Women in American History By: Jennifer Nguyen

POCAHANTAS( ) Many have revered her as the "mother" of our nation, the female counterpart to George Washington. Pocahontas forever influenced the history of the County, the Commonwealth of Virginia, and America by saving peace.

ANNE HUTCHINSON( ) She believed in a "covenant of grace," in which faith alone was enough to achieve salvation. Her belief was known as antinomianism Hutchinson was banished and excommunicated.

MARTHA WASHINGTON( ) Martha was the first of the First Ladies. She was also known as “Lady Washington.”

Abigail Adams ( ) Wife of one president and mother of another, Abigail Adams was more than a family helpmate. She shared and shaped her husband’s political thought and career. In her famous "Remember the Ladies" letter, Abigail Adams half jestingly proposed that women should claim their share of liberty, but she was ahead of her time.

Molly Pitcher ( ) The famous heroine of the American Revolution, born Mary Ludwig near Trenton, New Jersey. She married John Hays. She came to be called Molly Pitcher after carrying pitchers of water to her husband and other thirsty soldiers during the Battle of Monmouth(Rev.War)

Deborah Sampson ( ) She was accused of "dressing in men's clothes, and enlisting in the army," Sampson had resist-ed the admonitions of her breth-ern to give "Christian satisfacti-on” for her conduct. Nor was this the end of the tale. Compr-essing her breasts with cotton cloth and enlisting again. While scouting the enemy in war- torn Westchester County, was wounded

Emma Willard ( ) Emma Willard was the first American woman publicly to support higher education for women. Her efforts advanced that movement in the United States. She started the first women’s boarding school, Emma Willard School.

Harriet Beecher Stowe( ) Uncle Tom's Cabin", an antislavery novel written in This work, which made Stowe famous virtually overnight, intensified North and South antagonism in the pre-Civil War era, making her a hated figure in the South and the darling of the English abolitionists.

Dorthea Dix( ) Dorthea Dix was a social reformer and humanitari- an, Dorothea Dix devoted her life to the welfare of the mentally ill and the handicapped. Through her efforts, special hospitals for mental patients were built in more than 15 states, and in Canada, Europe, and Japan.

Lucretia Mott( ) She started speaking up at town meetings when women seldom spoke. She advocated the radical idea that slavery was sinful and must be abolished. She also advocated for women’s rights.

Eliabeth Cady Stanton( American social reformer, who, along with Susan B. Anthony, led the struggle for women suffrage.

Jane Addams( ) Jane Addams won a Nobel Peace Prize in 1931 for her hard work and effort helping out the poor and for her influence on legislation to improve city conditions and eliminate slums.

Susan B. Anthony( ) Susan B. Anthony was influenced by the first two women’s suffrage leaders, Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Stanton. Anthony continued on with the movement and became good friends with Lucretia Mott.

Clara Barton( ) She was the founder of the American Red Cross. She left her job to volunteer for the Civil War treating the ill. She received a Congressional appropriat- ion to run what was known as the Missing Soldiers Office and became the first woman to head a government bureau

Pearl S. Buck( ) She was the first women to receive a Nobel Peave Prize for her novel The Good Earth. Her novels stem from the belief and culture of the Chinese, since it was her home for many years.

Julia Ward Howe( ) After the war, Howe was active in the women's rights movement as a founder of both the New England Woman's Club and the Association for the Advancement of Women. She also headed the American branch of the Woman's International Peace Association. She was the first woman to be elected to the American Academy of Arts and Letters. She wrote lyrics to Battle Hymn of the Republic

Frances Perkins( ) American social reformer, who became the first female member of the cabinet when United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt named her secretary of labor in Perkins defended the interests of working people, and advocated social security, unemployment compensation, minimum wage and maximum hours, and child welfare legislation. She was a member of the New York State Industrial Board from 1923 to 1926 and its chairperson from 1926 to 1929

Eleanor Roosevelt( ) She was a social activist, author, lecturer, and United States representa- tive to the United Nations.

Mary Bethune( ) In 1904 she founded the Day- tona Educational and Industrial Training School for Negro Girls. She was appointed consultant on interracial affairs and understanding at the charter conference of the United Nations. Bethune founded the National Council of Negro Women and was a vice presi- dent of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People.

Sally Ride(1951- ) In 1983 became the first woman in the American space program to take part in an orbital mission. Ride obtained a B.S. in physics and a B.A. in English from Stanford University in 1973 and earned a Ph.D. in physics there in 1977.

Sandra Day O’Conner(1930- ) She was the first woman associate justice of the United States Supreme Court. She was nominated by President Ronald Reagan to the U.S. Supreme Court in July 1981 and confirmed by the U.S. Senate in September

Rosa Parks(1913- ) In 1955 in Montgomery, Alabama, Parks refused to give up her bus seat to a white man. Her action led to the Montgomery bus strike, which was the first large-scale, organized protest against segregation that used nonviolent tactics.

Betty Friedan(1921- ) American feminist leader and author, born in Peoria, Illinois, and educated at Smith College. Her book The Feminine Mystique (1963) challenged several long-established American attitudes, especially the notion that women could find fulfillment only as wives and mothers. Friedan's phrase "feminine mystique" refers to the idealization of the traditional female role

Margaret Sanger( ) American leader of the birth-control movement. She introduced birth control with the diaphragms.

THE END