Using Archived Data to Measure Operational Benefits of a System-wide Adaptive Ramp Metering (SWARM) System Task 4: Pilot Study July 31, 2006 Robert Bertini Sue Ahn

Presentation Outline Work Plan – Progress Work Plan – Progress Pilot Study Pilot Study Data Collected Data Collected Data Analysis Data Analysis Results Results Remaining Task – TAC input Remaining Task – TAC input Recommendations for the Regional Study Recommendations for the Regional Study

Work Plan - Progress Task 1: Literature Review Task 1: Literature Review Report under revision Report under revision Task 2: Corridor Selection Task 2: Corridor Selection Report under review Report under review Task 3: Data Collection Plan Task 3: Data Collection Plan Report under review Report under review Task 4: Pilot Study Task 4: Pilot Study Freeway performance Freeway performance On-ramp performance - ongoing On-ramp performance - ongoing

On-ramp Queue Storage: Morning Peak Hours (6:30-8:30AM)

On-ramp Queue Storage: Morning Peak Hours (4:30-6:30PM)

Pilot Study: Data Collection Location of On-ramps Meter: Outflows (Merging Rate) Entrance: Inflows Barnes Rd. / US26WLoop US 26ERoad tubeCCTV camera Wilshire Rd.LoopRoad tube, Portable camera Walker Rd.LoopCCTV camera B-H HwyLoopCCTV camera, Portable camera Allen Blvd.LoopCCTV camera Denney Rd.LoopCCTV camera Hall Blvd.LoopRoad tube, Portable camera Scholls-Ferry Rd.LoopCCTV camera, Portable camera Greenburg Rd.LoopCCTV camera Pacific HwyLoopCCTV camera 72nd Ave.LoopCCTV camera

Pilot Study: Data Collection Pre-timed: June 19 – 23, 2006 Pre-timed: June 19 – 23, 2006 SWARM: June 26 – 30, 2006 SWARM: June 26 – 30, 2006 Accidents: June 21 and June 30 (excluded from analysis) Accidents: June 21 and June 30 (excluded from analysis) Weather: Comparable (high temperature on the 2 nd week) Weather: Comparable (high temperature on the 2 nd week)

Pilot Study: Data Analysis Data Quality: Communication Failures Data Quality: Communication Failures Freeway: VMT, VHT, Travel Time, Delay Freeway: VMT, VHT, Travel Time, Delay On-ramps: Queue spill-over On-ramps: Queue spill-over Frequency Frequency Durations Durations Total delay: on-going  Challenge Total delay: on-going  Challenge

Communication Failures

Performance Measures (6-9AM) VMTVHT Travel-Time (minutes) Delay (veh-hrs) Pre-Timed65,8711, SWARM66,4261, % Change0.8%6.0%5.1%34.7%

What happened?? SWARM is not operating optimally SWARM is not operating optimally Parameters need to be fine-tuned Parameters need to be fine-tuned Effect of communication failures Effect of communication failures Smaller discharge rate from the bottleneck Smaller discharge rate from the bottleneck Larger freeway delay but smaller system- wide delay Larger freeway delay but smaller system- wide delay Larger inflow from the on-ramps Larger inflow from the on-ramps Short pilot study duration: The results are not statistically significant. Short pilot study duration: The results are not statistically significant.

Delay (Pre-timed) Travel Direction Difference in delay (vehicle-hours)

Delay (SWARM) Travel Direction Difference in delay (vehicle-hours)

Change in Delay (SWARM – Pre-timed) Travel Direction Difference in delay (vehicle-hours)

Change in Delay Delay (veh-hrs)

On-ramp Volumes: Morning Peak Hours (6:30-8:30AM)

Pilot Study: Queue Spill-over Location of On-rampsPre-timedSWARM Walker Rd.No spill-over B-H HwySpill-overNo spill-over Allen Blvd.No spill-over Denney Rd.No spill-over Hall Blvd.No spill-over Scholls-Ferry Rd.No spill-overSpill-over

Pilot Study: Queue Spill-over Location of On-rampsPre-timedSWARM Walker Rd.No spill-over B-H HwySpill-overNo spill-over Allen Blvd.No spill-over Denney Rd.No spill-over Hall Blvd.No spill-over Scholls-Ferry Rd.No spill-overSpill-over

Pilot Study: Queue Spill-over Total DurationFrequencyAvg. Duration Pre-timed25.2 mins122.1 mins SWARM43.1 mins95.0 mins Scholls-Ferry Rd. Total DurationFrequencyAvg. Duration Pre-timed mins (on 19 th 22 nd ) mins SWARM000 Beaverton-Hillsdale Highway

Next Steps Reasons for the increase in delay Reasons for the increase in delay More analysis on on-ramps More analysis on on-ramps Total delay? – require counts at meters Total delay? – require counts at meters Travel time (sampling frequency) Travel time (sampling frequency) Report Report

Recommendations Data near bottleneck to measure bottleneck discharge flow Data near bottleneck to measure bottleneck discharge flow Agree on performance measure for on- ramps Agree on performance measure for on- ramps Total delay, queue length, queue spill-over Total delay, queue length, queue spill-over All or selected on-ramps All or selected on-ramps Data collection method for on-ramps Data collection method for on-ramps Video: time-consuming for total delay Video: time-consuming for total delay