1. ISO TC204 CALM Status presented to IEEE 802.11
IEEE / k
September 2003
September 2003
ISO TC204 CALM Status presented to IEEE
18 September 2003
Presenter: Knut Evensen
Q-Free
Knut Evensen, Q-Free
Knut Evensen, Q-Free

2. What is DSRC? Dedicated Short Range Communication
September 2003
Dedicated Short Range Communication
Dedicated = Developed for ITS
Short-Range = 1 – 40 meters, typ 8-10 m
2W EIRP ASK downlink (roadside – vehicle)
50mW DPSK reflected uplink (veh – roadside)
Passive mixing reflector – no RF generated in vehicle
Knut Evensen, Q-Free

3. Selection of parameters Inter-layer management DSRC Profiles (EN13372)
September 2003
ETC Application
(ISO14906)
Data/Attributes
ETC functions
Selection of parameters
Inter-layer management
DSRC Profiles (EN13372)
DSRC Application Layer 7 (EN12834)
Initialisation
Data Transfer
DSRC Data Link Layer 2 (EN12795)
Logical Link Control
Medium Access Control
Frequency Spectrum
Interference levels
Modulation ++
DSRC Physical Layer 1 (EN12253)
Knut Evensen, Q-Free

4. ETSI ERM TG37 A new Topic Group dedicated to ITS communication
September 2003
ETSI ERM TG37
A new Topic Group dedicated to ITS communication
Very good relation to CALM
Chairman is Bob Williams
TG37 will look at:
Spectrum matters 5-6 GHz for Europe
Cellular convergence standards
Testing and formal protocol verification
Please see ERM forum – TG37
Knut Evensen, Q-Free

5. ISO TC204 WG16 Wide Area Communication
September 2003
ISO TC204 WG16 Wide Area Communication
WG 16
R. Shields
SWG 16.0
Architecture
K. Evensen
SWG 16.1
CALM
B. Williams
SWG 16.2
Networking
H. Wakayama
SWG 16.3
Probe
T. Kishi
CALM Architect.
CALM Network
CALM M5
CALM 60GHz
CALM Cellular
CALM IR
Knut Evensen, Q-Free

6. CALM - Overall Continuous Air interface for Long and Medium distance
September 2003
CALM - Overall
Continuous Air interface for Long and Medium distance
Support continuous communications
Support master/slave and peer-peer modes
Support user transparent networking
Support handover spanning multiple media, media providers and beacons
Very ambitious timescale – ISO test-case for fast development
Knut Evensen, Q-Free

7. September 2003
CALM Applications
Support of Internet services – invisible handover –(mostly) media independent
Support of traditional ITS apps – media independent through DSRC L7
New generation of applications:
Major push in safety – Vehicle Safety Communication
New commercial applications made possible by high data rate & long range.
Knut Evensen, Q-Free

8. September 2003
CALM -IETF
A very good liaison to the Internet Engineering Task Force has been set up
Main support from experts at Keio university T. ERNST /K. UEHARA
CALM concept is forwarded to IETF to make various groups aware of mobility requirements
IETF NEMO (Network Mobility) group is closely following CALM. Will be the contact point to IETF
Knut Evensen, Q-Free

9. September 2003
NEMO Concept
Knut Evensen, Q-Free

10. CALM classic architecture
ISO TC204
ITS APPLICATIONS
IPv6 layer
TCP
UDP
Media
Selection
Network
Switching
Roaming
Control
QoS
Stream &
Realtime
Protocols
ISO
DSRC L7
HTTP/
SMTP
MAC
5 GHz
Init
Hnd-
ovr
Secur
2.5G
Cellular
UMTS 3G
L2/UDP

