1. Mobile Phone Standards

2. Mobile Phone Standards
0G to 4G

3. 0G http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/0G
0G refers to pre-cellular mobile telephony technology
mounted in the vehicle trunk and attached to the "head" (dial, display, and handset) mounted near the driver seat

4. 0G PTT: Push to talk, MTS: Mobile Telephone System
IMTS: Improved Mobile Telephone
AMTS : Advanced Mobile Telephone

5. 0G – PTT: Push to talk http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Push_to_talk
is a method of conversing on half-duplex communication lines, including two-way radio,
by pushing a button in order to send, allowing voice communication to be transmitted from you, and releasing to let voice communication be received

6. 0G – MTS: Mobile Telephone Systems
It was operator assisted both directions, meaning, if you were called from the public switched telephone network (PSTN) the call would be routed to a mobile operator, who would route it to your phone, and your phone would ring, however to make an outbound call, you had to go through the mobile operator, who would ask you for your mobile number and the number you were calling, and then would place your call for you. (in 1946)
Half-duplex over a single VHF or UHF

7. 0G – IMTS: Improved Mobile Telephone Systems
pre-cellular VHF/UHF radio system
IMTS was the radiotelephone equivalent of land dial phone service. (in 1969)
VHF Low (35-44 MHz, 9 channels), VHF High (  MHz, 11 channels), and UHF (  MHz, 12 channels)

8. 0G – AMTS: Advanced Mobile Telephone Systems
mainly used in Japanese portable radio systems. It, like its successor HCMTS, operated on the 900 MHz band

9. 0.5G Autotel/PALM (Public Automated Land Mobile)
ARP (Autoradiopuhelin)

10. 0.5G -Autotel/PALM (Public Automated Land Mobile)
It used digital signalling for supervisory messages (call setup, ringing, channel assignment, etc.), except the voice channel was analog (as was the original AMPS cellular).
This system was developed for rural British Columbia, Canada, where building a network of low-power cellular terminals to cover a forest would have been prohibitively expensive.

11. 0.5G – ARP (Autoradiopuhelin)
the first commercially operated public mobile phone network in Finland (1977)
ARP operated on 150 MHz frequency (80 channels on MHz band). Transmission power ranged from 1 watt to 5 watts.
It first used only half-duplex transmission, meaning that receiving and transmitting voice could not happen at the same time.
Later, full duplex car phones were introduced.
Cell size was approximately 30 km.

12. 1G NMT (Nordic Mobile Telephone ) AMPS (Advanced Mobile Phone System)
Hicap

13. 1G – NMT (Nordic Mobile Telephone )
opened for service in 1981 NMT
NMT-450 and NMT-90 (1986)
100 mm and weighed only about 100 grams
The cell sizes in an NMT network range from 2 km to 30 km.
NMT used transmission power of up to 15 watt (NMT-450) and 6 watt (NMT-900), handsets up to 1 watt.
automatic switching (dialling) and handover of the call
traffic was not encrypted.
NMT signalling transfer speeds vary between 600 and 1200 bits per second, using FFSK (Fast Frequency Shift Keying) modulation.
AMPS
Hicap

14. 1G – AMPS (Advanced Mobile Phone System)
analog mobile phone system standard
cellular switching technology
Each network is authorized to use 416 channels in the 800 MHz band.
TDMA

15. 1G – Hicap http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hicapcellular
developed by Nippon Telegraph and Telephone as a higher capacity alternative to their NTT mobile solution.
HICAP uses a 25KHz carrier and utilizes FDMA to seperate different calls from each other.

16. 2G GSM -Global System for Mobile Communications
iDEN - Integrated Digital Enhanced Network
D-AMPS - Digital AMPS
cdmaOne
PDC

17. 2G –GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications)
GSM standard makes international roaming very common between mobile phone operators which enables phone users to access their services in many other parts of the world as well as their own country.
by means of GPRS - Higher speed data transmission

18. 2G – iDEN (Integrated Digital Enhanced Network )
developed by Motorola
time division multiple access (TDMA).
Upto six communication channels share a 25 kHz space; some competing technologies place only one channel in 12.5 kHz.
D-AMPS
cdmaOne
PDC

19. 2G – D-AMPS (Digital AMPS)
Time Division Multiple Access as an air interface
each 30 kHz channel pair into three time slots and digitally compressing the voice data, yielding three times the call capacity in a single cell.
IS-136 added a number of features to the original IS-54 specification, including text messaging, circuit switched data (CSD), and an improved compression protocol. SMS and CSD were both available as part of the GSM protocol, and IS-136 implemented them in a nearly identical fashion

20. 2G – cdmaOne (Code division multiple access)
CDMA is a digital radio system that transmits streams of bits. CDMA permits several radios to share the same frequencies.
network capacity does not directly limit the number of active radios. Since larger numbers of phones can be served by smaller numbers of cell-sites,
PDC

21. 2G – PDC (Personal Digital Cellular )
Used exclusively in Japan
TDMA
PDC uses 25 kHz carrier, 3 time slots, pi/4-DQPSK modulation and low bit-rate 11.2 kbit/s and 5.6 kbit/s (half-rate) voice codecs.

22. 2.5G GPRS - General Packet Radio Service
WiDEN - Wideband Integrated Dispatch Enhanced Network

23. 2.5G - GRPS http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Packet_Radio_Service
A mobile data service available to users of GSM mobile phones
Provide moderate speed data transfer, by using unused TDMA channels in the GSM network
Integrate into GSM as Release 97

24. 2.5G - WiDEN http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WiDEN Developed by Motorola
An enhancement of iDEN

25. 2.75G
CDMA200 1XRTT
EDGE - Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE)

26. 2.75 CDMA2000 1xRTT http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CDMA2000
Radio Transmission Technology
CDMA for digital radio
To send voice, data and signaling data between mobile telephones and cell sites
144 kbit/s packet data speeds
This has allowed it to be deployed in 2G spectrum in some countries which limit 3G systems to certain bands. 1xRTT doubles voice capacity over IS-95 networks.

27. 2.75G - EDGE
TDMA and GSM network
For any packet switched applications
384 kbit/s

28. 3G W-CDMA -Wideband Code Division Multiple Access CDMA2000 1XEV
UMTS
FOMA
CDMA2000 1XEV
TD-SCDMA

29. 3G - W-CDMA (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access)
UMTS - Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
the 3G successor to GSM which utilizes the W-CDMA air interface and GSM infrastructures.
Data transfer rates: 1920 kbit/s (GSM: 14.4kbit/s)

30. 3G - W-CDMA (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access)
FOMA - Freedom of Mobile Multimedia Access
Operated by NTT DoCoMo
Compatible with standard UMTS
In Japan

31. 3G – CDMA2000 1xEA (Evolution)
High data rate: 3.1Mbit/s

32. 3G – TD (Time Division Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access)
In People’s Republic of China
Based on spread spectrum CDMA technology
Time division duplexing

33. 3.5G HSDPA - High-Speed Downlink Packet Access 8-10Mbit/s over 5MHz
Implement Adaptive Modulation and Coding, multiple-input-multiple-output, hybrid automatic request.

34. 3.75G HSUPA -High-Speed Uplink Packet Access Similar to HSDPA
UMTS Release 6.0

35. 1G - 4G 1G – analog 2G – digital
3G – transfer both voice data, and non-voice data: information, and instant messaging. (3Mbit/s)
4G – 100Mbit/s moving to 1Gbit/s
Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
Orthogonal frequency division multiple access