IEEE 802.21 MEDIA INDEPENDENT HANDOVER DCN: 21-06-0770-00-0000 Title: Presentation on CALM Date Submitted: September, 2006 Presented at IEEE 802.21 session #16 Melbourne Authors or Source(s):   Dick Roy Abstract: Presentation on CALM

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CALM Architecture and Network SeVeCOM Workshop Lausanne 1-2 February 2006 CALM Architecture and Network Knut.Evensen@Q-Free.com

What is CALM?

CALM - Overall Continuous Air interface for Long and Medium distance ISO TC204/WG16 – Wide Area Communications Support user transparent continuous communications CALM is the first open way to combine GPRS with vehicle-optimized WLAN technology. - NOT a complicated collection of new, unproven radio technologies

CALM Communication Scenarios RSE 5.8GHz DSRC vehicle-to-vehicle * (CALM 5 or 60 GHz) portable-to- vehicle RSE-to- RSE * Hot-Spot (WiFi) Satellite Broadcast GPS/GALILEO Terrestrial 2G/3G WiMAX CALM M5 WAVE * CALM IR *

CALM Applications Major push in safety – Vehicle Safety Communication Support of Internet services Support of traditional ITS apps – media independent through DSRC L7 New generation of applications: Major push in safety – Vehicle Safety Communication New commercial applications made possible by high data rate & long range.

Services defined for 5 GHz medium - 1 CVO - Tractor-Trailer Interface CVO - Rollover Warning CVO - Electronic Border Clearance CVO - Weigh Station Bypass Clearance CVO - CVO Fleet Management CVO - Onboard Safety Data Transfer CVO - Tractor-Trailer Matching CVO - Transit Vehicle Data Transfer CVO - Vehicle Safety Inspection CVO - Drivers Daily Log OTHER SERVICES - Probe Data Collection OTHER SERVICES - Access Control OTHER SERVICES – Vehicle Manufacturer Info PAYMENTS - Toll Collection PAYMENTS - ITS Service Payment PAYMENTS - Other ePayments PAYMENTS - Rental Car Processing PAYMENTS - Parking Payment PAYMENTS - Food Payment PAYMENTS - Fuel Payment SAFETY - Vehicle-to-vehicle Data Transfer SAFETY – Highway-Rail Intersection Warning Traffic Information - Audio Transfer - Streaming Traffic Information - Map Updates Traffic Information - Mobile Internet Traffic Information - Traffic Data Traffic Information - Traveller Information Traffic Information - Vehicle Registration (EVI) Traffic Information - Transit Vehicle Priority Traffic Information - Diagnostic Data Transfer Traffic Information - Video Transfer - Block Traffic Information - Audio Transfer - Block Traffic Information - Video Transfer - Streaming Traffic Information - Repair Service Record Traffic Information - Vehicle Software Updates VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Approaching Emergency Vehicle Warning VSC - OBU-to-RSU - Emergency Vehicle Signal Pre-emption VSC - OBU-to-RSU - Intersection Emergency Vehicle Approaching VSC - RSU to OBU - Emergency Scene Data Networking VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Emergency Scene Data Networking VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Cooperative Collision Warning

Services defined for 5 GHz medium - 2 VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Pre-crash Sensing VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Intersection Collision Warning VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Enhanced Differential GPS Corrections VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Highway/Rail Collision Warning VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Vehicle-based Road Condition Warning VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Road Feature Notification VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Curve Speed Warning VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Visibility Enhancer VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Electronic Brake Lights VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Hybrid Intersection Collision Warning VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Instant (Problem) Messaging VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Blind Merge Warning VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Post-Crash Warning VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Merge Assistant VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Lane Change Assistant VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Left Turn Assistant VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Stop Sign Movement Assistant VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Cooperative Glare Reduction VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Blind Spot Warning VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Platooning VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control VSC - OBU-to-RSU - Infrastructure-based Traffic Probes VSC - OBU-to-RSU - SOS Services VSC - OBU-to-RSU - Post-Crash Warning VSC - OBU-to-RSU - Just-in-Time Repair Notification VSC - OBU-to-RSU - Intelligent On-ramp Metering VSC - OBU-to-RSU - Intelligent Traffic Lights VSC - OBU-to-RSU - Blind Merge Warning VSC - RSU to OBU - Map Downloads and Updates VSC - RSU to OBU - Enhanced Route Guidance and Navigation VSC - RSU to OBU - GPS Corrections VSC - RSU to OBU - Adaptive Headlight Aiming VSC - RSU to OBU - Adaptive Drivetrain Management VSC - RSU to OBU - Merge Assistant VSC - RSU to OBU - Sign Information (warning assistance) VSC - RSU to OBU - Point-of-Interest Notification VSC - RSU to OBU - Curve Speed Warning VSC - RSU to OBU - Highway/Rail Collision Warning VSC - RSU to OBU - Animal Crossing Zone Information VSC - RSU to OBU - Low Bridge Warning VSC - RSU to OBU - Work Zone Warning VSC - RSU to OBU - Stop Sign Warning VSC - RSU to OBU - Keep Clear' Warning VSC - RSU to OBU - Wrong-way Driver Warning VSC - RSU to OBU - Left Turn Assistant VSC - RSU to OBU - Infrastructure Intersection Collision Warning VSC - RSU to OBU - Pedestrian Crossing Information VSC - RSU to OBU - Pedestrian/Children Warning VSC - RSU to OBU - School Zone Warning VSC - RSU to OBU - Stop Sign Movement Assistance VSC - RSU to OBU - Traffic Signal Warning VSC - RSU to OBU - Low Parking Structure Warning