11. CALM Element Architecture
IEEE / k
September 2003
CALM Element Architecture
Non-CALM-aware
Point-to-point
APPLICATIONS
Non-CALM-aware
IP (Internet)
APPLICATIONS
CALM-aware
APPLICATIONS
Basic (16.2)
Basic (16.1)
CME
Convergence Layer
ISO 15628/ ISO
Convergence Layer
Socket Mngr
Optional (16.2)
TCP/UDP/ICMP
Out of Focus
NME
IPv6
Global Multicast
RSVP
(optional)
Differentiated
Service (Diffserv)
NEMO
(internet-draft)
IPSec
(RFC2401,
2402,2406)
IP Firewall
(optional)
Routing
Static
conf.
Static
conf.
Static
conf.
Neighbor Discovery Protocol (NDP)
Discussion on IVN –
We agree that the SAP between the bottom of the network layer and the top of the In-Vehicle network is the same as the SAP to any CALM Media (LLC/MAC/PHY).
DHCP
PPPoE
Optional
ROHC
DHCP
PPPoE
Optional
ROHC
DHCP
PPPoE
Optional
ROHC
HDLC
(PPP)
ROHC
HDLC(PPP)
DHCP/SLAAC/…
Common
LLC/MAC/
PHY
Management
M5 MAC
M5 PHY
M5 LLC
CALM
Mngr M5
IR MAC
IR PHY
IR LLC
CALM
Mngr IR
MM MAC
MM PHY
MM LLC
CALM
Mngr MM
2G MAC
2G PHY
2G LLC
CALM
Mngr 2G
3G MAC
3G PHY
3G LLC
CALM
Mngr 3G
Convergence Layer
LLC
MAC
PHY
Egress Interfaces
Ingress Interfaces
(In-Vehicle IP Interfaces)
Knut Evensen, Q-Free

12. CALM Vehicle Architecture 1
OBE device
OBE device
Directory
services
Firewall
CME
ITS Application
INTERNET
SERVICE
CALM Network
Layer 3-4
Routing
Sensors
and Control
Layer 5-7
Layer 5-7
OEM G/W
SAP
SAP
CALM Network
Layer 3-4
CALM Network Layer 3-4
Network
In-Vehicle App
IVN DLL
Convergence
IVN DLL
Convergence
Convergence
IVN DLL
IVN DLL
IVN DLL
IVN DLL
IVN DLL
IVN PHY
IVN PHY
IVN PHY
IVN PHY
IVN PHY
IVN PHY
IVN PHY
In-vehicle OEM network
ITS In-Vehicle Network
CME
.OBU
CME .OBU
CALM Network
Layer 3-4
CALM Network
Layer 3-4
CALM OBU
Routing
SAP
Network
Layer 3-4
Network
Layer 3-4
SAP
SAP
Convergenc
N-Layer
NME
SAP
Routing
NME
SAP
CALM LLC
IVN DLL
Convergence
CELL Netw
IVN DLL
SAP
MLME
PLCP/
PLME
CALM MAC
CELL DLL
SAP
CALM M5 PHY
IVN PHY
Cellular PHY
IVN PHY

13. Implementation Architecture - Example
CME
RESOURCE MANAGER, ISO14906
ITS INTERNET
APPLICATION
Vehicle- Vehicle
Apllication
Application Interface ISO15628
Socket TCP/UDP
PACKET
HOP
(RUDP)
VEHICLE
COMPUTER
CALM NETWORK LAYER – FMIPv6
CALM Routing
IN-VEHICLE NETWORK DATA LINK LAYER
IN-VEHICLE NETWORK PHYSICAL LAYER
ITS In-Vehicle Network
CALM OBU
CME.
OBU
MLME
PLCP/
PLME
NME
CALM Routing
Network
IVN DLL
IVN PHY
CALM M5 PHY
CALM MAC
CALM LLC
Network
GPRS PHY
GPRS Stack
GPRS Convergence
Network
DSRC L1
DSRC L2/L7
DSRC Convergence
Network
GPS PHY
GPS Stack
GPS Convergence
Network
Combined Antenna Pod

