Protists Do Now: 1. Please complete the following chart 2. When finished, find the mass of dry soil from the plant lab. Plant-like protists Animal-like protists Fungi-like protists Group namealgaeprotozoamyxomycota ExamplesMany groupsAmoeboids, cilliates, and others Slime molds nicheproducerspredatorsdecomposers

Bioenergetics Connection Unit 2 is about bioenergetics and covers the following: ◦ Photosynthesis ◦ Respiration ◦ Protists (Earliest eukaryotes with chloroplasts & mitochondria) ◦ Human energy use & issues

Quick Review of Key Points Photosynthesis ◦ Formula: ◦ Chloroplasts Respiration ◦ Reverse of photosynthesis ◦ Mitochondria

Part 3, Protists Oxygenation of the atmosphere by photosynthesis 2.5 – 2.0 BYA allows aerobic respiration Organisms diversify and become more complex Eukaryotes evolve through endosymbiosis of chloroplasts and mitochondria

Protist Groups These groups are convenient classifications, not phylogenetic ones. Plant-like protists Animal-like protists Fungi-like protists Group name algaeprotozoamyxomycota ExamplesMany groupsAmoeboids, cilliates, and others Slime molds nicheproducerspredatorsdecomposers

Algae Contain chloroplasts & other plastids; do photosynthesis. Also contain mitochondria; do aerobic respiration Most are unicellular, some are colonial or even multicellular. Contains tens of thousands of species, in several groups.

Protozoa “proto” = first, “zoa” = animal Think of the protists as unicellular animals. They are heterotrophs, and almost all are predators on prokaryotes or smaller eukaryotes. For convenience, they are classified by locomotion.

Flagellates Characterized by 1 or more flagella

Example: Trypanosoma Causes African sleeping sickness

Cilliates Move by beating tiny cilia Example: paramecium

Amoeboids Move with pseudopodia in a blob-like manner Pseudo = false; podia = feet Example: Amoeba proteus

Sporozoa – “Spore Animals” No motility (except for some gametes) Obligate pathogens Example: Plasmodium (causes malaria)

Four Groups of Protozoa Flagellates CiliatesAmoeboidsSporozoa LocomotionFlagellaCiliaPseudopodiaN/A Important examples Trypanosoma / sleeping sickness Paramecium N/APlasmodium / malaria