Medical Specialists and Case Reports Chapter 5 Medical Specialists and Case Reports Copyright © 2012, 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Learning Objectives Describe the training process of physicians. Identify medical specialists and describe their specialties. Copyright © 2012, 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Learning Objectives (cont.) Identify combining forms used in terms that describe specialists. Decipher medical terminology as written in case reports. Copyright © 2012, 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Residency Programs Residency Programs Definition Anesthesiology Dermatology Emergency medicine Definition Administration of agents capable of bringing about a loss of sensation Diagnosis and treatment of skin orders Care of patients that requires sudden and immediate action Copyright © 2012, 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Residency Programs (cont.) Family practice Internal medicine Ophthalmology Pathology Definition Primary care of all members of the family on a continuing basis Diagnosis and treatment of usually complex nonsurgical disorders in adults Diagnosis and treatment of eye disorders Diagnosis of the cause and nature of disease Name and define some other examples of residency programs. Psychiatry: diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the mind Radiology: diagnosis using x-rays and other procedures (ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging) Surgery: treatment by manual (SURG means hand) or operative methods Copyright © 2012, 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Residency Programs (cont.) Pediatrics Psychiatry Radiology Surgery Definition Diagnosis and treatment of children’s disorders Diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the mind Diagnosis using x-ray studies Treatment by manual (SURG means hand) or operative methods Name and define some other examples of residency programs. Psychiatry: diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the mind Radiology: diagnosis using x-rays and other procedures (ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging) Surgery: treatment by manual (SURG means hand) or operative methods Copyright © 2012, 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Medical Specialties Defined Specialist Allergist Cardiologist Geriatrician Oncologist Description Treats hypersensitivity reactions Treats heart disease Treats diseases of old age Diagnoses and treats malignant and benign tumors Copyright © 2012, 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Medical Specialties Defined (cont.) Specialist Pathologist Radiation oncologist Urologist Description Diagnoses disease by analysis of cells Treats disease with high-energy radiation Treats and performs surgery on the urinary tract and male reproductive system Name other medical specialists and discuss their functions. Copyright © 2012, 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Combining Forms cardi/o heart col/o colon, large intestine dermat/o skin endocrin/o endocrine glands enter/o intestines Give the definitions of the medical terms: Cardiomegaly: enlargement of the heart Colitis: inflammation of the colon (large intestine) Dermatitis: inflammation of the skin Endocrinology: study of endocrine glands Enteritis: inflammation of the small intestines Copyright © 2012, 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Combining Forms (cont.) esthesi/o sensation gastr/o stomach ger/o old age gynec/o woman, female hemat/o blood Give the definitions of the medical terms: Anesthesiology: study of how to administer agents capable of bringing about loss of sensation and consciousness Gastroscopy: instrument used to view the stomach Geriatrics: pertaining to treatment of older people Gynecology: study of female disorders Hematoma: mass or collection of blood under the skin Copyright © 2012, 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Combining Forms (cont.) iatr/o treatment laryng/o voice box lymph/o lymph nephr/o kidney neur/o nerve Give the definitions of the medical terms: Iatrogenic: pertaining to a patient’s abnormal condition that results unexpectedly from a specific treatment Laryngeal: pertaining to the larynx (voice box) Lymphadenopathy: disease of the lymph nodes (glands) Nephrostomy: opening from the kidney to the outside of the body Neuralgia: nerve pain Copyright © 2012, 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Combining Forms (cont.) nos/o disease obstetr/o midwife odont/o tooth onc/o tumor ophthalm/o eye Give the definitions of the medical terms: Nosocomial: pertaining to or originating in a hospital Obstetric: pertaining to pregnancy, labor, and delivery of a baby Orthodontist: dentist specializing in straightening the teeth Oncogenic: pertaining to producing tumors Ophthalmologist: specialist in the study of the eye and the treatment of eye disorders Copyright © 2012, 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Combining Forms (cont.) opt/o eye optic/o eye orth/o straight ot/o ear path/o disease Give the definitions of the medical terms: Optometrist: nonmedical specialist trained to examine and test eyes and prescribe corrective lenses Optician: nonmedical specialist trained to provide eyeglasses by filling prescriptions Orthopedist: specialist in the surgical correction of musculoskeletal disorders Otitis: inflammation of an ear Pathology: study of disease Copyright © 2012, 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Combining Forms (cont.) ped/o child psych/o mind pulmon/o lung radi/o x-rays rect/o rectum Give the definitions of the medical terms: Pediatrics: branch of medicine specializing in the treatment of children Psychosis: abnormal condition of the mind Pulmonary: pertaining to the lungs Radiotherapy: treatment of disease (cancer) with high-energy x-rays or particles such as photons and protons Rectocele: hernia (protrusion) of the rectum into the vagina Copyright © 2012, 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Combining Forms (cont.) rheumat/o flow, fluid rhin/o nose thorac/o chest ur/o urinary tract vascul/o blood vessels Give the definitions of the medical terms: Rheumatology: branch of medicine dealing with inflammation, degeneration, or chemical changes in connective tissues such as joints and muscles Rhinorrhea: discharge from the nose Thoracotomy: incision of the chest Urology: study of the urinary system in males and females and the reproductive tract in males Vasculitis: inflammation of blood vessels Copyright © 2012, 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Medical Terms per Specialty Cardiology angina anticoagulant diuretic hypertension ischemia antiarrhythmic Gynecology dysmenorrhea hysterectomy leiomyomas menorrhagia sonogram fibroids What are the definitions of the medical terms? How and why do they relate to the specialty? Note: These terms are from the case reports found in the textbook (pp. 180– 182). Copyright © 2012, 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Medical Terms per Specialty (cont.) Orthopedics callus femur fibula fixation fracture Radiology anterior infiltrate lateral mediastinal posterior What are the definitions for the medical terms? Why and how do the terms relate to the specialty? Note: These medical terms are found in the case reports in the textbook (pp. 186–188). Copyright © 2012, 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Medical Scramble Medical specialty treating pregnant women S T B S C O R I E T Inflammation of the ear T I O S I T Unscramble the letters to form medical terms from the clues. Use the underlined letters to complete the bonus term. 1. OBSTETRICS 2. OTITIS Copyright © 2012, 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Medical Scramble (cont.) Branch of medicine that uses operative methods G Y S R U E R Pertaining to tumors C G N E O I N C O Pertaining to treating children T I E P R D C I A Unscramble the letters to form medical terms from the clues. Use the underlined letters to complete the bonus term. 3. SURGERY 4. ONCOGENIC 5. PEDIATRIC Copyright © 2012, 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Medical Scramble (cont.) Study of disease L A P G O H Y T O New opening of the colon to the outside of the body O L M Y S O C O T Unscramble the letters to form medical terms from the clues. Use the underlined letters to complete the bonus term. 6. PATHOLOGY 7. COLOSTOMY Copyright © 2012, 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Medical Scramble (cont.) Bonus Term: Abnormal condition of the mind S C O S Y I P H S Use the underlined letters from the previous words to complete the bonus term. The bonus term is PSYCHOSIS. Copyright © 2012, 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.