Malaria By:Emmaline Lamp Noah Wasosky Ryan Stainer Mckayla Boyd Tyler Vlaiku

Malaria is a parasitic disease that involves high fevers, shaking chills, flu-like symptoms, and anemia Malaria parasites are micro-organisms that belong to the genus Plasmodium. Type of Disease

●Malaria or disease resembling malaria has been recorded for more than 4,000 years. ●The word Malaria in French means “bad air.” ● It was first reported in China then it became well known throughout Greece. History of Malaria

Description of Malaria Malaria is a parasitic disease that involves high fevers, shaking chills, flu-like symptoms, and anemia Malaria is caused by a parasite that is passed from one human to another by the bite of infected Anophelesmosquitoes. After infection, the parasites (called sporozoites) travel through the bloodstream to the liver, where they mature and release another form, the merozoites. The parasites enter the bloodstream and infect red blood cells. The parasites multiply inside the red blood cells, which then break open within 48 to 72 hours, infecting more red blood cells. The first symptoms usually occur 10 days to 4 weeks after infection, though they can appear as early as 8 days or as long as a year after infection. The symptoms occur in cycles of 48 to 72 hours.

Symptoms of Malaria People May Experience: ● Pain in the abdomen or muscles ● Diarrhea or Vomiting ● Malaise ● Sweating ● Nausea ● Fever ● Night sweats ● Shivering ● Dizziness ● Chills ● Fatigue

Symptoms of Malaria ● Headache ● Yellow skin and eyes ● Mental Confusion ● Pallor ● Shortness of breath ● Fast heart rate

Transmission of Malaria ● Malaria is transmitted among humans by female mosquitoes. ● The female mosquitoes transmit malaria when they take blood also called a blood meal to carry out egg production ● The mosquito takes the blood a person with malaria and after 10 to 21 days of of needed development can be transmitted to other people. ● Malaria needs ambient temperature and humidity and whether the mosquito survives long enough to allow the parasite to complete its cycle ● Malaria can also be transmitted from a mother to her unborn baby (congenitally) and by blood transfusions.

Video for Transmission

Where it Originated ● Malaria was first discovered in 2700 BCE in Ancient China.

Cures or Treatment Malaria, especially falciparum malaria, is a medical emergency that requires a hospital stay. Chloroquine is often used as an anti-malarial medication. But chloroquine-resistant infections are common in some parts of the world. Possible treatments for chloroquine-resistant infections include: ● Artemisinin derivative combinations, including artemether and lumefantrine ● Atovaquone-proguanil ● Quinine-based regimen, in combination with doxycycline or clindamycin) ● Mefloquine, in combination with artesunate or doxycycline Choice of medication depends in part on where you were when you were infected. Medical care, including fluids through a vein (IV) and other medications and breathing (respiratory) support may be needed.

Works Cited "Anopheles Mosquitoes." Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. - Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, 9 Nov Web. 2 Apr "Malaria Treatment (United States)." Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. N.p., 09 Nov Web. 2 Apr "Malaria." MedlinePlus. American Accreditation HealthCare Commission, 16 Mar Web. 2 Apr "The History of Malaria, an Ancient Disease." Malaria. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 09 Nov Web. 2 Apr "The History of Malaria, an Ancient Disease." CDC. Web. 6 Apr Malaria Treatment. N.d. Photograph. DigherbsWeb. 6 Apr 2015.