responders will have to deal with a hazardous material sometime in their career So common that there are seven different U.S. government databases dedicated to tracking them

Regulations / Definitions Hazardous Materials Incident Statistics Hazardous materials incidents Many incidents occur while hazardous materials are being transported Majority occur while being transported via highway Fixed facilities Pipeline accidents lead the list Crude oil

Regulations / Definitions Works Cited N.F.P.A. 472 “Standard for Competence of responders to Hazardous Materials/Weapons of Mass Destruction Incidents” 2008 Edition N.F.P.A 1001 “Standard for Professional Firefighter Qualifications” 2008 Edition N.F.P.A. 1561 “Standard on Emergency Services Incident Management System” 2008 Edition O.S.H.A 29 CFR 1910.120 “Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response” U.S. DOT “Emergency Response Guidebook” 2008 Edition