06-Sept-2005 Presentation to Internet2 & Worldbank 1 Indian Initiatives in A & R Networking, Grid Computing & Applications S. Ramakrishnan Welcome 06-Sept-2005 Presentation to Internet2 & Worldbank 1

06-Sept-2005 Presentation to Internet2 & Worldbank 2 Presentation Outline Background Indian Initiatives ERNET IQNET PoC GARUDA International Participation Framework Opportunities & Expectations 06-Sept-2005 Presentation to Internet2 & Worldbank 2

06-Sept-2005 Presentation to Internet2 & Worldbank 3 Presentation Outline Background Indian Initiatives ERNET IQNET PoC GARUDA International Participation Framework Opportunities & Expectations 06-Sept-2005 Presentation to Internet2 & Worldbank 3

06-Sept-2005 Presentation to Internet2 & Worldbank 4 Background 21st Century Knowledge Society is going to be driven on the foundation of Information Infrastructure and ICT tools India is moving towards enablement with a great urge by : Aligning with global and technologies developments Identifying and addressing domestic problem and needs

06-Sept-2005 Presentation to Internet2 & Worldbank 5 Knowledge Paradigm (Contd…) High Performance Computing (Petaflop by 2010 and beyond) Development, acquisition as well as creative use scaling up momentum Petabytes of storages and beyond From Remote Sensing Satellites, MST Radars & Global Scientific mission forums demanding tremendous storage High speed Networks (Terabits per second by 2010 and beyond) Key enabler to support engineering data and bandwidth intensive applications Grid Computing - supporting distributing computing, Problem solving environments and collaboration tools Already identified as an most important area and PoC Garuda under implementation by C-DAC

06-Sept-2005 Presentation to Internet2 & Worldbank 6 Knowledge Paradigm (Contd…) Data Centre and Web Services Emergence of world class of telecom infrastructure and success of IT sector augurs well for a host of applications sector from Bio- informatics to E-governance Knowledge Management tools Host of with over 300 of Fortune 500 and all top Global ICT MNCs setting up development centers and increasingly positioning of research labs in India, as also BPO, KPO centers and VC funding, GRID Marketing and innovation is happening. Secure Cyber Infrastructure Demands for trusted and reliable infrastructure service is increasing. Multilingual Computing With 22 official languages touching over 90% of non-english speaking people Broadband and mobile wireless Fastest growing in India, permeating to villages

06-Sept-2005 Presentation to Internet2 & Worldbank 7 Knowledge Paradigm – Indian Context Indian Economy is moving towards new era Driven by the service sectors Information/communication sector is leading the surge Reforms in the telecom sector and well established IT industry combined with Growing size of academia (increasing % of private) and one of largest network of R & D labs Gives new opportunites and begs opportunities for next generation – information infrastructure Strengthening links among local, national, regional, internatonal networks and applications Education and Research lab linkages needs strengthening

06-Sept-2005 Presentation to Internet2 & Worldbank 8 Presentation Outline Background Indian Initiatives ERNET IQNET PoC GARUDA International Participation Framework Opportunities & Expectations 06-Sept-2005 Presentation to Internet2 & Worldbank 8

06-Sept-2005 Presentation to Internet2 & Worldbank 9 Indian Initiatives Networking, Grid Computing and applications/sectoral domains ERNET IQNET PoC GARUDA

06-Sept-2005 Presentation to Internet2 & Worldbank 10 ERNET: Education & Research Network Started as a collaborative initiative of 8 Premier Institutions (5 IITs, IISc, NCST, DOE) by Department of Electronics (Now Department of Information Technology), Government of India in 1986 with UNDP funding Research and development in computer networking Built campus LANs, established WAN (terrestrial and satellite) and first connection from India to Internet (UUNET) in February ’89.

