Working group L-EPPR 07 June 2013 Informal Document: EPPR-03-05e (3rd EPPR Session – June 7, 2013) Working group L-EPPR 07 June 2013 International environmental and propulsion performance requirements for L-category vehicles – EC perspective

Test type I emission laboratory tests (common for 2-, 3- or 4-wheels) The exhaust gas will be collected in sample bags and analysed after the test is finished. The test result for the constituents THC, CO, NOx and PM is expressed in milligrams per driven kilometre. CO2 in g/km This represents the amount in grams of pollutants, emitted in average by the vehicle when driving 1000 m.

Emission laboratory test cycle The vehicle speed trace of a certain driving cycle is projected on the screen in front of the rider / driver. The driver must operate the vehicle such that the actual and desired (programmed) vehicle speed exactly match. If there is no perfect match of actual and desired vehicle speed the test will be declared as invalid.

Emission laboratory test cycle Other examples of L-category vehicles tested on tailpipe emissions Three wheels Two wheels Four wheels

Test type I emission laboratory test WMTC Conclusion EC, should be applicable for L-category vehicles. The advantages of moving to one single test cycle for L-category vehicles outweigh by far its single disadvantage (adaptation manufacturers to new test cycle for certain L-vehicle categories). This single disadvantage is mitigated by an extremely long transition time in the EU.

Test type I emission laboratory tests Replace conventional ECE47 test cycle used to type approve L1e (mopeds and light scooters), L2 (three-wheel mopeds) and L6e (light quadricycles) with a new test cycle based on urban, low vehicle speed, part 1 of WMTC test cycle. Test type I emission laboratory tests New test cycle (bottom) based on urban (low vehicle speed) fraction of WMTC test cycle replacing traditional ECE47 cycle (top)

Test type I emission laboratory tests Chassis dynamometer load adsorption curve 7 7

Test type I emission laboratory tests The load absorbed by the brake and the chassis dynamometer reflecting internal frictional effects : F = (a + b·v2) ±0.1·F80 (without being negative) where: F = total load absorbed by the chassis dynamometer (N), a = value equivalent to rolling resistance (N), b = value equivalent to coefficient of air resistance (N/(km/h)2), v = vehicle speed (km/h), F80 = load at 80 km/h (N). 8 8

Structure EU Regulation on Environmental and Propulsion Performance Requirements (REPPR) Annexes II and V of Regulation 168/2013 (L60, 2.3.2013, p. 52) propose high level structure and provide the general framework Environmental performance test procedures related to e.g. measurement of exhaust emissions, evaporative emissions, greenhouse gas emissions, fuel or energy consumption, electric range etc.; Test procedures maximum design vehicle speed, maximum torque, maximum continuous rated and net power;

The draft EU delegated act REPPR contains the following annexes: Draft EU Regulation on Environmental and Propulsion Performance Requirements (REPPR) - environmental test requirements - structure The draft EU delegated act REPPR contains the following annexes: Annex Number Annex title I Test type I requirements: tailpipe emissions after cold start II Test type II requirements: tailpipe emissions at (increased idle) / free acceleration test III Test type III requirements: emissions of crankcase gases IV Test type IV requirements: evaporative emissions V Test type V requirements: durability of pollution control devices VI Test type VII requirements: measurement of CO2 emissions, fuel consumption, electric energy consumption and electric range determination VII Test type VIII requirements: environmental on-board diagnostic (OBD) tests VIII Test type IX requirements:  sound level IX Test procedures and technical requirements on propulsion performance X Vehicle and propulsion family definition XI Amendment of Annex V to Regulation (EU) No 168/2013

Draft EU Regulation on Environmental and Propulsion Performance Requirements (REPPR) - environmental test requirements - structure Annex I of the draft EU delegated act REPPR contains the following appendices: Appendix Number Appendix title 1 Used symbols in Annex I 2 Reference fuels 3 Chassis dynamometer system 4 Dilution system 5 Equivalent inertia mass and running resistance 6 Driving cycles for Type I tests 7 Road tests of a L-category vehicle equipped with one wheel on the powered axle or twinned wheels for the determination of test bench settings 8 Road tests of a L-category vehicle with two or more wheels on the powered axle(s) for the determination of test bench settings. 9 Explanatory note on gearshift procedure for the Type I test 10 Type-approval tests of replacement pollution control devices for a L- category vehicle as separate technical unit 11 Type I test procedure for a hybrid L-category vehicle 12 Type I test procedure for a L-category vehicle fuelled with LPG, NG/biomethane, flex fuel H2NG or Hydrogen 13 Type I test procedure for a L-category vehicle equipped with a periodically regenerating system

Proposal EC to structure output of L-EPPR working group 1998 Agreement, use base proposals from India and Japan Expand scope of GTR No 2 and extend to new GTRs: Include engine displacement < 50 cm3 Two- and three-wheel vehicles only under the 1998 Agreement GTR No 2: test types I, II, V and VII New GTR: test types III and IV New GTR: test type VIII, to be discussed if functional OBD can be included. New GTR: propulsion performance (max vehicle design speed, max torque and power)

Proposal EC to structure output of L-EPPR working group 1958 Agreement EC neutral with regard to structure either: replicate structure of R83 & R101 (include all environmental test types in one new UN Regulation and the propulsion performance requirements into another new one); or mimic structure as proposed for 1998 Agreement in new "shadow" Regulations. Consider upgrading R40 and R47 with measurement equipment requirements from GTR No 2. To be discussed if categories L6 and L7 (light 4-wheel vehicles) can be included in the scope of new UN Regulations (58 Agreement only).

Thank you for your attention Further information: http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/sectors/automotive Status of EU legislation, links to Directives, Regulations and other useful information. http://www.unece.org/trans/main/wp29/wp29wgs/wp29gen/wp29age.html Status of UNECE Regulations and GTRs, proposals, working documents and working groups.