What is ecosystem stability?

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Ch 10 Biodiversity.
Advertisements

By Edward Harrison.  This refers to the amount of energy fixed per unit area per unit time in an ecosystem by a particular trophic level. The net productivity.
Target 4 BIODIVERSITY.  A term used to describe the variety of life found on Earth or in an ecosystem.  The species in an ecosystem have a strong influence.
Biodiversity Notes.
KETAHANAN EKO- SISTEM Stabilitas smno.psdl-ppsub.2013.
Conservation Biology and Restoration Ecology Chapter 55.
Disruption to Ecosystems. Energy And Nutrients Energy and nutrient flows are fundamental to an ecosystem functioning properly Nutrient Cycle – the feedback.
CHAPTER 6 HUMANS IN THE BIOSPHERE
10.1 – what Is Biodiversity?.
Biodiversity Chapter 10.
How do we influence the environment?
HUMANS IN THE BIOSPHERE. A Changing Landscape  Growing populations depend on the limited natural resources of earth for survival.  Humans rely on ecological.
Describe how environmental change can impact ecosystem stability.
Chapter 6.2 – Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources
Ecosystem Stability: Components and Models.
ANALISIS KETAHANAN EKOSISTEM Mk. Analisis Ekosistem Diabstraksikan: smno.psdl.pdkl.ppsub.2012/13.
Do Now Review your notes Ecosystem quiz coming up in 10 min.
1 Who Lives Where, and Why? Tolerance limits and evolution Evolution and Ecosystems Ecosystems/Community Properties Communities in Transition - Succession.
1 Shaping Communities Shaping Communities 5.3 Niche  a species way of life, or role/function the species plays in its environment… “occupation”
COMMUNITY ECOLOGY. OBJECTIVES: Describe types of relationships among organisms. Compare primary and secondary succession.
Species Diversity. Questions for Today What is Species Diversity? What is Species Diversity? What is the difference between Species Richness and Species.
 Biota- all of the living parts of the biosphere  Hydrosphere- all of the water in its various forms in the biosphere  Atmosphere- the air surround.
Community Ecology Chapter 8. Objectives Summarize species types Evaluate competition and predation Compare and contrast symbiosis.
Succession and Biodiveristy. What are some factors that limit the growth of a population? Availability of resources Food Predators Temperature Climate-
Biodiversity Chapter 10-1, Biodiversity Objectives 11 Ch Describe the diversity of species types on Earth, relating the differences between.
CURRENT TOPICS Ms. Burakiewicz Conservation. Vocabulary Aquatic Biodiversity Conservation Coral Reef Ecosystem Extinction Endangered Forest Genetic variation.
Habitat Fragmentation and Invasive Species
 What is biodiversity?  What parts of the world do you think have high/low biodiversity?
Community Ecology Part 2
Biodiversity `. 1.What is biodiversity? 2. the variety of life in an area 2. 3 types of diversity 3. genetic diversity 4. the variety of genes available.
Chapter 5: Biodiversity and Conservation Wood. Chapter 5 Outline  Main Idea: Community and ecosystem homeostasis depends on a complex set of interactions.
Thursday Sept 12/Friday Sept 13 AGENDA Stamp and review homework Activity: Interactions Among Organisms Notes: Populations in Ecosystems HOMEWORK Read.
What is ecosystem stability?
Threats to Biodiversity. Who are the key players in maintaining a healthy ecosystem?
What is biodiversity? Biodiversity – Chapter 5  Biodiversity is the variety of life in an area that is determined by the number of different species.
Activity #17: Habitats.
COMMUNITY ECOLOGY I: BIODIVERSITY
BIODIVERSITY Objectives: Explain biodiversity and its importance.
HUMAN IMPACT. 1.Biodiversity is the variety of life in an area that is determined by the number of different species in that area. 2.Biodiversity increases.
SC.912.L Earth's Biodiversity Earth’s biodiversity Biodiversity – the diversity of life on Earth – variety at all levels of biological organization.
What is biodiversity? 5.1 Biodiversity  Biodiversity is the variety of life in an area that is determined by the number of different species in that.
 Understand that all human societies depend on sustainable ecosystems characterized by maximum biodiversity.  Explain how managing the world’s ecosystems.
Chapter 4. Biodiversity: the variety of earth’s species, the genes they contain, the ecosystems in which they live and the ecosystem processes and energy.
Click on a lesson name to select. Chapter 5 Biodiversity and Conservation Section 1: Biodiversity Section 2: Threats to Biodiversity.
Biodiversity: Scientists have named more than 1.5 million species on Earth. This variety of different living things is called Biodiversity. Living organisms.
1. How Biotic & Abiotic Factors influence the Biosphere/Ecosystem? 2. What impact Biotic & Abiotic factors have on biodiversity?
Biodiversity and Conservation
Changes to the Environment Succession Primary Succession Secondary Succession Changes to Ecosystems Role Of Humans.
Chapter Biodiversity Key Questions:
Biodiversity General information Importance of biodiversity Threats to biodiversity Preserving biodiversity.
Mission Update 1.What are some key components of a healthy ecosystem? What makes an ecosystem healthy? 3/22.
Describe how environmental change can impact ecosystem stability.
Ecology. What is ecology? The study of interactions between organisms and their environment Remember: Cell  Tissue  Organ  Organ System  Organism.
Biodiversity General information Importance of biodiversity
Module 60 Causes of Declining Biodiversity
Humans in the Biosphere
Chapter 6 Humans in the Biosphere
Title of notes: Loss of biodiversity p. 24 RS
Populations in Ecosystems
Biodiversity SNC1P1 Findlay.
Spring 2017.
SB5a. Plan and carry out investigations to analyze data to support explanations about factors affecting biodiversity and populations in ecosystems. SB5e.
Describe how environmental change can impact ecosystem stability
Biodiversity….THINK ABOUT IT
Biodiversity is the degree of variation of life forms within a given species, ecosystem, biome, or an entire planet. Biodiversity is a measure of the health.
Chapter 6-3: Biodiversity
Biodiversity.
Biodiversity Chapter 10.1.
What is ecosystem stability?
Presentation transcript:

