Energy Forms What are the most common forms of energy in our physical world and how do they compare?

Learning Targets: 1a) Review: I can describe energy and identify the different forms of energy (mechanical, chemical, electrical, radiant, thermal, and nuclear). (DOK 1) 1b) Review: I can determine the type of energy in given objects and situations. (DOK 1-2) 1c) Review: I can compare and contrast different forms of energy (ie. potential vs. kinetic energy; renewable vs. nonrenewable energy) (DOK 2)

What Is Energy? Energy is the ability to do work. Work happens when force causes an object to change or move. NO WORK WORK

Types of Energy KINETIC energy is the energy of all moving objects. POTENTIAL energy is the stored energy an object has because of its position.

KINETIC ENERGY KINETIC ENERGY (KE) depends on speed and mass. The more speed an object has, the more kinetic energy is has. The more mass an object has, the more kinetic energy it has.

a car moving 50 km/hr OR a car moving 90 km/hr? Which has more KE: a car moving 50 km/hr OR a car moving 90 km/hr? 90 km/hr—objects with more speed have more KE Which has more KE: an elephant running 3 m/sec OR an ant running 3 m/sec? Elephant—objects with more mass have more KE

POTENTIAL ENERGY POTENTIAL ENERGY (PE) depends on weight and height. The more weight an object has, the more PE it will have. The higher up an object is, the more PE it will have.

Which object has more PE in the following examples: 1. A rollercoaster at the top of a hill OR at the bottom of a hill. 2. A bowling ball dropped off the top of a building OR a golf ball dropped off the top of a building. Top—higher objects have more PE Bowling ball—objects with more weight have more PE

AC HELMS

REMINDER: Energy is the ability to do WORK. There are 7 Forms of Energy that can cause things to MOVE, or do WORK. ATOMIC (NUCLEAR) CHEMICAL HEAT (THERMAL) ELECTRICAL LIGHT (RADIANT) MECHANICAL SOUND

The 7 Forms of Energy can be remembered using this acronym: AC HELMS

ACHELMS ATOMIC ENERGY- the energy generated when the NUCLEUS of ATOMS join together or split apart. EXAMPLES: Atomic Energy gives the Sun its energy. Atomic bombs.

ACHELMS CHEMICAL ENERGY- the energy stored in matter that is released during a chemical change. EXAMPLES Burning chemicals in fuel to make heat Using chemicals stored in batteries Digestion of food

ACHELMS HEAT/THERMAL ENERGY- the energy that is related to heat and the temperature of matter. NOTE: The faster the particles move the more heat/thermal energy is generated. Examples: The sun making you warm Fire Radiator

ACHELMS ELECTRICAL ENERGY the energy of electrically charged matter. EXAMPLES: Energy traveling through a wire Lightning

ACHELMS LIGHT/RADIANT ENERGY the energy caused by the vibration of electrically charged atoms. EXAMPLES Visible light Sunlight Electrical lights X-rays Microwaves Ultraviolet light (UV rays)

ACHELMS MECHANICAL ENERGY-the energy of matter that has potential and kinetic energy. EXAMPLES: Living Organisms KE when move PE from food Cars KE when moving PE from gasoline (also chemical)

ACHELMS SOUND ENERGY -the energy from the vibration of an object. EXAMPLES: Guitar strings Vocal chords

ALL 7 Forms of Energy can be either POTENTIAL AND/OR KINETIC EXAMPLE: A guitar string being pulled back is potential sound energy. When the guitar string is released, it is changed to kinetic sound energy.

ENERGY CONVERSION- A change in one type of energy to another is called an energy conversion Conversion also means transformation