TC204/WG16 Co-operation IEEE 802.11p and P1609 – Wireless Access in the Vehicular Environment (WAVE) - Co-operation agreement with WG16 ETSI ERM TG37 – 2G/3G standards, spectrum and test standards,… IETF – Internet Network Mobility (NEMO) ITU-R WP 8A – Global radio standards USA projects: VSCC and VII Japan projects: CALM Proof-Of-Concept,… Europe projects: C2C-CC, CVIS, SafeSpot,…

What is CALM? Technically!

CALM classic architecture ISO TC204 ITS APPLICATIONS IPv6 layer TCP UDP Service QoS Interface Selection Handover Stream & Realtime Protocols ISO DSRC L7 HTTP/ SMTP MAC 802.11p WAVE Init Hnd- ovr Secur 2G/3G GSM GPS/Galileo L2/UDP …

CALM System Architecture (21217) (Rev. Geneva) CME CALM Manager ISO 21210 CME Registration of Ingress/Egress Interfaces Application Management ISO 24101 Non-CALM-aware ISO 15628-based APPLICATIONS Non-CALM-aware IP (Internet) APPLICATIONS CALM-Aware APPLICATIONS SAP SAP SAP SAP SAP SAP Convergence Layer Part of ISO 15628 ISO 21210 Convergence Layer IP socket/ ISO 21210 TCP/UDP/… INTERNET STANDARDS SAP SAP SAP SAP SAP SAP NME Network Manager ISO 21210 NETWORK INTERFACE Routing and Media Switching based on IPv6 ISO 21210 SAP SAP … GPRS EDGE 2G Cell Manager ISO 21212 ISO 21218 SAP SAP … cdma2k UMTS 3G Cell Manager ISO 21213 ISO 21218 SAP … IR-B IR-A ISO 21214 IR Manager ISO 21218 … WiFi M5 ISO 21215 W-LAN Manager SAP ISO 21218 RADAR MM-J MM-E ISO 21216 Millimeter Manager SAP ISO 21218 K-DSRC J-DSRC C-DSRC DSRC ISO15628 ISO 24103 SAP … HC-SDMA WiMAX ISO 24xxx W-MAN Manager SAP ISO 21218 … DAB GPS ISO 24xxx Broadcast Manager SAP ISO 21218 … W-USB BlueT ISO 24xxx PAN Manager SAP ISO 21218 Ether AMIC CAN ISO 24xxx Wired Manager SAP ISO 21218 IME Interface Manager ISO 24102 ISO 21218 SAP CALM Media External Media CALM Network 21218 = LSAP Applications Data SAP Management SAP SAP SAP

CVIS β + γ Vehicle Architecture OEM G/W Real-time Applications CALM Network Layer C2C Switch Layer Sensors, HMI and Control Firewall In-Vehicle App Ethernet RT Link IVN DLL IVN DLL Ethernet IVN PHY IVN PHY Ref pt In-vehicle OEM networks CAN/VAN/MOST/AMI-C.. ITS In-Vehicle Network 100baseT Ethernet Real-time Applications CVIS Integrated Mobile Router Nomadic device Gateway CME. Router IME. NME. CALM Routing Comms gateway Network Network DSRC L1 DSRC L2/L7 DSRC Convergence Network GPRS PHY GPRS Stack GPRS Convergence Network GPS PHY GPS Stack GPS Convergence Network C2C-CC Fast Net Ethernet CALM LLC CALM MAC Blue- tooth Ethernet CALM M5 PHY Blue- tooth Combined Antenna Pod

Communication Scenarios CALM defines 5 communication scenarios: 0 – V2I Non-IPv6 communications 1 – V2I/V2V Local IPv6 2 – V2I MIPv6 3 – V2I NEMO 4 – V2V Non-IPv6