06-Sept-2005 Presentation to Internet2 & Worldbank 11 ERNET: Education & Research Network (Contd…) Today 13 Point of presence (POPs) at premier E&R institutions in the country. STM-1(155Mbps)Ready Fibre-Optic Backbone Satellite Hub in C-band (Bangalore) Beaming 3 Transponder of 36 MHz IP Multicasting Webcasting Channel for Distance Learning / Video Broadcasting Secure Infrastructure Intrusion Detection Server Firewall Intruder Alert Manager Gateway Antivirus Server Anti Spam Control Sniffer Lab dedicated to Network education and training.

06-Sept-2005 Presentation to Internet2 & Worldbank 12 Internet connectivity being provided by ERNET User Base 172 Universities ( ) 245 R&D Institutions ( ≥ 500) 52 Engineering colleges (800) 251 Navodya and Govt Schools 274 ICAR Institutions 322 Other educational users/organizations. Installed Base 559 TDM/TDMA and 77 SCPC and DAMA VSATs 14 Radio Links and 173 Leased Lines.

06-Sept-2005 Presentation to Internet2 & Worldbank 13 INTERNET connectivity under various schemes AICTE Net Connectivity to AICTE recognized colleges and regional centers. A total of 40 institutions connected. Very Large potential UGC Infonet MOU signed on 4 th April universities connected over ERNET backbone.- Scalable network Multimedia capabilities for video conferencing and distance learning ICAR Net Network to be implemented in two phases. A total of 274 institutions have been connected. Network to support applications such as VOIP,IP,FAX, Video conferencing. NVS Net Connectivity provided by VSATS to: NVS Head quarters at New Delhi,100 schools have been

06-Sept-2005 Presentation to Internet2 & Worldbank 14 ERNET - Geographical Distribution

06-Sept-2005 Presentation to Internet2 & Worldbank 15 Univ. of Jammu Panjab Univ. Chandigarh Univ. of Raj. Jaipur (TIFR,BARC) IUCAA Pune CAT Indore IISC Banglore IIT Chennai Univ. of Hyderabad IOP Kolkata IIT Guwahati AMU Mumbai Bhubaneshwar VECC IIT Kanpur (DU)Delhi Universities / R&D Institutions proposed to be connected in I st Phase ERNET PoPs 34 Mbps IPLC Multi-Gigabit pan-European Research Network Connecting 32 European Countries and 28 NRENs Backbone capacity in the range of: 34Mb/s-10Gb/s AT BE CH CY CZ HR HU IE IL GRDE DK EE ES FI FR Austria Germany Belgium Cyprus Switzerland Czech Republic Denmark Estonia Finland Spain Greece France IS IT LT LU LV MT NL NO PL PT RO SE SI SK Croatia Hungary Ireland Israel Iceland Italy Lithuania Luxembourg Netherlands Latvia Norway Malta Poland Portugal Romania Sweden Slovenia Slovakia TR UK United Kingdom Turkey ERNET Backbone Links Additional Links Proposed

06-Sept-2005 Presentation to Internet2 & Worldbank 16 ERNET

06-Sept-2005 Presentation to Internet2 & Worldbank 17 ERNET : Future Directions Move from ISP activities to connectivity of Educational Institutions Vehicle for applications: Distance learning Digital library Educational Portal Grid Computing Research & Development QOS Test Bed 4G Mobile Support towards PoC Garuda and later GRID Main Phase

06-Sept-2005 Presentation to Internet2 & Worldbank 18 IQNET : National QoS Test bed ( ) Collaborative effort between C-DAC, ERNET, IITs (Madras, Bombay, Delhi & Kharagpur) QoS Test bed for experimenting with research ideas Research activities Measurement Initiative VoIP Initiative Policy based QoS Initiative Outcomes expected would include Providing QoS in the Internet Interplay with non QoS networked applications Control and Management of QoS in IP networks

