Ocean Bottom Chapter 3

Will lead to unlocking some of the mysteries of the ocean and may give insight into Earth’s past

Bathygraphic features Underwater physical features Underwater physical features Mountain ranges Mountain ranges Canyons Canyons Valleys Valleys

Two Major Features of the Ocean Bottom The Continental Margins The Continental Margins The region beneath the ____________zone The region beneath the ____________zone The Ocean Basin The Ocean Basin The _____________of the ocean beyond the continental margin The _____________of the ocean beyond the continental margin

Continental Margins The continental shelf The continental shelf Shallow submerged_____________________ Shallow submerged_____________________ The continental slopes The continental slopes __________________between the continental shelf and the deep floor of the ocean __________________between the continental shelf and the deep floor of the ocean

Continental Margins continued Submarine Canyons Submarine Canyons Probably formed by _________on land during periods of_________________ Probably formed by _________on land during periods of_________________ Continental Rise Continental Rise A gentle slope at the base of a steep______________________ A gentle slope at the base of a steep______________________

Ocean Basin Four main ocean basins Four main ocean basins Pacific Pacific Atlantic Atlantic Indian Indian Arctic Arctic Antarctic (also considered to be an ocean) Antarctic (also considered to be an ocean)

Geological formations found in Ocean Basins Abyssal Plains and Hills Abyssal Plains and Hills _____________- flat expanse of the ocean basin _____________- flat expanse of the ocean basin ______________ – as high as 1,000 meters (3,300 feet) ______________ – as high as 1,000 meters (3,300 feet) Seamounts Seamounts Formed from underwater_____________ Formed from underwater_____________ Found mostly in the Pacific Ocean Found mostly in the Pacific Ocean

Geological formations found in Ocean Basins cont. Ridges and Rises Ridges and Rises A continuous series of large, underwater, volcanic mountains runs through every ocean of the world A continuous series of large, underwater, volcanic mountains runs through every ocean of the world Trenches – most common in the Pacific Ocean Trenches – most common in the Pacific Ocean Mariana Trench Mariana Trench The deepest of all ocean trenches – The _____________________is 11,020 meters (6.85 miles) deep. The deepest spot on earth The deepest of all ocean trenches – The _____________________is 11,020 meters (6.85 miles) deep. The deepest spot on earth Island arcs Island arcs Chains of volcanic islands usually associated with trenches Chains of volcanic islands usually associated with trenches

the mid-ocean ridge is the largest single geological feature on the Earth's surface. the Mid-Ocean Ridge is an underwater series of mountain ranges that snakes 40,000 miles (64,000 kilometers) around the globe, from the Arctic, through the Atlantic Ocean, the Indian Ocean and across the Pacific Ocean. the Mid-Ocean Ridge is an underwater series of mountain ranges that snakes 40,000 miles (64,000 kilometers) around the globe, from the Arctic, through the Atlantic Ocean, the Indian Ocean and across the Pacific Ocean. the highest peaks rise ____________feet (3,000 meters) above the sea floor. the highest peaks rise ____________feet (3,000 meters) above the sea floor.

Life on the Ocean Floor Continental Shelf Continental Shelf Shallow Shallow Sunlight________________________ Sunlight________________________ High levels of _________________wash in from the continent High levels of _________________wash in from the continent High levels of ________________and nutrients makes the area very productive and marine life is __________________on the continental shelf High levels of ________________and nutrients makes the area very productive and marine life is __________________on the continental shelf

Life on the Ocean Floor cont. Abyssal Plain Abyssal Plain Deep water Deep water No sunlight, no__________________ No sunlight, no__________________ Food production is by way of _______________________bacteria in vent communities Food production is by way of _______________________bacteria in vent communities Life is not abundant on the ocean floor because____________________________ Life is not abundant on the ocean floor because____________________________