Energy in a Cell PART 1 Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eo5XndJaz-Y chloroplast mitochondria water CO2 glucose sun ATP

Predictions Why do humans rely on plants?!!! What biomolecule is formed?!!!

Importance of energy ATP Cells need energy to be able to carry out important metabolic functions to sustain life. Ex: Active transport, cell division, movement of flagella or cilia, transport, and storage of proteins ATP

Energy Transformations All energy originates from the sun Radiant energy is transformed into chemical energy (glucose) during the process of photosynthesis. Chemical energy (glucose) is transformed into another chemical (ATP) during the process of cellular respiration. All organisms perform cellular respiration or fermentation to produce usable energy. 4

Energy Transformations Photosynthesis Light Energy Cellular Respiration Oxygen Radiant to Chemical Glucose Chemical to Chemical Water Product Carbon Dioxide Reactant 5

Use the diagram to complete the following sentence stem: Based on the energy transformations diagram, I can infer that _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6

Autotrophs Make their own food by using the energy from the sun Plants, algae, some bacteria are able to produce glucose and store it as starch through the process of photosynthesis

Photosynthesis: the autotrophic process of producing sugars by converting light energy from the sun into chemical energy

Photosynthesis Autotrophs trap electrons from light energy in the chloroplasts of their cells. Use light energy to excite electrons Use excited electrons to form the bonds in a sugar molecule 6H2O + 6CO2---------- C6H12O6 + 6O2 Light Energy Glucose 9

Photosynthesis chemical equation 6CO2 + 6H2O→C6H12O6 + 6O2 6 carbon dioxide molecules+ 6 water molecules react to produce glucose + 6 oxygen molecules reactant product

Use the equation for photosynthesis to answer the question…… How is oxygen made during the process of photosynthesis? In other words where does the oxygen come from?

Chlorophyll Photosynthesis also requires the pigment chlorophyll, which absorbs specific wavelengths of light. Chlorophyll – is found in the chloroplasts of autotrophic organisms and captures light energy from the sun

STAGES OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS Energy captured from sunlight by being absorbed by chlorophyll Light-dependent reactions – light energy converted to chemical energy temporarily stored as ATP and NADPH Calvin cycle – chemical energy powers formation of organic compounds using CO2

How autotrophs capture sunlight energy Click image to play video.

Photosynthesis What are the reactants?___________ What are the products?____________

Exit Ticket: Explain the role of CO2 in the formation of organic molecules.