06-Sept-2005 Presentation to Internet2 & Worldbank 19 IQNET : Envisaged Connectivity Creation of Local test beds connected to the QoS WAN Test bed QoS WAN Test bed will overlay on existing ERNET backbone QoS test bed traffic and regular ERNET traffic logically separated by running them over two separate VPNs Mumbai (P) Pune(P) Kanpur(6PE) Kolkata(P) Univ. ofHyd(6PE) IIT Chennai (P) Delhi (P) IIT Delhi IIT Mumbai IISC (6PE) Banglore(P) IIT Kharagpur CDACBanglore (6PE) ERNET Delhi IISCBanglore IIT Chennai LAN QoS-Net Link P Provider Router 6PE IPv4/IPv6 Enabled Provider Edge Backbone Link MPLS Cloud LAN

06-Sept-2005 Presentation to Internet2 & Worldbank 20 IQNET : Research Areas in the QoS Testbed Development and deployment of technologies and solutions for distance education Experiment to provide application QoS by providing priority, RSVP and IntServ architecture Non Co-operative and Co-operative Measurement and Characterization IP Telephony applications Protocol support for Mobile Wireless Endpoints

06-Sept-2005 Presentation to Internet2 & Worldbank 21 IQNET : Applications Robotic control applications Distributed simulation and CAD conferencing Applications end point API support for QoS on IPv6 Telemedicine and Real Time guided clinical investigations Deployment of IPTV, H.323 and SIP based telephony and Content Delivery Network

06-Sept-2005 Presentation to Internet2 & Worldbank 22 IQNET : Status Measurement Initiative : PingER (Ping End-to-End Reporting) Collaboration Associated with SLAC (Stanford University Linear Accelerator Centre) since May 06, 2004 Internet End-to-end Performance Measurement (IEPM) project to monitor end- to-end performance of Internet links Metrics Measured: response time (rtt(ms)) variability of the response time both short term (time scale of seconds) and longer, packet loss percentages and the lack of reachability; Content Distribution Initiative: Planet-lab Collaboration Experimentations explored MPLS for Linux is a open source effort to create a set of MPLS signaling protocols and an MPLS forwarding plane for the Linux operating system Simulation of MPLS using NS-2

06-Sept-2005 Presentation to Internet2 & Worldbank 23 Started as a remote node and enhanced to monitoring node (our’s is one of the 37 monitoring nodes across the globe) Monitoring 59 IPs across the globe Sends 100 and 1000 byte icmp packets periodically Statistics are stored at our location and reports are generated SLAC maintains the central database IQNET : Status (Contd…)

06-Sept-2005 Presentation to Internet2 & Worldbank 24 Indian Grid Computing Initiative Proof of Concept (PoC) GARUDA phase Precursor to the National Grid Computing Initiative (GRID Garuda) Project Duration of 12 months (April 2005 upto March 2006), starting with Networking Fabric in Collaboration with ERNET, India Major Deliverables Technology Development & Research in Grid Computing Nation-wide high-speed communication fabric Grid Resources Deployment of Select applications of National Importance Grid Strategic User Group Implemented by C-DAC

06-Sept-2005 Presentation to Internet2 & Worldbank 25 About C-DAC - I 10 Locations 14 Labs 2000 members

06-Sept-2005 Presentation to Internet2 & Worldbank 26 High Performance Computing & Grid Computing Scientific & Engineering Applications Multilingual Computing, AAI, Speech Processing & Software Technologies, OSS, Multimedia ICT for masses Digital Broadband, Wireless Systems & Network Technologies e-Security Technologies and Services Power Electronics, Real-Time Systems & Embedded Systems, VLSI/ ANSI Design Geomatics, Health Informatics, e-Governance & Agri Electronics Education & Training & e-Learning Technologies & Services About C-DAC – II R&D areas

06-Sept-2005 Presentation to Internet2 & Worldbank 27 People Security Management Robustness Scalability Inter- operability Security Management Robustness Scalability Inter- operability Contents : Data Engineering, Data Management Generic Applications & Tools Generic Applications & Tools Device Electronics Device Electronics Domain Specific Applications & Tools Distributed, Interconnected, Seemless, Multi-vendor Computing & Resources Fabric: Hardware, Software, Tools, Data, Instruments Distributed, Interconnected, Seemless, Multi-vendor Computing & Resources Fabric: Hardware, Software, Tools, Data, Instruments WirelessWireline  Gadgets (Sensors, ……) About C-DAC – III Vision of Grid Computing

