S2 Science Elements and Compounds REVISION By contributing to investigations into familiar changes in substances to produce other substances, I can describe how their characteristics have changed. SCN 2-15a NEW LEARNING I have developed my knowledge of the Periodic Table by considering the properties and uses of a variety of elements relative to their positions SCN 3-15a

Periodic Table Today we will learn to State what elements are and where you can find out information about them. We will do this by Look at the periodic table together to learn how to find out information about elements. Match elements to their uses We will have succeeded if

Periodic Table Find this page in your planner – you will be using it a lot!

Periodic Table This contains all of the elements that we know of Elements are the simplest atoms, they are used as the building blocks for everything in life Elements can not be broken down into anything simpler

In pairs….. Use the building blocks shown here to build as many different towers as possible

What about…. Not so easy!! Like lego bricks the elements in the periodic table can form many different structures

Elements and Uses Work in pairs You will be given a set of cards, with elements and what they are used for You have to work together to match up the element to its use

Elements There are five elements in the list below. Underline them. water oxygensilver vinegar zincsalt bread airneon sugar brasscarbon

Classifying Elements Today we will learn to Explain why the periodic table is arranged the way that it is We will do this by Look at the periodic table together to learn how to find out information about elements. Match elements to their uses We will have succeeded if

Periodic Table

Classifying elements Why do we have to put things in order? Think of something that you know that is put into order A library is put into children's section and adults section. There is also fiction and non fiction.

Classifying elements In pairs Look at the element data cards. Put them into groups depending on their properties If they have similar properties they will be in the same group

Chemistry trumps In groups of four Give each person in the group an equal number of cards Play element trumps using the information given about the elements on the cards

Groups and Periods Today we will learn to Explain the difference between a group and a period We will do this by Looking at the periodic table to see where they are We will have succeeded if

Groups and periods Groups and periods introduction

Groups A group of elements will react in a similar way

Brainiac video

Group 7 - Halogens This group contains non-metals. They are very reactive

Group 8 – Noble Gases This group contains non-metals. They do not react with other elements so are useful in their own way. Can you think of uses?

Quick Quiz What is group 1 called? How does group 1 behave? What is group 2 called? How does group 2 behave? What is group 7 called? How does group 7 behave? What is group 8 called? How does group 8 behave?

Periods A period goes across the way in the periodic table

Elements can be divided into METALS and NON-METALS. Most non-metals are non-conductors of electricity. Carbon (in the form of graphite) is the only non-metal which conducts electricity. Metals and Non-metals

Draw a line on your periodic table Metals are on the left hand side

Elements Each element is represented by a symbol. This symbol is made up of 1 or 2 letters. The symbol is unique to that element. The first letter is always a capital The second letter (if it has one) is always a small letter M g O H e H g C F e

In Pairs… Write down the symbols for 5 different elements Get your partner to find the names If you get confident you could time each other!

In pairs Use the periodic table to find the symbols for the groups of elements below. Each group should spell a different cartoon character Tungsten, oxygen, oxygen, dysprosium Sulphur, cobalt, oxygen, boron, yetrium

Mixtures and Compounds Today we will learn to Describe what a mixture is, and how it is different from a compound We will do this by Look at a mixture and learn how to separate it. Watch this mixture being changed into a compound and how this is different We will have succeeded if

Mixtures A mixture is formed by simply mixing together two elements without chemically joining together Examples of mixtures: Air Skittles

Iron and Sulphur Look at the mixture of iron and sulphur Try separating this mixture What happens when you heat this up? 5H6DVe5FAI

Mixtures Filtration This is a technique used to separate insoluble solids from liquids

Mixtures Filtration

Gas Tests Today we will learn to Explain how to test for common gases We will do this by Test these gases and note your observations We will have succeeded if

Hydrogen OxygenCarbon dioxide Gas Tests

Experiments Add 3ml of lime water into carbon dioxide test tube. What happens? Put a glowing (just blown out) splint to the neck of the oxygen test tube. What happens? Put a lit splint to the neck of the hydrogen test tube. What happens?

GasObservations Oxygen Hydrogen Carbon dioxide

Carbon dioxide turns limewater cloudy

Hydrogen

Carbon dioxide turns limewater cloudy Hydrogen burns with a “pop”

Carbon dioxide turns limewater cloudy Hydrogen burns with a “pop” Oxygen

Carbon dioxide turns limewater cloudy Hydrogen burns with a “pop” Oxygen re-lights a glowing splint

Mixtures and Compounds When two substances are mixed together they can usually be separated easily (mixture). When two substances join together in a chemical reaction they form a compound. They cannot be separated easily. The two substances have joined together with chemical bonds.

Compounds What is a compound? When atoms of different elements join together in a chemical reaction they form a new substance called a compound This is different from a mixture, where the atoms are just mixed together and not chemically joined

Naming compounds Compounds containing two elements end with ide e.g. lithium + chlorine = lithium chloride Magnesium + oxygen = magnesium oxide

Which elements… Sodium fluoride Lithium bromide Calcium oxide Aluminium chloride Phosphorus sulphide Caesium chloride

Naming compounds Two exceptions: compounds containing two element AND oxygen end in ite or ate e.g. copper, sulphur and oxygen = copper sulphate Sodium, sulphur and oxygen = sodium sulphite

Which elements… Sodium nitrate Lithium sulphate Calcium phosphate Aluminium chlorate Phosphorus sulphite Caesium nitrite

S2 starter 1.Name the compound formed when copper and chlorine react together. 2.What elements are in copper sulphide? 3.What elements are in copper carbonate? 4.What elements are in copper chloride? 5.What elements are in copper chlorite?

Breaking Compounds Today we will learn to Explain how to break compounds apart We will do this by Carrying out an experiment to break up copper chloride We will have succeeded if

Breaking Compounds If electricity is passed through a compound it can be separated into the elements it is made from. The diagram below shows the apparatus used to do this green liquid (made from green powder dissolved in water) 6v d.c power pack carbon rod The electric current is switched on.

Breaking compounds Aim: To break up copper chloride using electricity Results: Conclusion: Observations Before the experiment After the experiment POSITIVE carbon rod NEGATIVE carbon rod

Breaking Compounds After a few minutes copper is deposited on one carbon rod and chlorine gas given off at the other. Copper chloridecopper + chlorine Compoundelement + element v d.c power pack copper chlorine gas