HPAI in Indonesia Dr. Elly Sawitri Siregar Coordinator, HPAI Campaign Management Unit Directorate of Animal Health DGLS, MoA H5N1 HIGHLY PATHOGENIC AVIAN INFLUENZA IN INDONESIA: CURRENT SITUATION FAO Rome, June 2007

Overview  Background  Current HPAI situation  National Strategic Plan for Control  An accelerated approach  Problems encountered

Poultry Numbers Total Population1.5 billion Standing population600m –Village chicken300m (~600m annually) –Layer100m –Broiler175m (>1b annually) –Duck 35m (plus others – quail, pigeon, goose…) Source : Statistik Peternakan (2005)

HPAI Disease Situation First identified in late /33 provinces have confirmed cases (243/444 districts) HPAI incidence varies across the country –Endemic in Java, Sumatra and S Sulawesi –Lower incidence in eastern provinces –Both commercial and village poultry –Chickens, quails and ducks affected Human AI cases since 15 June 2005 –80 fatalities from 100 cases (16 June 07) –Concentrated around Jakarta and western Java

HPAI detections by district January - March 2007 HPAI was detected in 122 districts (of 444 districts) in first quarter 2007 Source: The Directorate General of Livestock Services

Location of PDS Interviews Jan-March 2007

Location of PDS Confirmed Outbreaks ( Jan-March 2007 )

National Strategic Plan ‘National Strategic Work Plan for the Progressive Control of HPAI in Animals ’ developed with FAO assistance 9 elements : 1.Campaign Management 2.Enhancement of HPAI Control 3.Surveillance and epidemiology 4.Diagnostic laboratory services 5.Animal quarantine services 6.Regulation 7.Communication 8.R & D 9.Poultry Industry Restructuring

Strategy remains valid Good progress has been made, particularly - Management – Komnas, MoA, CMU, RMU, LDCC - Surveillance – PDS/R, DICs, Prov/District Livestock Services, Universities – (PDS/R integrated with DSO/MoH - establishment phase) - Laboratories – real time PCR at DICs and RIVS - Communications – coherent programmes, AI village cadre But - Little evidence of HPAI incidence being reduced - Ongoing human exposure and cases - Ongoing impact on people, communities, industry National Strategic Plan

Proposed: An Accelerated Control Programme A continuum –Not a change of strategy but an acceleration Core Programme –The existing programme –Continue to strengthen management, communications, surveillance and control Accelerated Programme –Aggressively attack high incidence areas (human and poultry) –Risk mitigation –Greater use of vaccination –Modify industry activity, trade patterns, behaviour Consultation on 13/14 June –General consensus from GoI and international experts –Need to refine and develop a costed operational plan –But where are the resources to implement?

#2 #3 #4 #6 #5 #7 #8 #1 PHASED IMPLEMENTATION OF AN ACCELERATED CONTROL PROGRAMME #8

Avian Influenza Cases Endemic HPAI Lower Incidence

Immediate Objectives 1.Protect free areas 2.Eliminate disease from low incidence areas 3.Reduce incidence in endemic areas

Challenges Improve quarantine and public awareness to protect free areas Increase surveillance sensitivity and effective timely response in low incidence areas –No vaccination Reduce virus transmission in endemic areas –Early detection and response –Biosecurity of markets, commercial industry, villages –Vaccination –Consistent and rigorous response to outbreaks

Constraints Large diverse poultry industry ‘Autonomy era’ Widespread and multiple poultry diseases Insufficient commitment and resources Competing priorities Lack of disease knowledge Limited understanding of biosecurity and hygiene Commercial industry autonomy Outdated legislation