06-Sept-2005 Presentation to Internet2 & Worldbank 28 Proof of Concept (PoC) GARUDA phase (Contd..) 17 locations till date, 100 Mbps connections with MPLS backbone, configured for peak load of 2.48 Gbps Planned for multidiscipline academic, research and Engineering applications with some visible demonstratable applications to trigger progression to main phase (Disaster Management and Bioinformatics) Teraflops of Computing power (including existing 1 Teraflop with C-DAC and planned 5 Teraflops early next year), 100s of terabytes data from various Institutions made available to Grid Parteners Community Intended to migrate smoothly to the main Grid Project from 2006, to target/address to variety of sectors from basic sciences to major applications Indian Grid Computing Initiative

06-Sept-2005 Presentation to Internet2 & Worldbank 29 Module and Cities Module I Pune, Bangalore, Delhi, Kolkata, Chennai, Ahmedabad, Mumbai, Hyderabad Module II Roorke, Guwahati, Kharagpur, Thiruvananthapuram, Kanpur Module III Allahabad, Chandigarh, Lucknow, Varanasi

06-Sept-2005 Presentation to Internet2 & Worldbank 30 GRID GARUDA PoC Components Technology Development and Research Communication Fabric Computational Resources Applications

06-Sept-2005 Presentation to Internet2 & Worldbank 31 Technology Development & Research Technology Deliverables : Architecture & Deployment, Grid Access Mechanisms, Application Frameworks, Problem Solving & Program Development Environments, Grid Middleware and Security, Grid Management and Monitoring Achievements so far : Research Initiatives of Integrated Development Environments, Resource Brokers & Meta Schedulers, Mobile Agent Framework, Semantic Grid Services (with MIT Chennai)

06-Sept-2005 Presentation to Internet2 & Worldbank 32 Communication Fabric An ultra-high speed multi services communication fabric connecting across 17 cities in the country to be deployed jointly by C-DAC & ERNET. Ethernet based High Bandwidth capacity, Scalable over entire geographic area with High levels of reliability, fault tolerance and redundancy. Current progress: L2 VPN at 100 Mbps Connectivity between C-DAC, Pune and C- DAC, Bangalore.

06-Sept-2005 Presentation to Internet2 & Worldbank 33 Grid Resources Objective is to Provide heterogeneous resources in the Grid including Compute, Data, Software and Scientific Instruments Deploy Test facilitates for Grid related research and development activities Deliverables Grid enablement of C-DAC resources at Bangalore and Pune, Aggregation of Partner Resources Setting up of PoC Test Bed and Grid Labs at Bangalore, Pune, Hyderabad and Chennai Aggregation of Resources: Prospective partners for grid resources have been identified & Finalization of specific details under progress Setting up of PoC Test Bed & Grid Labs: Grid Lab equipment has been received and testing under progress, C-DAC to also set up a grid lab at SAC, Ahmedabad

06-Sept-2005 Presentation to Internet2 & Worldbank 34 Applications of Importance for PoC Garuda Objective: Enable applications of national importance. TeraScale Applications Weather and Climate modeling Seismic Data processing Computational Fluid Dynamics Structural Mechanics Basic Sciences Grid-enabled Applications Bioinformatics Disaster Management Data Integration & Sharing Earthquake Research Cryptanalysis PARAM Padma at Bangalore ASAR flight data transmission from nearby Airport S A C Ahmedabad at Pune User Agencies GRID Communication Fabric High Speed Commn User Agencies Disaster Management Application on Garuda

