© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public 1 Version 4.0 Exploring the Enterprise Network Infrastructure Introducing Routing and Switching in the Enterprise – Chapter 2

© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public 2 Objectives  Interpret network documentation. –Describe the equipment in the enterprise Network Operations Center.  Explain the importance of the enterprise edge in the provisioning of services. –Describe the Point-of-Presence for service delivery. –Identify security considerations and equipment at the enterprise edge.  Identify router and switch hardware characteristics and use router CLI configuration and verification commands.  Show the Enterprise Network Infrastructure Movie

© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public 3 Network Documentation  Why is it important that we have accurate network documentation?  Whose responsibility is it to ensure that the network documentation is up to date and accurate?

© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public 4 Get lost much?  Anyone who has trusted a GPS to explore an unfamiliar area knows the importance of accurate maps.  Imagine what it would be like to follow the GPS directions in an unfamiliar area late at night, only to be suddenly confronted by a road closure and not know what to do next.

© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public 5 Interpret Network Documentation  Network infrastructure diagrams- usually linked to a database  Physical topology map - floorplans  Logical topology map – ip and interface labels  Control plane information: failure domains

© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public 6 Interpret Network Documentation  Floor plans and blueprints  Redlining shows changes  As-built diagram documents changes from original plans

© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public 7 Interpret Network Documentation  Business Continuity Plan  Business Security Plan  Network Maintenance Plan  Service Level Agreement

© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public 8 Describe the Equipment in the Enterprise NOC  Raised floors  High performance UPS and HVAC  Fire suppression systems  Network monitoring equipment  MDF switches and routers

© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public 9 Data Centers  What is a Data Center?  Whose responsibility is it to ensure that the network is up and available?

© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public 10 Describe the Equipment in the Enterprise NOC  Server farm  Data storage  Storage Area Network (SAN) Reflection: Google “Virtual Tours of Network Operations Centers” and visit three…

© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public 11 Interpret Network Documentation  Structured cabling standards  Main Distribution Facility (MDF)  Telecommunications room  Intermediate Distribution Facility (IDF)

© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public 12 NAS v.s. SAN Activity  The latest trend in storage is the Storage Area Network SAN. What is the difference between a NAS and an SAN? What advantages does a SAN offer a network administrator over a NAS? Let’s research and find out.  Pretend that your boss, the Chief Information Officer for XYZ Corporation, has asked you to select a NAS or SAS for storage as the company prepares for expansion. Your job is to prepare a one page sales pitch for their CIO on the differences between an NAS and SAS and their recommendation for making the selection.

© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public 13 NAS v.s. SAN Activity  1. Begin by conducting an Internet search using the phrase "NAS versus SAN". This will result in a list of resources that detail the meaning of both of these terms as well as examples.  2. Define the storage need for XYZ Corporation. You will need to define the need in order to select from the two storage choices.  3. After conducting the research on NAS versus SAN for network storage and defining their storage need, prepare a five-minute sales pitch to you (the CIO) on the selection of an NAS or SAS to meet network storage needs.

© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public 14 The Importance of the Enterprise Edge in the Provisioning of Services  Point-of-Presence (POP)  Demarc – the point that separates maint. responsibility  Links to outside services and sites

© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public 15 The Importance of the Enterprise Edge in the Provisioning of Services  Security considerations at the enterprise edge –Denial of Service (DoS) attacks –Application of filtering policies  Firewall  Demilitarized zone  Intrusion detection and prevention

© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public 16 The Importance of the Enterprise Edge in the Provisioning of Services  Connection services  WAN punchdown block  Channel Service Unit/Data Service Unit (CSU/DSU)  Customer Premises Equipment (CPE)

© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public 17 Wireless Points-of-Presence  A growing sector of business, representing a growth area for ISPs and new opportunities for network administrators. In this activity you will explore the new opportunities presented by wireless POPs.

© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public 18 Identify Router Hardware Characteristics  Router functions  Form factors  Interfaces  Management options

© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public 19 Functions of Routers

© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public 20 Routers allow packets to leave the local network  How does a router know that a packet is intended for the local network?  How does a router know that a packet is intended for an external network?  What portion of the IP address is used to route packets?

© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public 21 Routers can select alternate routes  Routers can select alternate routes if a link goes down or traffic is congested.  What is the process that routers follow in developing routing tables?

© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public 22 Routers also provide  Broadcast containment - What is a broadcast message? What issues do network administrators struggle within the use of broadcast messages?  Connection to remote locations.  Grouping of users logically by application or department. How does a router achieve these two functions?  Enhanced security (using NATs and ACLs).

© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public 23 Router Management Show the Access the Router Movie

© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public 24 Use Router CLI Show Commands  General use  Routing related  Interface related  Connectivity related  Review section – key configuration commands are reviewed in detail.

© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public 25 Use Basic Router Configuration Commands  Configuration management  Global settings  Line settings  Interface settings  Routing settings

© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public 26 Identify Switch Hardware Characteristics  Switch functions  Form factors  Port density

© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public 27 Use Switch CLI Show Commands  General use  Interface/port related  Connectivity related

© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public 28 Use Switch CLI Configuration Commands  Configuration management  Global settings  Interface settings

© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public 29 Summary  Network infrastructure diagrams document devices in a network  The enterprise NOC manages and monitors all network resources  The enterprise edge provides Internet and local access services and security against attacks  Access Layer switches provide end user connections, security services, and microsegmentation of collision domains  Distribution Layer routers control broadcasts and move packets between locations and the Internet

© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public 30