An Introduction to Bioengineering at UIC B OA A Presentation by the Bioengineering Organizational Alliance UIC at the University of Illinois at Chicago UIC UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO Department of Bioengineering

UIC UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO Department of Bioengineering Outline I.What is Engineering? II.What is Bioengineering? III.Why Become a Bioengineer? IV.How Do You Become a Bioengineer? V.What is Bioengineering at UIC?

UIC UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO Department of Bioengineering What is Engineering? The Wikipedia Definition: Engineering is applying scientific knowledge and mathematics to create new and useful devices, materials, systems, and processes. “The engineer is the key figure in the material progress of the world. It is his engineering that makes a reality of the potential value of science by translating scientific knowledge into tools, resources, energy and labor to bring them into the service of man... To make contributions of this kind the engineer requires the imagination to visualize the needs of society and to appreciate what is possible as well as the technological and broad social age understanding to bring his vision to reality.” ~Sir Eric Ashby

UIC UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO Department of Bioengineering Engineering vs. Science Engineering Science Creating new things or processes using existing knowledge Need/application driven Involves design based on analytical models Design is guided by goals and constraints Results should be optimized w.r.t to design goals, and are validated by testing Results are expected to be implemented, usually requiring careful documentation Creating new knowledge using existing technology Results are expected to be published, always requiring careful documentation Results must be statistically validated Experiments are guided by results and constraints Involves experiments with one dependent variable and controls Hypothesis driven “Scientists investigate that which already is; Engineers create that which has never been” ~Albert Einstein

UIC UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO Department of Bioengineering How do you Engineer? Engineers Design Through a Reiterative Process: EngineeringDesignLoop

UIC UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO Department of Bioengineering Who needs Engineers? YouTube Founders: Chad Hurley, Steve Chen, and Jawed Karim Google Founders: Larry Page, Sergey Brin Artificial Heart: Dr. Robert Jarvik Mass Production: Henry Ford Cell Phones: Martin Cooper Programmable Computers: Konrad Zuse EVERYONE!

UIC UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO Department of Bioengineering Outline I.What is Engineering? II.What is Bioengineering? III.Why Become a Bioengineer? IV.How Do You Become a Bioengineer? V.What is Bioengineering at UIC?

UIC UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO Department of Bioengineering What is Bioengineering? Biology Meets Engineering Some Nomenclature: The term “bioengineering” is often used interchangeably with:  Biomedical Engineering - synonymous  Biological Engineering – not quite the same  Biotechnology – not the same, but overlap

UIC UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO Department of Bioengineering Bioengineering Fields Neural Engineering Rehabilitation Engineering Biomaterials Biomechanics Medical Imaging & Bio-Optics Genetic Engineering Biotransport & Drug Delivery Bioinformatics Cell & Tissue Engineering Biosensors & Electronics Bioinstrumentation Bionanotechnology

UIC UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO Department of Bioengineering Jobs in Bioengineering Industry  Designing clinical laboratories, hospitals and other health care delivery unites which emphasize the utmost importance of patient and employee safety  Teaching, managing, or consulting  Research: using engineering system techniques to aid the study of biology and behavior of man and animals.  Developing medical instruments and devices such as cardiac pacemakers and defibrillators; artificial blood vessels, kidneys, pancreas joints, arms and legs  Using computers to monitor patients during an operation in intensive care, including the sending and processing of information such as the heart’s electrical activity and rate, blood pressure, and body temperature  Designing and building noninvasive instruments for monitoring, diagnosis, and rehabilitation, including automated analysis of medical images such as x-ray or magnetic resonance images

UIC UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO Department of Bioengineering Companies in Bioengineering Industry Bioinstrumentation and Biosensors Companies that make products to measure things such as blood pressure, blood gases, EKG, EEG, electrolytes, and blood glucose.  LifeScan  Instrumentation Metrics  Electrical Geodesics, Inc.  Medtronics Medical Imaging Companies that make medical imaging equipment such as MRI, PET, ultrasound, and CAT scanners.  GE Medical Systems  Siemens  Agilent Technologies Diagnostics Companies that produce products that are used to diagnose a wide variety of medical conditions.  Baxter  Abbott Diagnostics Portable Immunoassays

