Effect of electric current on human body

What is electric current?

What is making particles to move?

Where can we meet with electric current?

What are AC and DC?

Electric current in human body heart heart muscles muscles brain brain threshold of perception threshold of perception let-go current let-go current ventricular fibrillation (pacemaker with defibrillaror) ventricular fibrillation (pacemaker with defibrillaror)

Why AC is more danger than DC?

How can we calculate the value of the current flowing through any circuit?

I = U/R

Body resistance in ohms/cm2 in ohms/cm2 resistance of dry, well-keratinized, intact skin averages 20,000 to 30,000 ohms/cm2 resistance of dry, well-keratinized, intact skin averages 20,000 to 30,000 ohms/cm2 for a thickly calloused palm or sole, it may be 2 to 3 million ohms/cm2 for a thickly calloused palm or sole, it may be 2 to 3 million ohms/cm2 resistance of moist, thin skin is about 500 ohms/cm2 resistance of moist, thin skin is about 500 ohms/cm2 if the skin is punctured (e.g., from a cut or abrasion or by a needle) or if current is applied to moist mucous membranes (e.g., mouth, rectum, vagina), resistance may be as low as 200 to 300 if the skin is punctured (e.g., from a cut or abrasion or by a needle) or if current is applied to moist mucous membranes (e.g., mouth, rectum, vagina), resistance may be as low as 200 to 300

What about the heat effects of electric current?

heat = amperage 2 × resistance × time Q = I 2. R. t

Symptoms and signs depend on the pathway of electric current depend on the pathway of electric current from arm to arm from arm to arm from arm to foot from arm to foot conduction between legs or leg and the ground conduction between legs or leg and the ground electrical injuries to the head electrical injuries to the head in Czech republic in half of electric injuries at home children under 5 y are insulted in Czech republic in half of electric injuries at home children under 5 y are insulted high voltage vs. low voltage injuries (special category  bathtub accidents) high voltage vs. low voltage injuries (special category  bathtub accidents)

Ligthning injury Neuropsychologic damage, pain syndromes, and sympathetic nervous system damage are the most common long-term sequelae. Neuropsychologic damage, pain syndromes, and sympathetic nervous system damage are the most common long-term sequelae. Cardiopulmonary arrest is the most common cause of death. Cardiopulmonary arrest is the most common cause of death.

Hypotension, fluid and electrolyte disturbances, and severe myoglobinuria may cause acute renal failure. Dislocations, vertebral or other fractures, blunt injuries, and loss of consciousness may result from powerful muscle contractions or falls secondary to the electric shock (eg, electricity can startle a person, causing a fall).

Treatment separating the patient from the current source separating the patient from the current source rapid cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ABC) rapid cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ABC) care in hospital care in hospital

Baseline assessment for all electric injuries ECG ECG cardiac enzymes cardiac enzymes urinalysis, especially for myoglobin urinalysis, especially for myoglobin cardiac monitoring for 12 h cardiac monitoring for 12 h CT or MRI scan to rule out intracranial hemorrhage. CT or MRI scan to rule out intracranial hemorrhage.

If myoglobinuria is present, fluid replacement and alkalinization therapy is essential to reduce the risk of renal tubular myoglobin precipitation.Mannitol or furosemide may be indicated to increase renal flow

Victims of lightning injuries Fluid restriction is the rule because of potential brain edema.

Prevention respect in dealing with electricity respect in dealing with electricity proper design, installation and maintenance of all electric devices proper design, installation and maintenance of all electric devices education and care about children education and care about children