RELIGIONS CHAPTER 6 | p. 183 – 221 Feb 3 – 13

TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 3 OBJECTIVE : describe the distribution of the major religions SOCRATIVE  HansenMHS Last name, First name

UNIVERSALIZING vs. ETHNIC RELIGIONS Universalizing Religion global appeals to many people spans across cultures Examples: Christianity Islam Buddhism Ethnic Religion appeals primarily to one group of people in one place remains within the culture from which it originated Examples: Hinduism Chinese traditional African traditional Judaism

ATHEISM vs. AGNOSTICISM ATHEISM belief that God does not exist AGNOSTICISM belief that nothing can be known about whether God exists

MONOTHEISM vs. POLYTHEISM MONOTHEISM belief that there is only one God Example: Judaism was the first monotheistic religion POLYTHEISM belief in more than one god Example: Pagans (i.e. Greeks, Romans)

PAGANISM vs. ANIMISM PAGANISM “Pagan” refers to the practice of ancient peoples, who had multiple gods Religions that predate Christianity and Islam Examples: Greeks, Romans ANIMISM belief that inanimate object (plants, stones) or natural events (thunderstorms) have spirits and conscious life Examples: 12% of Africans

Branches  Denominations  Sects Branch: large fundamental division Christianity Ex: Roman Catholic, Protestant, Orthodox Islam Example: Sunni, Shiite Denomination: division of a branch that unites local congregations Christianity Ex: Baptist, Methodist, Lutheran Sect: small group that has broken away from a denomination Christianity Ex: Puritanism

Maps of Religions Create a choropleth map of religions at the global and national scale : ① Major religions of the world ② Denominations in the United States

Christianity Most populous and most widespread religion Branches: Roman Catholic (51%) Protestant (24%) Orthodox (11%) Non-denominational (14%) Europe: Roman Catholic: southwest and east Protestantism: northwest Orthodoxy: east and southeast Western Hemisphere: 90% Christian Roman Catholics: Latin American, SW and NE USA, Quebec Protestants: USA

Independent Christian Churches Ethiopian Church: two shipwrecked Christians were taken as slaves and converted Ethiopian king to Christianity Armenian Church: Lebanon, Armenian, NE Turkey, western Azerbaijan Nagorno-Karabakh: want independence for this portion of Azerbaijan, since it is mostly Armenians Azerbaijan is mostly Shiite Muslims Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (Mormons) Regarded as separate from other branches Utah and surrounding states

Islam 1.5 billion adherents (Muslims) North Africa, Middle East, Central Asia Indonesia, Pakistan, Bangladesh, India Islam translates to “submission to the will of God” Branches: Sunni: 83% -- SW Asia and North Africa Shiite: 16% -- Iran, Pakistan, Iraq, Azerbaijan

Buddhism East Asia and SE Asia Branches Mahayana: 56% -- China, Japan, Korea Theravada: 38% -- Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Thailand Vajrayana: 6% -- Tibet, Mongolia SIG: differs from Western concepts of a formal religious system Can be Buddhist and follow other ethnic religions

Sikhism Pakistan God was revealed to Guru Nanak People continually improve toward perfection through their deeds and actions on Earth Principles of faith: Men wear turbans and never cut beards/hair