 A noun (or a substantive) (Arabic: اِسْمٌ = "a name") is a name or an attribute of a person (Ali), place (Mecca), thing (house), or quality (honor).  Nouns that designate immaterial things (honor) are called abstract nouns.  Nouns that are Permanent names of persons or places are called proper nouns أَسْمَاْءُ عَلَمٍ,

الأسم المؤنث و المذ كر

 All nouns in Modern Standard Arabic are either masculine or feminine.  Adjectives must follow the nouns they modify in terms of gender.  In Arabic, all nouns must have a gender, e.g. the word for chair ( كرسي ) is masculine while the word for table ( طاولة ) is feminine.  Learners of Arabic should learn the gender of all nouns as they meet them

 General rule is “add a “taa’ marbuta” (( ة, ــة to form the feminine from a masculine word, and omit it to form the masculine  To form a feminine word from the masculine in Arabic, you simply add “taa’ marbuta” which looks like ( ة ) or ( ـة ) depending on the word it’s connected to. Usually for animals, humans and professions… for example:  kalb كلب (masculine dog) è kalba كلبة (dog feminine)

Sadeeq صديق (friend masculine) è Sadeeqa صديقة (friend feminine) Hazeen حزين (sad masculine) è hazeenah حزينة (sad feminine) Kabeer كبير (big masculine) è kabeerah كبيرة (big feminine)

 nouns are supposed to be masculine unless there is a feminine marker “taa’ marbuta” (( ة, ــة affixed to them. As we have mentioned  The difference between a tied taa ـَة and an open one ت is that a tied taa'< is pronounced ah or a Like سيارة “ Sayarah” means car

Sky سماء samaa’ is feminine even if there is no “taa’ marbuta” (( ة, ــة at the end of the word, Wind ريح reeh is feminine even if it’s not ending with a “taa’ marbuta”.