UIC UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO Department of Bioengineering Companies in Bioengineering Industry Orthopedics Companies that focus on areas such as artificial joints and limbs, orthopedic braces and rehabilitation, hip replacement, and bone healing.  Biomet  Depuy  Smith and Nephew  Zimmer Implantable and Invasive Devices Companies that make products such as pacemakers, cochlear implants, retinal implants, artificial heart valves, stents, grafts, and neurological devices.  Guidant  Microvention  Thoratec Tissue and Cellular Engineering Companies that are using cells for the treatment of disease or creating products to replace and regenerate human tissue.  LifeCell  Aastrom Biosciences

UIC UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO Department of Bioengineering Outline I.What is Engineering? II.What is Bioengineering? III.Why Become a Bioengineer? IV.How Do You Become a Bioengineer? V.What is Bioengineering at UIC?

UIC UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO Department of Bioengineering Why Become a Bioengineer? Because Robocop is Awesome! Because you have a high interest in: Life Sciences & Applied Science/Technology

UIC UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO Department of Bioengineering Why Become a Bioengineer? Work on some of the coolest emerging technologies that will revolutionize our concepts of the limits of the human body and human control over nature Brain-Machine Interfaces (BMI) Monkey Controls Robot Arm with Brain (will be a movie in presentation) Monkey Controls Remote Robot Arm Artificial Retina Robo-Rat Bug-Bots Thought controlled wheelchair (will be a movie in presentation)

UIC UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO Department of Bioengineering High Salary for B.S. Of the 16,100* biomedical engineers employed nationwide, most are employed in medical equipment and supplies manufacturing. Other large employing groups include pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing, scientific and research development services, and general medical and surgical hospitals. Average Starting Salaries for Biomedical Engineers*  B.S. = $53,470  M.S.=$67,360  PhD.=$77,520  Biomedical engineer salaries for the highest 10% are more than $119,260. *Source (2010):

UIC UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO Department of Bioengineering Growing Need Bioengineers either Enter private industry with a B.S. Pursue advanced degrees then: Industry Acad/Nat.Labs Prof. School Pursue professional degrees: MD, JD, DDS, etc. GPPA U.S. Dept of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics Bioengineering acceptance rate to med school: 57% Overall acceptance rate: 44.6% American Association of Medical Colleges Why?…Growth Area

Why Bioengineering/Biomedical Engineering?

UIC UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO Department of Bioengineering Outline I.What is Engineering? II.What is Bioengineering? III.Why Become a Bioengineer? IV.How Do You Become a Bioengineer? V.What is Bioengineering at UIC?

UIC UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO Department of Bioengineering Education Bachelor’s Degree B.S. Bioengineering  ~4 year degree, completing general education requirements and essential courses in bioengineering  Expected to improve society through engineering analysis and design Master’s Degree M.S. Bioengineering  ~2 year degree, completing advanced bioengineering courses and a moderate research project  Expected to advance boundaries between engineering practice and research Doctorate’s Degree PhD Bioengineering  ~4 year degree, completing advanced bioengineering courses and a major research project ; devotion to research  Expected to identify engineering problems important to society and create new knowledge in the relevant field

UIC UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO Department of Bioengineering Education & Career Paths Bachelor’s Degree B.S. Bioengineering Master’s Degree M.S. Bioengineering MBA (Business) Doctorate’s Degree PhD Bioengineering Professional Degree M.D., O.D. (Medicine) D.D.S, D.M.D (Dentistry) D.V.M. (Veterinary) PhD (Pharmacology) J.D. (Law) Annual Salary Responsibility 4 years 6 years 8-10 years Time Spent in College Careers at All Degree Levels Government Industry Entrepreneurship $ $ $ $ HealthProfessional Academia(Professor) CareersOnly at Highest Degree Levels

UIC UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO Department of Bioengineering Outline I.What is Engineering? II.What is Bioengineering? III.Why Become a Bioengineer? IV.How Do You Become a Bioengineer? V.What is Bioengineering at UIC?