14. Vehicle - Infrastructure
September 2003
Vehicle - Infrastructure
Vehicle Computer
CALM BASE STATION
Infrastruct Server
CME .OBU
CALM OBU
CME .BS
ITS Applications
ITS Applications
Routing
Routing
SAP
Network
Network
SAP
Network
Network
CME .VC and
NME
CALM Network
CALM Network
NME
SAP
NME
CME .IS and
NME
SAP
IVN DLL
CALM LLC
CALM LLC
Fixed
network
DLL
IVN DLL
Fixed
network
DLL
SAP
SAP
MLME
PLCP/
PLME
CALM MAC
MLME
PLCP/
PLME
CALM MAC
SAP
SAP
IVN PHY
IVN PHY
M5 PHY
M5 PHY
Fixed net
PHY
Fixed net
PHY
Knut Evensen, Q-Free

15. Vehicle - Vehicle September 2003 Vehicle Computer CALM OBU
CME .OBU
CALM OBU
CME .OBU
V-V Applications
V-V Applications
Routing
Routing
SAP
Network
Network
SAP
Network
Network
CME .VC and
NME
CALM Network
CALM Network
NME
SAP
NME
CME .VC and
NME
SAP
IVN DLL
CALM LLC
CALM LLC
IVN DLL
IVN DLL
IVN DLL
SAP
SAP
MLME
PLCP/
PLME
CALM MAC
MLME
PLCP/
PLME
CALM MAC
SAP
SAP
IVN PHY
IVN PHY
M5 PHY
M5 PHY
IVN PHY
IVN PHY
Knut Evensen, Q-Free

16. Infrastructure Architecture - exampleHA
Corresponding
Node
Home Domain
Internet
Domain C
Domain A
Domain B
BASE STATION
(Access Point
or RSU)
Vehicle - OBU

17. Total Addressing Context
September 2003
OBU + Vehicle Computer
Based on
CD15662
Apps
CALM
Non-aware
Internet
Apps
(CALM aware)
Profile
CME
Application Services IEEE P1609.2
Internet
Standard
L5-L7
IPv6 header
NME
Routing & Media Switching
Service Center
(Back office computer)
Common
Station
Mngr
M5 L1-L2 (ASTM E2213)
2.5/3G
L1-L2
Home Agent
CME
NME
Local Network
(L1-L3)
CME
Apps
CALM
Non-aware
Internet
Apps
(CALM aware)
Road side server
Road side server
ISO15628
Internet
Standard
CME
Apps CALM
Non-aware
NME
Local Network
(L1-L3)
Internet
Convergence Layer
of ISO15628
IPv6 Routing
IPv6 Routing
M5 BS
Local
Network
(L1-L2)
2.5/3G BS
Local
Network
(L1-L2)
ROHC
2.5/3G LLC
M5　LLC
M5 MAC
Extension
2.5/3G MAC
CSM
CSM
M5　MAC
2.5/3G PHY
M5　PHY
Knut Evensen, Q-Free

18. (Back office computer)
Link Options
September 2003
OBU + Vehicle Computer
Apps
CALM
Non-aware
Internet
Apps
(CALM aware)
CME
Application Services IEEE P1609.2
Internet
Standard
L5-L7
NME
Routing & Media Switching
Service Center
(Back office computer)
Common
Station
Mngr
M5 L1-L2 (ASTM E2213)
2.5/3G
L1-L2
Home Agent
CME
NME
Local Network
(L1-L3)
CME
Apps
CALM
Non-aware
Internet
Apps
(CALM aware)
Road side server
Road side server
ISO15628
Internet
Standard
CME
Apps CALM
Non-aware
NME
Local Network
(L1-L3)
Internet
Convergence Layer
of ISO15628
IPv6 Routing
IPv6 Routing
M5 BS
Local
Network
(L1-L2)
2.5/3G BS
Local
Network
(L1-L2)
ROHC
2.5/3G LLC
M5　LLC
M5 MAC
Extension
2.5/3G MAC
CSM
CSM
M5　MAC
2.5/3G PHY
M5　PHY
Knut Evensen, Q-Free

