1. Biomedical Engineering Overview
Presented by-
Md. Bashir Uddin
Roll:
Dept. of BME
KUET, Khulna-9203

2. What is Biomedical Engineering ?
Engineering sciences + Biomedical sciences + Clinical practice = Biomedical Engineering Engineering + Biology + Medicine = Biomedical Engineering Design and problem solving skills of engineering + Medical & Biological sciences Engineering technology for the solution of Medical Problems Biomedical Engineering
Biomedical engineering is a discipline that advances knowledge in engineering, biology and medicine, and improves human health through cross-disciplinary activities that integrate the engineering sciences with the biomedical sciences and clinical practice.
Biomedical Engineering is the combination of the design and problem solving skills of engineering with medical and biological sciences to improve healthcare diagnosis, monitoring and therapy.
Biomedical Engineering is the application of engineering technology to the solution of medical problems; examples are the development of prostheses such as artificial valves for the heart, various types of sensors for the blind, and automated artificial limbs.

3. Applications of Biomedical Engineering
Applications are almost endless and developing every day that it includes:
Cardiac monitors to clinical computing
Artificial hearts to contact lenses
Wheel chairs to artificial tendons
Modeling dialysis therapy to modeling the cardiovascular system.

4. Biomedical Engineers Biomedical Engineers Engineering Techniques
Medical Problems
Analysis
Biomedical Engineers apply engineering techniques and analyses to problem-solving in medicine and the biomedical sciences
Biomedical Engineers bridge the gap between clinical medicine and applied medical technology.
Biomedical Engineers must be capable of defining a medical problem in engineering science terms and of finding a solution that satisfies both engineering and medical requirements
Solution of Medical & Clinical Problems
Improve Healthcare Diagnosis, Monitoring and Therapy.

5. Duty of Biomedical Engineers
Designing medical instrument
Contribute in the development, manufacturing and testing of medical products
Maintain and enhance life of medical instrument
Designing prostheses
Designing replacement parts for people
Creating systems to allow the handicapped to function, work and communicate
Managing the technology in the hospital system.
Saling biomedical instruments
Etc.

6. Career Opportunities for Biomedical Engineers
Biomedical engineers come from one of the traditional engineering disciplines, such as electrical or mechanical engineering.
Biomedical engineers are exposed to many fields of study in engineering, medicine and biology. Due to this broad experience biomedical engineers find employment in:
Hospitals
Clinics
Diagnostic Centers
Government bodies
Industry
Academic areas
Research etc.

7. Main Fields of Biomedical Engineering
                        

8. New fields of Biomedical Engineering
Medical electronics
Clinical engineering
Rehabilitation engineering.

9. Medical Instrumentation
Medical instrumentation is the application of electronics and measurement techniques to develop devices used in diagnosis and treatment of disease.
Computers are an important and increasingly essential part of medical instrumentation
Examples of medical instrumentation include: heart monitors, microelectrodes, defibrillators, glucose monitoring machines etc.

10. Biomaterials
Biomaterials are defined as the materials used for medical implantation includes both living tissue and artificial materials.
Examples of biomaterials include:
Heart replacement valves
Artificial lungs
Artificial kidneys
Dental adhesives
Bone cement
Replacement bones/joints
Heart prosthetics
Etc.
The selection of an appropriate material to place in the human body may be one of the most difficult tasks faced by the biomedical engineer. Certain metal alloys, ceramics, polymers and composites have been used as implant materials.

11. Biomaterials (cont.) Biomaterials must have following properties:
Nontoxic
Non-carcinogenic
Chemically inert (not reacting violently with the body's chemical composition)
Stable
Mechanically strong enough to withstand the repeated forces of a lifetime of use.
Newer biomaterials even incorporate living cells in order to provide a true biological and mechanical match for the living tissue.

12. Human Physiology and Modeling
‘Human Physiology’ is the study of the body and its functions in each of the different systems in any living body
Modeling is used in the analysis of experimental data and in formulating mathematical descriptions of physiological events
Examples: Biochemistry of metabolism and the control of limb movements

13. Bio-Signal processing
Collection and analysis of data (signal) from patients
The manipulation and dissection of the data or signal provides the physician and experimenter the vital information on the condition of the patient.
Biomedical Engineers apply signal-processing methods to the design of medical devices that monitor and diagnose certain conditions in the human body.
Examples: Heart arrhythmia detection software and brain activity

14. Medical Imaging
Medical Imaging combines knowledge of a unique physical phenomenon (sound, radiation, magnetism etc.) with high-speed electronic data processing, analysis and display to generate an image.
Often, these images can be obtained with minimal or completely non-invasive procedures, making them less painful and more readily repeatable than invasive techniques.
Examples:
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
Ultrasound and computed tomography (CT).

15. Biomechanics
Biomechanics applies both fluid mechanics and transport phenomena to biological and medical issues.
It includes the study of motion, material deformation, flow within the body, as well as devices, and transport phenomena in the body, such as transport of chemical constituents across biological and synthetic media and membranes.
Efforts in biomechanics have developed the artificial heart, replacement heart valves and the hip replacement.

16. Rehabilitation Engineering
Rehabilitation engineering is the systematic application of engineering sciences to design, develop, adapt, test, evaluate, apply, and distribute technological solutions to problems confronted by individuals with disabilities.
Functional areas of rehabilitation engineering may include mobility, communications, hearing, vision, and cognition, and activities associated with employment, independent living, education, and integration into the community.

17. THANK YOU