Antibiotics Review 10 August :39 AM

Amikacin Aminoglycoside antibiotic Bactericidal protein synthesis inhibitor 30S ribosome Freezes initiation

Aminoglycosides Antibiotics Bactericidal protein synthesis inhibitors 30S ribosome Freeze initiation

Ampicillin Penicillin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor Amino penicillin Inhibits peptidoglycan cross-linking

Amphotericin B Antifungal Polyene antibiotic Binds to ergosterol and alters permeability Systemic

Azithromycin Macrolide antibiotic Bacteriostatic protein synthesis inhibitor 50S ribosome Inhibits translocation

Aztreonam New  lactam antibiotic Monobactam

Bacitracin Antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor Topical, not a  lactam, Inhibits dephosphorylation of bactoprenol

Benzathine penicillin G Penicillin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor Inhibits peptidoglycan cross-linking Repository preparation

Carbenicillin Penicillin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor Anti-pseudomonal penicillin Inhibits peptidoglycan cross-linking

Cefaclor Cephalosporin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor 2 nd generation Oral

Cefadroxil Cephalosporin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor 1 st generation Oral

Cefepime Cephalosporin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor 4 th generation CSF penetration

Cefotaxime Cephalosporin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor 3 rd generation CSF penetration

Cefoxitin Cephalosporin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor 2 nd generation

Ceftazidime Cephalosporin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor 3 rd generation

Ceftriaxone Cephalosporin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor 3 rd generation CSF penetration

Cefuroxime Cephalosporin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor 2 nd generation CSF penetration

Cephalexin Cephalosporin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor 1 st generation Oral

Cephalosporins Antibiotics  lactam Cell wall synthesis inhibitors Inhibit cross-linking of peptidoglycan

Cephalothin Cephalosporin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor 1 st generation Oral

Chloramphenicol Antibiotic Bacteriostatic protein synthesis inhibitor 50S ribosome Inhibits peptide bond formation

Ciprofloxacin Fluoroquinolone antibiotic DNA replication inhibitor Inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase

Clarithromycin Macrolide antibiotic Bacteriostatic protein synthesis inhibitor Antiulcer 50S ribosome Inhibits translocation

Clavulanic acid  -lactamase inhibitor Combined with antibacterials

Clindamycin Antibiotic Bacteriostatic protein synthesis inhibitor 50S ribosome Anaerobic infections

Cloxacillin Penicillin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor Penicillinase resistant penicillin Inhibits peptidoglycan cross-linking

Cycloserine Antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor Secondary TB drug Inhibits formation of Park nucleotide

Dapsone Sulfone antibiotic Nucleic acid and protein synthesis inhibitor Inhibits dihydropteroate synthetase Leprosy

Doxycycline Tetracycline antibiotic Bacteriostatic protein synthesis inhibitor 30S ribosome Prevents aminoacyl tRNA attachment

Erythromycin Macrolide antibiotic Bacteriostatic protein synthesis inhibitor 50S ribosome Inhibits translocation

Ethambutol Antibiotic Major drug for tuberculosis

Ethionamide Antibiotic Secondary drug for tuberculosis

Fluorinated Quinolones ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin Antibiotics DNA replication inhibitors Inhibit bacterial DNA gyrase

Gentamicin Aminoglycoside antibiotic bactericidal protein synthesis inhibitor 30S ribosome Freezes initiation

Imipenem/Cilastatin New  lactam antibiotic Cilastatin inhibits a kidney dipeptidase that inactivates imipenem

Isoniazid Antibiotic Inhibits biosynthesis of mycolic acids Major drug for tuberculosis

Linezolid Oxazolidinone antibiotic Protein synthesis inhibitor 50S ribosomal subunit

Macrolides erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin Antibiotics Bacteriostatic protein synthesis inhibitors 50S ribosome

Methicillin Penicillin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor Pencillinase resistant penicillin Inhibits peptidoglycan cross-linking

