WHAT IS W-CDMA Wideband code division multiple access (W– CDMA) is a CDMA channel that is four times wider than the current channels that are typically used in 2G network’s in North America.

Route to 3G 1G: analog 2G : 1st digital mobile telephony 2.5G: transition from 2G to 3G 3G standard: IMT 2000

THE EXPECTED GROWTH OF 3 G IN INDIA India is seeing an unprecedented increase in the mobile users. According of one of the latest TRAI reports released in November 2008, the total number of mobile users in India has reached 325 million. In October 2008 alone, million new subscribers added. These figures are bound to shoot up with the launch of 3G network.

3G: Overview International Mobile Telecommunications , 900, 1800, 1900, 2100 MHz bands Introduces packet-switching (sharing) Increased security Typical speeds o 300Kbps - 1.4Mbps download o 100Kbps - 800Kbps upload Streaming multimedia

W-cdma features Combines a mobile phone, laptop PC and TV Features includes: - Phone calls/fax - Global roaming - Send/receive large messages - High-speed Web Navigation/maps Videoconferencing - TV streaming - Electronic agenda meeting reminder. Speed: 144kb/sec-2mb/sec Time to download a 3min MP3 song: 11sec-1.5min

Evolution Paths 2.5G2G 3G cdmaOne IS-95A TDMA cdmaOne IS-95B Cdma2000 1X Cdma2000 1xEV-DV Cdma2000 1xEV-DO GSM GPRS EDGE WCDMA GSM Map Core Network IS-41 Core Network

W-CDMA also known as UMTS CDMA2000 TD-CDMA / TD-SCDMA UWC (often implemented with EDGE) DECT STANDARDS USED IN THE 3G MOBILES ARE FOLLOWING

CDMA analogy A room full of people speaking to each other. Methods to distinguish conversations: Speaking one at a time: TDMA Speaking in different pitches: FDMA Speaking in different languages: CDMA

UMTS Developed by 3rd Generation Partnership Projects Describes a network topology o Builds on GSM o Adds additional functionality o Complex network structure 3 physical layer (air interface) protocols o W-CDMA o TD-CDMA o TD-SCDMA

12 Standardization of WCDMA / UMTS Multiple Access MethodDS-CDMA Duplexing MethodFDD/TDD Base Station Synchronization Channel Separation5MHz Chip Rate3.84 Mcps Frame Length10 ms Service MultiplexingMultiple Services with different QoS Requirements Multiplexed on one Connection Multirate ConceptVariable Spreading Factor and Multicode DetectionCoherent, using Pilot Symbols or Common Pilot Multiuser Detection, Smart Antennas Supported by Standard, Optional in Implementation WCDMA Air Interface, Main Parameters

W-CDMA Overview Initially developed by NTT DoCoMo in the late 1990's as the 3G air interface for their FOMA network o Later added to the IMT-2000 family of standards o Chosen for UMTS Most widely used UMTS air interface High service flexibility o Variable data rates o Connections can use multiple channels Used as basis for HSPA family of protocols

W-CDMA Technical Uses the , MHz frequency range 'W' stands for wide band- 5MHz wide channels Full duplex o Frequency Division Duplexing (FDD) o Time Division Duplexing (TDD) Uses CDMA protocol Originally was capable of speeds of 2 Mbps With HSPA, rates of 14.4 Mbps have been achieved HSPA+ yields peak rates of 58 Mbps

15 3G TD-SCDMA In china, more than 8 millions GSM subscribers were added in just 1 month. china’s desire to craft its own wireless vision. Chinese CATT and Siemens jointly submitted IMT G standard based on Time Division Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access Relies on existing GSM infrastructure 1.6 MHz channel and smart antennas to yield more spectral efficiency. 5 ms frames divided into 7 slots allocated to single data only user or several slow users TD-SCDMA allows easy upgrade to GSM.

High Speed Packet Access HSPA is built on W-CDMA o Software construct- requires minimal base station upgrades o Provides much faster data rates 14.4 Mbps downlink and 5.8 Mbps uplink o System capacity increased 5x for downlink and 2x for uplink Stands for 2 different protocols o HSDPA - downlink o HSUPA - uplink HSPA+ o Evolved HSPA, 58 Mbps downlink 22 Mbps uplink Utilized by the iPhone

3G Capabilities Voice quality comparable to the public switched telephone network 144 Kbps- user in high-speed motor vehicles 384 Kbps- pedestrians standing or moving slowly over small areas Up to 2 Mbps- fixed applications like office use Symmetrical/asymmetrical data transmission rates Support for both packet switched and circuit switched data services like Internet Protocol (IP) traffic and real time video

SERVICE PROVIDERS OF 3G IN INDIA Some of the major mobile players in India are BSNL mobile, Airtel mobile, Reliance mobile and Tata mobile. At one time Aircel mobile was leading the market; however, it has now lost the market share to BSNL mobile, Airtel mobile and other leading mobile players.

ADVANTAGES OF 3G TECHNOLOGY The Operations Utilizing the Technology Getting Info Faster Speed On Price

Utilization AT&T utilizes HSPA which yields speeds upwards of 14.4 Mbps QUALCOMM companies utilize EV-DO which yields speeds of 3.1 Mbps

Features of W-CDMA Key features of W-CDMA systems are a high degree of commonality of design worldwide, compatibility of services, use of small pocket terminals with worldwide roaming capability, Internet and other multimedia applications, and a wide range of services and terminals.

3G Multimedia Applications Features of 3G that make it well suited for multimedia: Always on data transfer Multiple directional data transfer IP datagrams High data speeds

Conclusion Multimedia will continue to be more ubiquitous in mobile devices as time goes on To keep up with the improving multimedia technologies, data rates and mobile devices will need to evolve with it There will always be a desire for higher bandwidth Market is constantly evolving, 4G is only the next step