06-Sept-2005 Presentation to Internet2 & Worldbank 35 Collaborators & Partners : PoC Garuda Research Labs –National Chemical Laboratory, Pune –Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai –Space Applications Centre, Ahmedabad –Institute for Plasma Research, Ahmedabad –Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad –Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics / Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Chennai –Regional Cancer Centre, Chennai –Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre, Chennai Institutions –Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore –Indian Institute of Astrophysics, Pune –National Center for Radio Astrophysics, Pune –Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics –Institute of Mathematical Sciences, Chennai –Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh –Harish-Chandra Research Institute, Allahabad –Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai –Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow –Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow Government Collaborators –ERNET India C-DAC Centers (10 Locations) –Centre for Development of Advanced Computing at :- –Pune, –Bangalore, –Delhi, –Hyderabad, –Mumbai, –Chennai, –Kolkata, –Mohali, –Noida, –Thiruvananthpuram Academia –Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore –Madras Institute of Technology, Chennai –University of Pune, Pune –Central University, Hyderabad –Indian Institute of Technology at :- –Kharagpur –Kanpur –Delhi –Mumbai –Chennai & –Guwahati –Guwahati University, Guwahati –Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Allahabad –Jawaharlal Nehru University, Delhi –Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi

06-Sept-2005 Presentation to Internet2 & Worldbank 36 ADRIN, HyderabadImage processing AU-KBC Research Centre, Anna University, Chennai Bioinformatics Avestha Gengraine Technologies, Bangalore Bioinformatics CAIR, BangaloreNeural networks Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu Scientific computing (materials science) CDFD, HyderabadBioinformatics, Molecular Simulations Bioinformatics Centre for Biotechnology (JNU), New Delhi Molecular Dynamics Simulation. CML, TIFR, PuneComputational Mathematics Harish-Chandra Research Institute, Allahabad Astrophysics, Cosmology IIIT, HyderabadBioinformatics IISc, BangaloreAtomospheric & Ocean Modelling, Fluid Flow Technical Affiliates : PARAM

06-Sept-2005 Presentation to Internet2 & Worldbank 37 IIT, New DelhiAtmospheric Science, Air Pollution Modelling Regional Climate Modeling IIT, MumbaiCFD, Molecular Dynamics, Bioinformatics, Bio- organic, Molecular Simulation IIT, ChennaiDrug Enzyme Interaction IIT, GuwahatiComputational Mechanics, Structural Optimization Computational Fluid Dynamics IIT, KharagpurPhysical Science, Cosmology IIT, KanpurCFD/FEM/Bio-Mechanics IITM, PuneAtmospheric General Circulation Modeling Indian Institute of Astrophysics, Bangalore Relativistic many-body theory of atoms & molecules, Astronomy Institute for Plasma Research, Ahmedabad Electromagnetics JNCASR, BangaloreMolecular Modelling, Computational Physics & Material Science Technical Affiliates : PARAM

06-Sept-2005 Presentation to Internet2 & Worldbank 38 Karnataka Forest Department, Bangalore GIS National Centre for Cell Science, PuneGenomics & Chromatin organization NCBS, BangaloreBioinformatics Space Applications Centre, AhmedabadAirborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (ASAR) University of Pune, PunePhysics, Bioinformatics, Molecular Simulation, Quantum Chemistry, Sequence Analysis & Molecular Modelling, Quantum Dots VSSC, ISRO, TrivandrumCFD Jawaharlal Nehru University, New DelhiBiomolecular Simulation, Bioinformatics/ Physics Raman Research Insitute, BangaloreAstronomy Open Vision, PuneBioinformatics Inst. of Bioinformatic & Applied Biotechnology Computational Structural Biology FoundationBasic research in Nano-materials Univ. of Agricultural Science, DharwadBioinformatics Technical Affiliates : PARAM

06-Sept-2005 Presentation to Internet2 & Worldbank 39 National Chemical LaboratoryProtein Crystallography Saha Institute of Nuclear PhysicsBioinformatics, Theoretical Chemistry. K.M.Kundnani College of PharmacyBio Informatics Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam Thermal Hydraulic Analysis Armament Research & Development Establishment (ARDE), Pune CFD analysis of artillery rocket configuration Centre for Applied Biodiversity Science (CABS), Bangalore CFD Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL), Bangalore Helicopter Aerodynamics Aerial Delivery Research & Development Establishment (ADRDE), Agra Parachute & Aerostate Balloon System (CFD side) National Aerospace Laboratory (NAL), Bangalore CFD for aerodynamics Technical Affiliates : PARAM

