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Objectives Develop an effective Disaster Recovery Plan (DRP) Understand the importance of fault tolerance Identify the main components that require redundancy Understand the use and configuration of clusters Understand what to do in an emergency situation and the basics of fire prevention and suppression systems Understand recovery procedures and the use of replication methods to maintain hot, cold, and warm sites Describe data and security backup and archive strategies and technologies 5.3 Disaster RecoverySlide 2

Disaster Recovery Planning Identify scenarios for natural and non-natural disaster and options for protecting systems Make Business Impact Assessments (BIA) Identify tasks, resources, and responsibilities Train staff Test disaster recovery procedures – Drill or walkthrough – Disaster recovery exercises Timescales 5.3 Disaster RecoverySlide 3

Fault Tolerance Redundant components Hot swappable components Uninterruptible Power Supplies (UPS) and backup generators Backup strategies Anti-virus software 5.3 Disaster RecoverySlide 4

Eliminating Single Points of Failure Power Supply Network Card Processors Cooling Fans Hard Disks 5.3 Disaster RecoverySlide 5

Clusters 5.3 Disaster RecoverySlide 6

Health and Safety Identify what to do in an emergency Identify responsible persons Identify hazardous areas in the workspace Describe best practice for use and care of the workspace and equipment within it Establish an incident reporting procedure 5.3 Disaster RecoverySlide 7

Emergency Procedures Raise the alarm Make the scene safe (people first) Tackle the emergency (if it is safe for you to do so) 5.3 Disaster RecoverySlide 8

Fire Prevention and Detection Secure storage of flammable materials Fire inspections Sensor systems – Photoelectric smoke detector – Ionization smoke detector – Heat detector – Flame detector 5.3 Disaster RecoverySlide 9

Fire Suppression Class A - ordinary combustible materials Class B - flammable or combustible liquids, solids, and gases. Class C - electrical equipment Class D - combustible metals Class K - highly flammable materials 5.3 Disaster RecoverySlide 10

Extinguishers and Sprinklers Extinguisher types – Water – Dry Powder – Foam – CO2 Sprinklers – Dry pipe – Pre-action – Halon – Clean agent 5.3 Disaster RecoverySlide 11

Prioritization During Recovery Identify which business processes are critical and which are only necessary People first Consider dependencies Communications / web presence Fulfilment / transport Back office 5.3 Disaster RecoverySlide 12

Spares and Sites Redundant equipment – Disks – Servers – Sites Classification – Hot (online or near online) – Warm (might require configuration / loading with data) – Cold (resource is available but will need commissioning) Balance risk against cost 5.3 Disaster RecoverySlide 13

Replication Duplicating data between servers or sites Synchronous – data must be written to both locations before it is “committed” Asynchronous – one site receives a copy from the primary site Consider risk, distance, cost 5.3 Disaster RecoverySlide 14

Backup Strategies Scheduled file copy to media of sufficient capacity Databases and open files and 24x7 access are challenging Can backup at file, table, or record (transaction) level 5.3 Disaster RecoverySlide 15

Snapshots File systems supporting snapshots allow read-only copies of data to be taken Allows backup software to run on copy or for user to preserve file versions 5.3 Disaster RecoverySlide 16

System Backups Traditional system restore might involve repartitioning disk, reinstalling OS, then restoring data from backup Bare metal backup can be applied directly to a new drive Requires high capacity storage media 5.3 Disaster RecoverySlide 17

Archiving and Backup Types Backups are for security (copy) Archives are for material that does not require “live” access but cannot be deleted (move) Archives probably need to be backed up! Backups can use different types to tradeoff media capacity, backup time, and restore time – Mix full with incremental (changed data since last backup) – Mix full with differential (changed data since last full backup) Do not mix incremental with differential 5.3 Disaster RecoverySlide 18

Retention Policy Backups need to maintain a version of files to different points in time eg: – Data as it was in each of the last 5 days – Data as it was at the end of the last 4 weeks – Data as it was at the end of the last 12 months Storage issues – Security – Offsite copies 5.3 Disaster RecoverySlide 19

Hard Disk Backup Media Disk-to-disk backup High capacity and cheap Portable drives for SMEs SANs for enterprises (tiered storage) 5.3 Disaster RecoverySlide 20

Tape Drives QIC Travan DAT 8mm DLT Tape libraries / autoloaders Maintenance 5.3 Disaster RecoverySlide 21

Other Media WORM (CD/DVD recordable) CD / DVD Rewritable Optical jukebox Flash media 5.3 Disaster RecoverySlide 22

Media Rotation Supports retention policy and maximizes available media capacity Grandfather, Father, Son (GFS) – Daily backups (incremental or differential) reuse the son tapes each week – Weekly full backups are written to the father tapes, one for each week of the month except the last – The final weekly backup is written to the monthly grandfather tape set 5.3 Disaster RecoverySlide 23

Restoring Data and Verifying Backups Media compatibility Error detection Configuration Test restore 5.3 Disaster RecoverySlide 24

Review Develop an effective Disaster Recovery Plan (DRP) Understand the importance of fault tolerance Identify the main components that require redundancy Understand the use and configuration of clusters Understand what to do in an emergency situation and the basics of fire prevention and suppression systems Understand recovery procedures and the use of replication methods to maintain hot, cold, and warm sites Describe data and security backup and archive strategies and technologies 5.3 Disaster RecoverySlide 25

Labs Lab 15 Backup 5.3 Disaster RecoverySlide 26