UIC UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO Department of Bioengineering UIC BioE History  Founded in 1965, the program today has grown to: 240 UGs, 50 MS, and 110 PhD.  Third in nation to be ABET Accredited.  One of first ten bioengineering programs to receive National Institutes of Health (NIH) training support.  Historically, B.S. graduates enter positions in industry (40%), professional schools, such as medical school (30%), and graduate schools (30%).  The Bioengineering Department comprises 19 full-time core faculty members with over 100 adjunct faculty working on interdisciplinary projects across the Colleges of Engineering, Medicine, Liberal Arts & Sciences, Applied Health Sciences, Dentistry, & Pharmacy, as well as from Rush, Loyola, Univ of Chicago, Northwestern.

UIC UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO Department of Bioengineering Admission Requirements College of Engineering Minimum Requirements:  Be at least 16 years of age  Be a graduate of an accredited high school or submit passing scores on the General Educational Development Test (GED)  3.5 years of Mathematics  2 years of Laboratory Science BioE Recommendation:  4 years of Mathematics and Science  Emphasis on Honors or Advanced Placement Courses  Complete the American College Test (ACT) or the College Board Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) or Scholastic Assessment Test I(SAT-I)  Present a satisfactory combination of class rank and test scores  College of Engineering Mean: ACT (composite) ; th percentile class rank

UIC UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO Department of Bioengineering Guaranteed Professional Program Admissions (GPPA) The GPPA program allows a limited number of freshmen per year to be admitted to UIC with guaranteed admission to one of several professional degree programs: Bioengineering Degree (B.S.) + MD/DDS/MS/PhD (Students need to maintain pre-set curriculum and performance criteria to maintain their guarantee) Visit the GPPA Website for more information:

UIC UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO Department of Bioengineering BioE B.S. Course Track

UIC UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO Department of Bioengineering Areas of Concentration 1) Cell & Tissue Engineering Applying the principles of engineering and life sciences toward the development of biological substitutes that restore, maintain, or improve tissue or cellular function. 2) Neural Engineering Apply engineering techniques to understand, repair, replace, enhance, or treat the diseases of neural systems. 3) Bioinformatics Developing computational tools to understand the genetic blueprint of life. Understanding the structure and function of genes and molecular interactions that govern cellular metabolism.

UIC UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO Department of Bioengineering Areas of Concentration 4) Biomedical Imaging and Visualization This area focuses on the study of medical imaging methods (such as MRI, CT, ultrasound, nuclear medicine) that are the basis of many aspects of clinical diagnosis. 5) Biomechanics This area focuses on the biomechanical structure and function of human muscular-skeletal systems. 6) Biomolecular Engineering Biomolecular engineering studies the design, analysis, and optimization of biological and biomedical processes.

UIC UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO Department of Bioengineering 1 st Courses in BioE BioE 101: Introduction to Bioengineering Overview of how the principles and techniques of engineering are applied to help solve problems in the medical and biological sciences. Curricular and career paths discussed; projects, research lab and facility tours. BioE 240: Modeling Physiological Data and Systems Introduces the use of mathematical models and statistics to describe, interpret, and analyze physiological data and systems. BioE 250: Clinical Problems in Bioengineering Examination of three to four real problems in bioengineering. Student teams work with a faculty facilitator toward each solution. Problem identification, strategic planning, brainstorming, information gathering and reporting are formalized.

UIC UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO Department of Bioengineering Contact Information David Franz-President of Bioengineering Organizational Alliance (BOA) Sasidhar Madugula-Vice President of BOA, Director of Bioengineering Volunteer Program (BVP) Salman Farooqui-Head of External Bioengineering Exposure (EBE) Slides and Content by Brian Kunzer