WMO / COST 718 Expert Meeting on Weather, Climate and Farmers November 2004 Geneva, Switzerland

Combining Earth Observation Data into a Crop Meteorological Damage Alert System ( Calamities Information System)

Calamities Information System An integrated system for the observation of climate hazard phenomena in agriculture through the Internet An integrated system for the observation of climate hazard phenomena in agriculture through the Internet A data combination model to estimate the crop damage and the farmers compensation A data combination model to estimate the crop damage and the farmers compensation

outline The goal is to monitor vegetation condition and to evaluate the impact of climate hazards on the environment and agriculture production. The goal is to monitor vegetation condition and to evaluate the impact of climate hazards on the environment and agriculture production. The System combines Earth Observation data with low resolution information in a ready-to-use form. The System combines Earth Observation data with low resolution information in a ready-to-use form. The system alerts the users, e.g. insurance companies, to crop damage and aids them to compensate farmers who have suffered. The system alerts the users, e.g. insurance companies, to crop damage and aids them to compensate farmers who have suffered. Night frost in early spring, late spring/summer drought and heat excess are the calamities which the System addresses. Night frost in early spring, late spring/summer drought and heat excess are the calamities which the System addresses.

outline The impact of climate hazards on vegetation condition and subsequent damage is assessed using meteorological and Earth Observation satellite data, as well as complementary information such as agricultural statistics, land use maps, tables of phenological stage by region and ground data measurements. The impact of climate hazards on vegetation condition and subsequent damage is assessed using meteorological and Earth Observation satellite data, as well as complementary information such as agricultural statistics, land use maps, tables of phenological stage by region and ground data measurements. Many types of data, e.g. stratification maps, administrative boundaries and risk maps per type of crop, are used and supplied depending on the calamity concerned. Many types of data, e.g. stratification maps, administrative boundaries and risk maps per type of crop, are used and supplied depending on the calamity concerned. In the case of frost and drought, data from a meteorological network are used to aid in the interpretation of satellite imagery. In the case of frost and drought, data from a meteorological network are used to aid in the interpretation of satellite imagery. The methodology is adapted to each climate hazard separately. The methodology is adapted to each climate hazard separately.

outline The main scheme can be described as follows: The main scheme can be described as follows: Under normal conditions, a monitoring system runs and systematically generates synoptic trends. Under normal conditions, a monitoring system runs and systematically generates synoptic trends. The monitoring system activates the alert system whenever risk factors are detected. The monitoring system activates the alert system whenever risk factors are detected. The alert system automatically produces The alert system automatically produces temperature maps of critical geographic areas, maps of high risk areas, maps of potential damages indication, maps of minimum and maximum temperatures, maps of drought index calculation, etc. These products are generated by a processing chain and are put at disposal of the end-users. The end-users consult these products using an on-line server.

METHODOLOGYMETHODOLOGY Land Cover Meteorological data Meteorological satellites Biological stages... Ground temperature map High resolution images DATA PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS MULTISCOPE ON LINE INTERNET SERVER Vegetation Index evolutions

Technical architecture Internet network EO, non EO and in-situ data Data processing tools Dissemination server CALIS data users

Test sites in France, Spain, Greece

FROST : Basic maps of nightly temperature Maps of Min T° within a given period Maps of sensitive areas Maps with boundaries of Potential damages Comparison between CALIS results and Expertise results DROUGHT, HEAT-EXCESS Key deliverables ON LINE INTERNET SERVER

CALIS data Land Cover data Daily AVHRR data Daily AVHRR data Hourly temperature measurements from ground meteorological stations

CALIS data Archive meteorological data (rainfall) Crop calendars Crop resistance to the risk Agro-meteorological regions limits Archive Ts and NDVI derived from AVHRR data

CALIS Server Products

Night temperatures map

Sensitive areas map

Potential damages map

Map of Heat excess temperatures

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