What is ecosystem stability? The vast majority of natural ecosystems experience regular environmental change, or disturbances. Most ecologists describe ecosystem stability as the ability of an ecosystem to maintain its structure and function over long periods of time and despite disturbances. Ecosystem structure includes physical and geological structures of the landscape, the number and diversity of species present, the population sizes of those species, and the ways in which these populations interact. Ecosystem function refers to processes such as water and nutrient cycling and biomass productivity that the ecosystem provides.

Resistance and Resilience There are two main components to ecosystem stability: resistance and resilience. An ecosystem displays resistance if keeps its structure and continues normal functions even when environmental conditions change. An ecosystem displays resilience if, following a disturbance, it eventually regains its normal structure and function. (contd.)

Ecosystems that show a high degree of stability may have different combinations of resistance and resilience. Research has shown that species diversity is often the key to both ecosystem resistance and resilience. An ecosystem rich in biodiversity will likely be more stable than one whose biodiversity is low. 1. Infer If an ecosystem has low biodiversity, is it more or less stable than an ecosystem of high biodiversity?

How does environmental change affect ecosystem stability? Communities respond to environmental change in ways that reflect the responses of the species and populations in the community. Species respond to environmental change in ways that enable them to maintain homeostasis. Populations respond in ways that reflect the success or failure of members of the population to survive and reproduce. (contd.)

Changing environmental conditions can cause the decline of local biodiversity. If this happens, an ecosystem’s resistance and/or resilience may decline. The end result is that the ecosystem loses stability. Ecosystems that are less stable may not be able to respond to a normal environmental disturbance, which may damage ecosystem structure, ecosystem function, or both.

How does natural environmental change affect ecosystem stability? Fires, heavy storms, and natural climate change can cause major changes in local populations of plants and animals. A decline in natural biodiversity can make an ecosystem less stable. 2. Apply Concepts What is one example of a local natural environmental change? How did it impact ecosystem stability?

How does environmental change caused by human actions affect ecosystem stability? Humans affect ecosystem stability in many ways, including habitat loss, introduction of nonnative species, release of pollution into food webs, and contribution to climate change. Ecosystems are frequently destroyed for agricultural activity and urban development. Clearing patches of habitat can split ecosystems into pieces, a process called habitat fragmentation. (contd.)

Remaining pieces of habitat become habitat “islands” surrounded by a different habitat. The smaller a habitat island is, the fewer species can live there, and the smaller their populations can be. A keystone species is one that has a strong and/or wide-reaching impact on a community’s stability. If a keystone species declines in number, the ecosystem becomes much less stable. 3. Predict Sea otters, a keystone species, eat sea urchins, which in turn eat kelp. In the 1990s, sea otter populations off the coast of Alaska declined because orcas ate large numbers of otters. What effect did this have on the sea otters’ ecosystem? (contd.)

Humans sometimes introduce organisms into a new habitat, where it can become invasive and threaten biodiversity and ecosystem structure. An invasive species is a nonnative species that spreads widely in a community. Nonnative species become invasive if their new surroundings lack natural population checks such as predators or competitors. Invasive species usually cause local native biodiversity to decline and therefore affect ecosystem stability. 4. Contrast What is the difference between nonnative species and invasive species? (contd.)

Many pollutants, including pesticides and acid rain, impact plant and animal populations. These changes, in turn, threaten biodiversity. Organisms are adapted to their environments and have specific tolerance ranges to conditions such as temperature. If conditions change beyond an organism’s tolerance, the organism must move to another location or face extinction. Increases in Earth’s average temperatures could affect ecosystem structures and functions. Scientists are not yet sure how predicted changes in global climate within the next several decades will affect ecosystem stability worldwide.