CALM M5: C2C-CC & WAVE IP Applications (Deployment) Geoaddressed applications (e.g. active safety) IP Applications (Deployment) WAVE Short Message Apps TCP / UDP WSMP IPv6 B C2C-CC Network Layer C A B LLC/MAC (IEEE 802.11p) C2C MAC P1609.4 PHY (IEEE 802.11p)

How to get more info ISO TC204/WG16 Convenor: T. Russell Shields TRS@ygomi.com ISO TC204/SG16.0 Convenor: Knut Evensen knut.evensen@q-free.com ISO TC204/SG16.1 Convenor: Bob Williams bw_csi@compuserve.com WWW.CALM.HU

Example: Full Vehicle Architecture Central Router Computer Computer Firewall Directory services CME .CM ITS Application INTERNET SERVICE SAP CALM Network Layer 3-4 Routing Sensors and Control Layer 5-7 Layer 5-7 OEM G/W NME .CM SAP SAP CALM Network Layer 3-4 CALM Network Layer 3-4 Network In-Vehicle App IVN DLL Convergence IVN DLL Convergence IME .CM Convergence IVN DLL IVN DLL IVN DLL IVN DLL IVN DLL IVN PHY IVN PHY IVN PHY IVN PHY IVN PHY IVN PHY IVN PHY In-vehicle OEM network ITS In-Vehicle Network CALM MR 1 CALM MR 2 CME .MR1 CME .MR2 Routing CALM Network Network Layer 3-4 Network Layer 3-4 CALM Network SAP Convergenc N-Layer NME. MR1 SAP Routing NME .MR2 CALM LLC IVN DLL Convergence CELL Netw IVN DLL SAP IME.MR1 MLME PLCP/ PLME CALM MAC IME .MR2 CELL DLL SAP CALM M5 PHY IVN PHY Cellular PHY IVN PHY

Application Requirmt List CALM Manager Interface Protocol Application Policies User Interface Routes Interface Status List Application Requirmt List

5 GHz Spectrum (not exact!) Europe HiperLAN BRAN Japan ”j-band” North Ameri U-NII U-NII - New Old ISM band ISM CALM M5 WAVE? Configurable or regionally fixed part Dedicated ITS (DSRC) Requested : Global ITS Safety allocation 5.85-5.925

What is CALM M5?

US DSRC (WAVE) WAVE is IEEE 802.11p Wireless Access for Vehicles - as required by US DoT/VSCC/VII/… WAVE is optimised for US channel plan WAVE protocols are optimised for current single-radio technology. No GSM or other technology is included.

CALM M5 Global (European) 5 GHz spectrum CALM M5 incorporate WAVE and adds: Global (European) 5 GHz spectrum Regulatory domain (border) management Directivity and EMC control CEN DSRC co-operation Multiple radio/interface/antenna management GPRS/UMTS network interconnectivity

“CVIS” Co-operative Vehicle-Infrastructure Systems Integrated Project proposal IST Programme (6th FW) RTD Priority “Cooperative Systems”

CVIS in brief 13 SMEs 12 countries 63 Partners 4 years’ duration Project budget €41m

CVIS Project Overview

CVIS Host Layers Apps Services & Middleware Platform Core Functions CALM Manager FOAM HMI Security Vehicle API Mntg Agent COMMS server Operating System and Hardware CALM CVIS RT apps COMO POMA Mapping server (native) JVM Runtime environment (OSGi) CVIS app1 app2 app3 COMO Probe Data app client app Apps Services & Middleware Platform Core Functions

CVIS Vehicle Configuration Computer Router Antenna OEM Gateway PDA antenna

Full CVIS Scenario WLAN DSRC IR GSM WiMAX Control Centre Roadside Ant Computer Router Antenna OEM Gateway PDA antenna Internet CVIS Roadside Suitcase Roadside Comp VMS Light Loop Traffic Light Ant FOAM Apps Service GSM WiMAX Control Centre WLAN DSRC IR Full CVIS Scenario

CVIS applications XFCD, fusion with infrastructure sensors Cooperative Monitoring XFCD, fusion with infrastructure sensors Urban Cooperative network management Cooperative area destination-based control Cooperative acceleration/deceleration Dynamic bus lanes Interurban Enhanced driver awareness Cooperative travellers' assistance Freight and Fleet Access control Dangerous goods Parking booking • Cooperative network management - optimum area traffic management by using vehicle/driver destination and other characteristics, and individualised route guidance. • Cooperative area routing - intersection controllers signal momentary disturbances in traffic flow in their area of control, and give individual, destination-based and appropriate rerouting advice to approaching vehicles. • Cooperative local traffic control - enhanced local intersection traffic control that cooperates with the approaching vehicles, gives control and traffic state related information to the driver and supports and creates green waves through speed recommendations (profiles) for the drivers and data exchange with neighbouring intersections. • Enhanced Driver Awareness (EDA) – Inform vehicle drivers directly by communication from the roadside about relevant aspects of the dynamic traffic situation, current speed regulations, and road and weather conditions in their immediate vicinity • Cooperative Travellers’ Assistance (CTA) – Give drivers personalised information about the evolving road network conditions downstream on the road network • Cooperative Road-Charging (C-Charge) – Develop new methods for efficient use of the road network by flexible charging for its use. Cooperative road charging will develop from the basis of existing road charging mechanisms (stop-and-go, DSRC based) to a dynamic, interactive and cooperative way of charging.

