Graffiti represents an art form that is unrestricted, one that rebels against conventional forms of artwork. Graffiti is intertwined into human history, dating back to the Roman Empire. They made political statements and satirize current events. Modern graffiti achieves many of the same things – to state a message that doesn’t necessarily fit into the norms of society.

Graffiti also known as Street-Art or Urban-Art has come a long way from the simple cave-paintings of our ancient past, to the amazing diversity of today’s graffiti.

The American History of Graffiti: A BRIEF HISTORY The American History of Graffiti: From subway to gallery http://video.pbs.org/video/1864784580

Keith Haring Keith Haring was an artist and social activist whose work responded to the New York City street culture of the 1980s. Haring achieved his first public attention with chalk drawings in the subways of New York (see public art). These were his first recognized pieces of pop art. His bold lines, vivid colors, and active figures carry strong messages of life and unity.

Keith Haring drawing in subway ca. 1981 Slide concept by William V. Ganis, PhD FOR EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY For publication, reproduction or transmission of images, please contact individual artists, estates, photographers and exhibiting institutions for permissions and rights. Keith Haring drawing in subway ca. 1981

Graffiti: a work of art or vandalism?

Keith Haring Harlem, NY 1986 Slide concept by William V. Ganis, PhD FOR EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY For publication, reproduction or transmission of images, please contact individual artists, estates, photographers and exhibiting institutions for permissions and rights. Keith Haring Harlem, NY 1986

JEAN-MICHEL BASQUIAT Jean-Michel Basquiat was an American artist. His career in art began as a graffiti artist in New York City in the late 1970s, and in the 1980s produced Neo-expressionist painting. In 1976, Basquiat and friends Al Diaz and Shannon Dawson began spray-painting graffiti on buildings in Lower Manhattan, working under the pseudonym SAMO. In June 1980, Basquiat took is art from the street to the gallery by participating in The Times Square Show, a multi-artist exhibition. From that moment on he became a widely known Urban Artist.

Jean-Michel Basquiat Hollywood Africans 1983 Slide concept by William V. Ganis, PhD FOR EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY For publication, reproduction or transmission of images, please contact individual artists, estates, photographers and exhibiting institutions for permissions and rights. Jean-Michel Basquiat Hollywood Africans 1983

Jean-Michel Basquiat Grillo 1984 Slide concept by William V. Ganis, PhD FOR EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY For publication, reproduction or transmission of images, please contact individual artists, estates, photographers and exhibiting institutions for permissions and rights. Jean-Michel Basquiat Grillo 1984

BANKSY Banksy is a pseudonymous England-based graffiti artist, political activist, film director, and painter. Stencils are traditionally hand drawn or printed onto sheets of acetate or card, before being cut out by hand. Because of the secretive nature of Banksy's work and identity, it is uncertain what techniques he uses to generate the images in his stencils, though it is assumed he uses computers for some images due to the photocopy nature of much of his work.

Banksy c. 2003 Slide concept by William V. Ganis, PhD FOR EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY For publication, reproduction or transmission of images, please contact individual artists, estates, photographers and exhibiting institutions for permissions and rights. Banksy c. 2003

Banksy c. 2007 New Orleans Slide concept by William V. Ganis, PhD FOR EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY For publication, reproduction or transmission of images, please contact individual artists, estates, photographers and exhibiting institutions for permissions and rights. Banksy c. 2007 New Orleans

JOSE PARLA Jose Parla was born to Cuban parents in exile in Miami, Florida. He started painting in 1983 at age 10. In 1988 he began painting on city walls using the name "Ease," following the tradition of New York subway art. His paintings incorporate calligraphy into pictures that resemble distressed city walls.

Jose Parla

Jose Parla

Jose Parla

Jose Parla Los Angeles, CA

LETTERING TECHNIQUES Not only are there different types of graffiti; there are also plenty of different lettering styles used by graffiti writers. Many of them were designed by graffiti writers in the beginning years of urban graffiti, in the 1970s and 1980s. They’ve been imitated, expanded on, adapted and changed by graffiti artists all over the world.

Bubble Letters A lot of graffiti lettering is done with bubble letters. Bubble letters can take many different forms, but basically they are fat rounded letters, with or without a differently-colored outline, usually overlapping each other. They’re normally easy to read and don’t have too many stylistic flourishes.

Block Letters Block letters are basically the same as bubble, but without the fat rounded appearance. Shadow letters are commonly found on throw-ups and in more complicated pieces. They use either block letters or bubble letters and feature a shadow behind each letter, making the lettering appear slightly 3D.

Wildstyle It’s hard to classify most types of graffiti lettering. The styles develop organically, with only loose foundations. Lettering styles can sometimes be traced back to the person who originally developed them. Such is the case with Wildstyle, which was first thought up and practiced by Tracy 168 and Stay High 149 in New York. Wildstyle graffiti is complex and often difficult to read for people who aren’t familiar with graffiti lettering. The style has taken off all over the world and has evolved as it’s been passed from continent to continent.

Calligraffiti Calligraffiti is a combination of calligraphy and graffiti invented by Amsterdam graffiti artist Shoe. It’s a somewhat stylized but still easy-to-read lettering style. It brings together the best parts of calligraphy and graffiti by putting beautiful and artful letters into an urban setting.

Graffiti Project

Graffiti Evolution www.build-it-yourself.com Make thick characters so you have lots of space for coloring. Overlap your characters and outline them. Two colors are almost always better than one color. This is a key to cool graffiti. Both lemonade stands are set up for business next to each other. They sell exactly the same lemonade for exactly the same price. What goes through your head when you are deciding which stand to buy from? A shadow can make your graffiti pop right off the page. www.build-it-yourself.com

Graffiti Project Media: 9x12 or 12x18 paper, pencil, colored pencils and/or markers. Think back to when we discussed how graffiti can tell a story. Choose a word (school appropriate) that illustrates the story you want to tell. Think how font can reflect mood just like shape, line and color. Consider these things when creating your composition. Create intensity with color Create value with color.