06-Sept-2005 Presentation to Internet2 & Worldbank 40 PoC GARUDA Collaborations - In place.. SAC, Ahmedabad : Collaboration on Disaster Management and Grid Middleware Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore : Collaboration with Centre for Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences (CAOS) Department for Simulations on GRID Garuda with coupled atmosphere-ocean-land model MIT, Chennai : Collaboration on Grid Middleware Development, Development of Front End Tools for Grid Services IIT, Mumbai: Collaboration & MoU for porting of CFD solution University of Pune : In application Areas of Quantum Chemistry, Materials Modeling, Bioinformatics NCL, Pune : Collaboration in the field of Multi-scale Modeling & Simulation, Large-scale Data Analysis & Mining, HPC & Grid Tools

06-Sept-2005 Presentation to Internet2 & Worldbank 41 Bangalore Centre for Mathematical Modeling and Computer Simulation Raman Research Institute ISRO Satellite Centre (ISAC) National Institute of Mental Health & Neuro Sciences National Centre for Biological Sciences Chennai Structural Engineering Research Centre, National Institute of Ocean Technology, Entomology Research Institute Ramanujam Institute for Advanced Study in Mathematics. Madras Medical College Hyderabad International Institute of Information Technology Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services National Remote Sensing Agency Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology Indian Institute of Chemical Technology National Geophysical Research Institute Pune Inter University center for Astronomy and Astrophysics Central Water and Power Research Station Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology National Centre for Cell Science Armed Forces Medical College Mumbai Tata Memorial Hospital, Institute of Oil & Gas Production Technology, ONGC. University Of Mumbai, Air India, Delhi National Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting, Institute of Genomics and Integrative-Biology, All India Institute Of Medical Sciences Central Water Commission, National Physical Laboratory Indian Meteorological Department Roorkee National Institute of Hydrology, Lucknow Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, National Botanical Research Institute, Proposed more Collaborators & Partners : PoC Garuda

06-Sept-2005 Presentation to Internet2 & Worldbank 42 Chandigarh Postgraduate Institution of Medical Education & Research, National Institute of Pharmaceuticals Education & Research, Punjab University, Central Scientific Instruments Organization, Semiconductor Complex Ltd, (SCL) Allahabad Indian Institute of Information Technology, Jk Insitiute of Applied Physics and Technology Kolkata Bose Institute, Jadavpur University, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Indian Statistical Institute, S.N Bose National Centre for basic Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Geological Survey of India, Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, Guwahati Gawahati Medical College, Dr.B.Borooah Cancer Centre Thiruvananthapuram Regional Research Laboratory Chitra Thirunal Medical Research Centre, Centre for Development Studies, Indian Institute of Information Technology and Management, Centre for Earth Science Studies, Trivandrum Engineering College, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Biotechnology, Centre for Development of Imaging Technology, Trivandrum Medical College Proposed more Collaborators & Partners : PoC Garuda (Contd…)

06-Sept-2005 Presentation to Internet2 & Worldbank 43 Presentation Outline Background Indian Initiatives ERNET IQNET PoC GARUDA International Participation Framework Opportunities & Expectations 06-Sept-2005 Presentation to Internet2 & Worldbank 43

06-Sept-2005 Presentation to Internet2 & Worldbank 44 Expectations and Opportunities MoU between C-DAC & ERNET India and Internet2 High Speed Network to be in place and establishment of connectivity Accelerate Garuda and International Cooperation with Application Collaboration in identified areas Visits of scientists and experts in the field of networking, applications and middleware (September to December) Initiation of International Connectivity (December to March) 06-Sept-2005 Presentation to Internet2 & Worldbank 44

06-Sept-2005 Presentation to Internet2 & Worldbank 45 Advanced Computing for Human Advancement Thank You!