19. 5.Three types of Communication Scenarios
2) NAPT with MIP HA CN
Internet
3) MIP with NEMO
1) Local
Communication
(DSRC type comm.) AP
LFN: Local Fixed Node
MR: Mobile Router
AP: Access Point
HA: Home Agent
CN: Correspondent Node
MIP: Mobile IP
NAPT: Network Address Port Translation
NEMO: Network MObility MR
CFA　Approach？
LFN
LFN
LFN

20. Extract ISO-approved M5 scope:
September 2003
Extract ISO-approved M5 scope:
CALM-M5 ISO :Medium and long range, high speed, air interface parameters and protocols for broadcast, point-point, vehicle-vehicle, and vehicle-point communications in the ITS Sector using MICROWAVE COMMUNICATIONS at 5 GHz, including specifications for Master/Slave and Peer to Peer Communications.
The work item will specify the required communication architecture, interfaces, parameters and protocols for the
Physical Layer
Data Link Layer: Medium Access Control (MAC) and Logical Link Control (LLC)
Wherever practicable, this Standard will be developed by reference to suitable extant Standards, adopted by selection. Required regional variations will be provided.
Due account will be given to, and use made of, any relevant parts of appropriate communications systems, such as Global Positioning Systems (GPS), Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB), Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB), Digital Data Broadcasting (DDB), TETRA, Mobile Broadband Systems (MBS, W-ATM), WLANs, Internet Protocols, and of course, DSRC.
Knut Evensen, Q-Free

21. Scope of CALM M5 The standard:
September 2003
Scope of CALM M5
The standard:
shall use microwaves in the 5 GHz band as the transmission medium between (moving or stationary) vehicles and a roadside communications-infrastructure or other (moving or stationary) vehicles;
shall minimise harmful interference with standardised regional radio unit in this spectrum, e.g. no harmful cross-interference with regional DSRC standards;
Knut Evensen, Q-Free

22. Scope of CALM M5 The Standard:
September 2003
Scope of CALM M5
The Standard:
shall support vehicle speeds to a minimum of 200km/h;
shall define or reference environmental parameters relevant to link operation;
shall support latencies and communication delays in the order of milliseconds;
shall be adaptable to regional/national regulatory parameters;
may support other regional/national parameters as applicable.
Knut Evensen, Q-Free

23. 5 GHz Band Spectrum Europe Japan North Ameri ISM band CALM M5
September 2003
5 GHz Band Spectrum
Europe
Japan
North Ameri
ISM band
CALM M5
Unlicen. W-LAN
Partly available regionally: ISM +
shared unlicenced
Requested from ITU: Global ITS Safety allocation
Dedicated ITS (DSRC)
Knut Evensen, Q-Free

24. Spectrum M5 For global use, the OBUs shall:
September 2003
Spectrum M5
For global use, the OBUs shall:
Be capable of operating within the range of 5.15 GHz to GHz
Support both 10 and 20 MHz channels
Support accurate transmit power control
RSUs will operate on the regionally allocated frequencies.
Knut Evensen, Q-Free

25. Global M5 spectrum config.
September 2003
Global M5 spectrum config.
The mobile unit (OBU) shall be configurable when moving between regulatory areas
The OBU shall not start operation until an authorised source (e.g. fixed, licensed RSU) has provided profile information.
Profiles may be autonomously initiated if the OBU can ascertain its position.
Knut Evensen, Q-Free

26. September 2003
M5 Access Methods
National regulatory bodies can place limitations on channel utilisation and maximum channel usage on a per channel basis, and the unit shall be configurable / programmable to operate within these limitations.
Knut Evensen, Q-Free

27. September 2003
M5 Directivity
CALM M5 include omni-directional as well as directive patterns.
The standard allow control of multi-sector directed antenna elements.
The standard allow simultaneous operation on multiple channels in the same or different directions.
Knut Evensen, Q-Free

28. A liaison (formal?) to IEEE 802.11!
September 2003
Conclusion
CALM M5 - likely candidate for the next high-volume ITS communication medium
The public safety applications requires global spectrum allocations.
A liaison (formal?) to IEEE !
Knut Evensen, Q-Free