CVIS vs. SeVeCOM Co-operation on security aspects CVIS needs Co-operation on security aspects Optimisation of IEEE P1609.2 for Europe An open-source implementation that would fit in with optimised 1609.2 and/or GST / OSGi CVIS offers Co-operation on standardisation efforts of ISO and IEEE Access to relevant parts of CVIS platform Potential co-operation on testing and validating cryptographic solutions

Cooperative Intelligent Transportation System Initiative European Commission presented by A. Schalk H.-J. Fischer ISO TC204 WG16-Workshop Shenzhen 2006-09-15

Cooperative Systems Development Coordinator: ERTICO Total budget: € 41 Million EC contribution: € 22 Million Consortium: 61 partners - 12 countries Core Technologies Coordinator: Fiat Research Centre Total budget: € 38 Million EC contribution: € 20,5 Million Consortium: 51 partners - 12 countries Car<->Car Coordinator: AustriaTech Total budget: € 16,8 Million EC contribution: € 9,6 Million Consortium: 37 partners - 14 countries Car<->Infrastructure Cooperation links to: SISTER (EC-Proposal), SEVECOM, COMeSafety Car-2-Car Communications Consortium (C2C-CC), Network on Wheels (NoW), INVENT ACTIV (Germany), CVHS (UK), IVSS (Sweden)

EC-Projects Overview COOPERS CVIS SafeSpot SISTER Proposal GPS, Galileo Terrestrial Broadcast RDS, DAB Sat-Comm GSM-GPRS UMTS WiMAX Beacon CALM-M5 CALM-IR CEN-DSRC Hot-Spot (Wireless LAN) Broadcast Transmitter Variable Message Sign Info-Broadcaster Vehicle-to-Vehicle (M5, IR, MM) COOPERS CVIS SafeSpot SISTER Proposal

Cooperative technical subsystems Roadside System Internet VMS Ant Tunneled IPv6 Roadside Gateway Access Router Roadside Host Border Router SENS Ctrl Vehicle System Central System Antenna Service Centre Internet Gate- way Central Host Border Router Gate- way Central Host Border Router Mobile Router (MNN) Vehicle Host Home Agent Vehicle Gateway Authority Databases Ctrl Ctrl Control Centre SENS Gate- way Central Host Border Router SENS 36

CVIS Platform is intended to be (re)used in all relevant European Project Will be based on Open Software/Open Design as far as possible Designed as a very flexible R&D meta-platform rather than a commercial product Still open for requirements – but the window is closing fast! Will provide feedback to ISO TC204-WG16 CVIS invites interested parties to take contact CVIS Chief Architect: knut.evensen@q-free.com CVIS Integration Manager: a.schalk@efkon.com

CVIS Router Platform Layers Antenna (Roof Layer) Rooftop Antenna IR M5 + DSRC GPS/ Galileo 2G/3G IR Media HW Advanced Routing COMM Manager CALM SW Extensions Media plug-in Manager Platform Core Functions Standard Automotive PC Hardware + RT Linux 38

CVIS Host Platform Layers Park Booking Smart Access Dang. Goods Cooperative Driving Cooperative Guidance Real-time apps Apps FOAM HMI Security Vehicle API Mntg Agent COMO server POMA Mapping server CALM Manager Services Runtime environment (OSGi) Middleware (native) JVM Platform Core Functions Operating System and Hardware 39

CVIS sub-project COMM time line CAG CAG CAG CAG -developments - integration  - car & roadside integration GSM/GPRS CALM M5 & DSRC IR GSM/GPRS CALM M5 & DSRC IR GSM/GPRS CALM M5 & DSRC IR Acceptance testing without applications ETSI ? Acceptance testing with applications ETSI ? Acceptance testing Acceptance testing Car & roadside ETSI ? Router platform Router platform Router platform Host platform  test bed  test bed  test bed +18 +25 ? +28 +33 Validation plan VALIDATION

Thank you! Contact: a.schalk@efkon.com knut.evensen@q-free.com h.-j.fischer@fischer-tech.de References: www.iso.org www.calm.hu www.ertico.org www.efkon.com www.q-free.com www.tc204WG16.de