Las Delicias Water Project: Piping System Design EWB-MAP Compiled by: Richard Cairncross Date 1/12/2012 Update: 2/2/2012

Map of Current Water System (section relevant for EWB-MAP modifications) RED lines – supply lines to tank (uphill by pump) BLUE lines – distributions lines by gravity DOWNHILL

Proposed update to Water System (section relevant for EWB-MAP modifications) RED lines – supply lines to tank (uphill by pump) BLUE lines – distributions lines by gravity NEW SUPPLY LINE 1 NEW DISTRIBUTION LINE 2c NEW DISTRIBUTION LINE 2a NEW DISTRIBUTION LINE 2b NEW TANK A B C D E F DOWNHILL

Piping System Layout New Pipelines Supply Line 1 to new tank (A-B-C) – Length = 365 m + tank connection (assume + 10 m) = 375 m – 1 bend, 1 tee, 3 elbow, 2 valves, 1 exit – 17 m elevation rise + tank height – Hill rises to 643 m then valley falls t0 640 m on connecting road (D-B) – ~175 gpm flowrate Distribution line connection 2a from lower Tramo 3b to lower Tramo 6 (E-F) – 105 m length, elevation change unclear, guess 10 m drop Distribution connection 2b from upper Tramo 3b to upper Tramo 6 (B-D) – 120 m length, 8 meter drop with low point at 640 m (3 m below D) Distribution line 2c from new tank to new connections (C-B-E) – 255 m length, 11 meter elevation drop Waypoints PointLocationElevation ACalle Principal638 m BIntersection at Field 651 m CNew tank655 m DEnd of upper Tramo m EEnd of lower Tramo 3b 640 m FEnd of lower Tramo 6 ?? Guess 630 m

Proposed update to Water System (section relevant for EWB-MAP modifications) RED lines – supply lines to tank (uphill by pump) BLUE lines – distributions lines by gravity NEW SUPPLY LINE 1 NEW TANK A B C 105 m 20 m 240 m DOWNHILL

Estimate of head losses in supply pipe 1 (smooth PVC) 4” PVC sufficient to keep major and minor losses to >10% of the elevation change

Assumptions for Supply Pipe 1 Calculation

Supply Pipe 1 Pipe Profile (not to scale) NEW TANK A B C 105 m 20 m 240 m D 638 m 640 m 643 m 651 m Elevation: 640 m 655 m Tee connect to 6” pipe Gate Valve 45° Elbow 90° Elbow Gate Valve 90° Elbow Pipe Exit PIPE FITTINGS

Supply Pipe 1 Trenching Based on recommendations from EWB Water Resource Guidelines: – 45 cm trench depth – 10 cm bedding (2-12 mm soil) if stones/rocks present in trench – Back-fill with soil that is free of lumps, from stones (>3 cm), and from organic matter – PVC pipe joined in trench and cure for >10 hr prior to pressurizing. Keep joints exposed to check for leaks – For road crossing, bury PVC pipe inside steel or concrete pipe (ID > diameter of PVC joints) and bury at same depth as standard trench 45 cm trench depth 10 cm bedding

Valve Boxes Obtain pre-cast valve boxes with lockable lids locally – Or find company locally who can make them Specifications – 4” Pipe centered about 35 cm below ground level – Box should extend 10 cm above ground level – Internal dimensions roughly 45cmx45cm – Place support under valve

Thrust Anchors for Elbows &Tees From Russ Turner, Tetratech

Thrust Anchor Dimensions Based on 4” PVC PIPE 45 cm Trench Depth Height of Anchor 22.5 cm Length of Anchor Backing against undisturbed material: 90° BEND: L = 83 cm 45° BEND: L = 41 cm Tee: L = 41 cm

Reaction Backing (Thrust Anchor) for turns in Supply Pipe 1 From Michael Swank

Reaction Backing

Reaction Backing for Tee

Supply Pipe 1 Materials List 4” PVC pipe (Schedule 40) in 6 m lengths – 62 pieces 4” PVC 45° Elbow – 1 piece 4” PVC 90° Elbow – 1 piece Tee connector & Adapter from 6” PVC main to 4” branch line – 1 piece PVC primer, PVC cement, applicators, and cleanup Gate/Ball valves (PVC or steel ?) – 2 pieces 4” Steel Pipe (5 m) – 1 piece 4” Steel 90° Elbow – 2 pieces 4” PVC-Steel Pipe Connector – 1 piece Bed material for trench (2-12 mm), if necessary Fill material, if necessary Concrete for Anchoring Piping at Bends Concrete/Rebar for Valve boxes and lids Tools for cutting, de-burring, connecting pipe

EPA-NET Simulation for Supply Line 1 Matches Excel Calculations DOWNHILL

Questions about Supply Pipe 1 Depth of trench for buried pipe – Along side of road – Road crossing What is situation for connection to existing piping – For supply pipe at point A (Evaluate during May 2012 trip and make connection if possible) – For distribution pipe at points D and B – For distribution pipe at points E and F Design of valve boxes Details of connection from pipeline to tank (Lisa and Brian) Prices of available PVC pipe in ES Need for an air bleed at high-point between points A-D Need for expansion fittings to accommodate settlement – where, how?

Design of Distribution lines 2a, 2b, 2c See following map of community and assessment of change in number of homes served by tanks in current and proposed water system During implementation trip will connect Tramo 6 to Tramo 3b (points D-B) in same trench as new supply pipe and gather data about flowrates supplied to homes from new tank Plan to use EPANet software to model distribution to households and assess needs for pipe sizes after gathering flowrate data supplied by new tank

DOWNHILL

Summary of Existing Water System

Modified water system

Summary of changes in water distribution system CURRENT SYSTEM Storage – Tanque 1: 35,000 gal – Tanque 2: 11,000 gal – Tanque 3: 25,000 gal Pump supplies water to Tanques 1 & 3 at 175 gpm, ~3 days per week Spring supplies water to Tanque 2 (and other tanques) Homes serviced by Tanques PROPOSED MODIFICATION Storage – Tanque 1: 35,000 gal – Tanque 2: 11,000 gal – Tanque 3: 25,000 gal – New Tank: 28,600 gal Old Pump supplies water to Tanques 1 & 3 at 175 gpm New pump supplies water to new tank at 175 gpm with much lower head Homes serviced by Tanques New: 280 New tank reduces demand of water from Tanques 1&2 (which require high head) by roughly 50%

260 Homes Served by Tanque 3 33 Homes Served by Tanque Homes Served by Tanque 1 Current Water Distribution System DOWNHILL

117 Homes Served by Tanque 3 33 Homes Served by Tanque Homes Served by Tanque 1 Proposed Water Distribution System 280 Homes Served by New Tank DOWNHILL