Metronidazole Antibiotic Antiparasitic Antiulcer Anaerobes Reduction leads to intermediates that damage DNA

Minocycline Tetracycline antibiotic Bacteriostatic protein synthesis inhibitor 30S ribosome Prevents aminoacyl tRNA attachment

Nafcillin Penicillin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor Penicillinase resistant penicillin Inhibits peptidoglycan cross-linking

Neomycin Aminoglycoside antibiotic Bactericidal protein synthesis inhibitor 30S ribosome Freezes initiation Topical

Netilmicin Aminoglycoside antibiotic Bactericidal protein synthesis inhibitor 30S ribosome Freezes initiation

Norfloxacin Fluoroquinolone antibiotic DNA replication inhibitor Inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase

Nystatin Antifungal Polyene antibiotic Binds to ergosterol & alters permeability Topical

Oxacillin Penicillin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor Pencillinase resistant penicillin Inhibits peptidoglycan cross-linking

Oxytetracycline Tetracycline antibiotic Bacteriostatic protein synthesis inhibitor 30S ribosome Prevents aminoacyl tRNA attachment

Para-aminosalicylic acid Antibiotic Nucleic acid and protein synthesis inhibitor Inhibits dihydropteroate synthetase Secondary TB drug

Penicillins  lactam antibiotics Cell wall synthesis inhibitors Inhibit cross-linking of peptidoglycan

Penicillin G Penicillin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor Acid labile Inhibits peptidoglycan cross-linking

Penicillin V Penicillin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor More acid resistant than Penicillin G Inhibits peptidoglycan cross-linking

Piperacillin Penicillin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor Anti-pseudomonal penicillin Inhibits peptidoglycan cross-linking

Polymyxin B Antibiotic Disrupts gram negative cell membrane Binds phosphatidylethanolamine Bactericidal

Procaine Penicillin G Penicillin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor Repository preparation Inhibits peptidoglycan cross-linking

Pyrazinamide Antibiotic Major drug for tuberculosis

Rifampin Antibiotic Nucleic acid synthesis inhibitor Inhibits DNA dependent RNA polymerase Major drug for TB

Silver sulfadiazine Sulfonamide antibiotic Microbial nucleic acid and protein synthesis inhibitor Inhibits dihydropteroate synthetase Topical

Spectinomycin Antibiotic Bacteriostatic protein synthesis inhibitor 30S ribosome

Streptomycin Aminoglycoside antibiotic Bactericidal protein synthesis inhibitor 30S ribosome Freezes initiation

Sulfacetamide Sulfonamide antibiotic Microbial nucleic acid and protein synthesis inhibitor Inhibits dihydropteroate synthetase Topical

Sulfadoxine Sulfonamide antibiotic Microbial nucleic acid and protein synthesis inhibitor Dihydropteroate synthetase inhibitor

Sulfamethoxazole Sulfonamide antibiotic Microbial nucleic acid and protein synthesis inhibitor Inhibits dihydropteroate synthetase

Sulfisoxazole Sulfonamide antibiotic Nucleic acid and protein synthesis inhibitor Inhibits dihydropteroate synthetase

Sulfonamides Antibiotics Nucleic acid and protein synthesis inhibitors Inhibit dihydropteroate synthetase

Tetracycline Antibiotic Bacteriostatic protein synthesis inhibitor Antiulcer 30S ribosome Prevents aminoacyl tRNA attachment

Ticarcillin Penicillin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor Anti-pseudomonal penicillin Inhibits peptidoglycan cross-linking

Tobramycin Aminoglycoside antibiotic Bactericidal protein synthesis inhibitor 30S ribosome Freezes initiation

Trimethoprim Antibiotic Protein and nucleic acid synthesis inhibitor Inhibits bacterial dihydrofolate reductase

Trimetrexate Antibiotic Folic acid antagonist Treatment for Pneumocystis carinii

Vancomycin Antibiotic Inhibits cell wall synthesis Not a  lactam