1 NETE4631 Network Information Systems : Introduction to Cloud Computing Lecture Notes #1

Background Brief Dr. Suronapee Phoomvuthisarn PhD in CSE, University of New South Wales, 2011 National ICT Australia ( ) Research interests in software architecture Service Economics, Cloud Computing Work History: Mahanakorn University of Technology (Since 2007) Position: รองคณบดีฝ่ายกิจการนักศึกษาและประชา สัมพัน 2

3 Intro Class objectives Materials Text Sosinsky, B., (2011), Cloud Computing Bible, Wiley. Slides reproduced from the course offered by Assoc. M.Babar, University of Copenhagen Grading policy (30/30/40) Exercises/Presentations/Group Discussions แผน ก. Present selected papers Criticize selected papers แผน ข. Working with Cloud-based Applications as well as presenting them

Learning Outcome Describe different concepts and mechanisms underpinning Cloud computing and its potential impacts on businesses. Provide a detailed description of technologies and approaches enabling Cloud computing such as service-orientation, Internet infrastructures, virtualization, time-sharing, distributed computing, multi-tenancy, resource provisioning techniques, and protocols. 4

Learning Outcome (2) Evaluate and select an appropriate public cloud provider by applying the theoretical concepts and practical techniques from the course. Analyse and explain key aspects of building for and/or migrating systems to Cloud such as costs involved, potential benefits, security issues, regulatory concerns, and standards. 5

Articles Armbrust, M., et al., 2010, A View of Cloud Computing, ACM, 53(4), pp Papazoglou, M., Traverso, P., Dustdar, S., Leymann, F., 2007, Service- Oriented Computing: State of the Art and Research Challenges, IEEE Computer, 40(11), pp Durkee, D., 2010, Why Cloud Computing Will Never Be Free, IT Professional, 53(5), pp Joshi, B.D.J, Takabi, H., Ahn, G., Security and Privacy Challenges in Cloud Computing Environments, IEEE Security & Privacy, Nov/Dec, Ali Babar, M., Chauhan, M. A., A Tale of Migration to Cloud Computing for Sharing Experiences and Observations, proceedings of the Software Engineering for Cloud Computing Workshop (SECLOUD), Collocated with ICSE 2011, Hawaii, USA. 6

Cloud-based Application Exp. Commercial Google App Engine Microsoft Azure Open Source Eucalyptas 7

Class Overview Introduction to Cloud computing and its impact on organizations, businesses, and society Models of Cloud computing offerings (SaaS, PaaS, IaaS) and deployment (public, private, hybrid) Strengthens and weaknesses of different types of Clouds (public, private, hybrid) Approaches Foundation of Cloud systems’ architectures Patterns and tactics for designing Cloud-based service oriented systems 8

Class Overview (2) Overview of Security and privacy challenges and solutions for Cloud-based systems Designing and Assessing strategies for migration to Clouds Managing, administering, monitoring, and supporting Cloud-based systems Benefits, challenges, and risks of Cloud Computing Evaluation and Comparison of proprietary and Open Source Cloud-based Solutions, e.g., EC2, Google AppEngine, Azure, Eucalyptus, and Hadoop. 9

Course Administration E-Learning Contact 10

Network Information Systems NIS is an information system for managing networks. Examples Grid-based application telecommunications network Mail services, www Cloud-based application 11

12 What is Cloud Computing? “Cloud computing is a model for enabling convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction.” (A definition by the US National institute of standards and technology (NIST)) Some of the characteristics Distributed computing at a massive scale On demand elasticity Exploiting existing technologies (Grid, Utility, Virtualization) Pay per use model Driven by economies of scale

13 Market Forecast

14 Main Aspects of a Cloud System

15 What is different? Scale -Some companies that rely on cloud computing have infrastructures that scale over several (or more) data centers, Amazon & YouTube Simplicity –simpler computing APIs Pricing –pay as you use and No upfront capital expenditure –from investment to operational cost

16 What is different? (2) Availability of infinite computing resources on demand to follow the load surges; eliminating the need for planning far ahead for provisioning No requirements for an up-front commitment and enabling companies to start small and increase resources only when the need increases The ability to pay for use of computing resources on a short-term basis as needed (for example, processors by the hour and storage by the day) and release them as needed, thereby rewarding conservation by letting machines and storage go when they are no longer useful.

17 Cloud Characteristics Non-Functional Aspects Elasticity –Horizontal and vertical scalability, middleware capable of automatic integration and extraction of extra resources when required. Reliability -No loss of data, no code reset during execution etc. Quality of Service -Specific requirements MUST be met by the service provider, e.g., response time, throughput etc. Agility and adaptation –meeting the requirements of new or different resources on the fly Availability of services and data –masking failures

18 Cloud Characteristics Economic Aspects Cost reduction –Reducing the cost for infrastructure acquisition and maintenance Improved time to market –Imperative for SMEs. Larger enterprises can publish new capabilities with little overhead to remain competitive. Return on investment –Essential but not guaranteed Turning CAPEX into OPEX –from capital cost to operation cost model Going Green –Reducing the energy consumption of unused resources –scaling up should also consider the carbon footprint

Service and Deployment Models 19

20 Common Elements of a Cloud

21 Is Cloud Computing for Me? For end users Cost reduction: From capital investment to operational expense (pay-per-use) Ease of use via standardized mechanisms, e.g. Browser Flexibility and short time-to-result Services providers Reduction of the entrance barrier Reduction of time to market Private Cloud Maximize the utilisation of computing resources Minimize operational costs and the organisation keeps full control of its data centres

22 Benefits of Cloud Computing On-demand self-service Broad network access Resource pooling Rapid elasticity Measured service Lower costs Ease of utilization Quality of Service Reliability Outsourced IT management Simplified maintenance and upgrade Low barrier to entry

23 Some of the Challenges!!! Security Would my data be more secure with Cloud provider? Interoperability Significant risk of vendor lock-in –Standardized interfaces not available, incompatible programming models Reliability Use of commodity hardware, prone to failure...Cloud 2.0 Laws and regulations Privacy, security, and location of data storage Organizational changes Changing authorities of IT departments, compliance policies Cost Purchase vs. Lease, migration cost, models to design capital and operational budgets, cost of cloud providers

24 Some Public Cloud Providers Amazon Google Azure Service Platform Salesfoce.com (CRM systems)

25 Amazon Web Services (AWS) Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) –Virtual machines and CPU cycles Simple Storage Service (S3) –Virtual storage service Simple Queue Service (SQS) –Message passing API SimpleDB–Running queries on structured data in real time –works with EC2 and S3

Google App Engine 26

Winder Azure Windows Azure –Service hosting and management, storage, computation, networking Microsoft SQL Services –Database services and reporting Microsoft.NetServices –Service-based implementation of.NET framework 27

A Comparative 28

THANK YOU!!!!! 29