1 Supplements to Enhance Sports Performance Sara Bousfield HW499 Kaplan University Professor Eaves July 29, 2013

2August 10, 2015 Supplements to Enhance Sports Performance What supplements are Why they are used Benefits vs. risks Fact or fiction Wrap up

3August 10, 2015 What supplements are  Ergogenic aids  Dietary supplements or food products that enhance athletic performance  Energy drinks, gels  Protein Powders or Bars (Whey and Soy)  Vitamins, Minerals, and Herbs  Creatine, BCAA, Chromium Picolinate, Pyruvate Supplements to Enhance Sports Performance

4August 10, 2015 Why athletes use supplements Supplements  Improve health  Increase endurance  Increase strength (muscle mass) and power  Burn fat/lose weight Supplements to Enhance Sports Performance

5August 10, 2015 Energy DrinksBenefits Risks  Red Bull  Rock Star  Monster  5-hour Energy  More alert  Sharpen focus  Improve energy levels  Increased reaction time  Not regulated  Contain high levels of taurine and guarana  No limits on caffeine  Tolerance to caffeine Supplements to Enhance Sports Performance

6August 10, 2015 Protein SupplementsBenefits Risks  Whey  Soy  Casein  Egg albumin  Milk (cow or goat)  Shakes, Powders, bars, gels  Quick way to get protein  Overall better health  Better overall physical activity  Soy Protein cardiovascular health  Not regulated  Excess protein builds up Ketones  Excess Soy can cause goiters  Stomach upset Supplements to Enhance Sports Performance

7August 10, 2015 Vitamins and Minerals  Adequate vitamin intake is crucial to performance  Water and fat soluble  Micronutrients – Meaning less is needed  Female athletes prone to iron deficiencies  If not enough vitamins consumed in a regular diet, supplement recommended Supplements to Enhance Sports Performance

8August 10, 2015 Herbs  Largely unstudied  Not regulated  Natural does not mean safe  Could test positive for drugs  Toxic levels not known Supplements to Enhance Sports Performance

9August 10, 2015 Other SupplementsTheir Claim Actual Findings  Branched-Chain Amino Acids  Chromium Picolinate  Creatine  Pyruvate  Delays fatigue/Boosts immune system  Weight loss aid/Body composition changes  Increase lean body mass/Strength/exercise performance  Promotes weight loss/endurance – decrease body fat  Has not been shown to delay fatigue  No evidence to support weight loss May cause oxidative damage/kidney failure  Positive results though some people do not respond  Does not enhance performance / Causes stomach upset Supplements to Enhance Sports Performance

10August 10, 2015 Fact or Fiction  Learn the facts  Labels can be deceiving  Watch for:  Claims that it is right for everyone  Claims to be quick and easy  Secret Formula  Testimonials  Belittles the science and medicine Supplements to Enhance Sports Performance

11August 10, 2015 A little bit about Doping  EPO  Used by patients with anemia  Prohibited in 1990  Widely misused by competing athletes Supplements to Enhance Sports Performance

12August 10, 2015 Recap  There are a wide variety of supplements available  They are not for everyone  Best to research before using  Weigh benefits and risks  Watch out for fraud Supplements to Enhance Sports Performance

13August 10, 2015 It’s up to you to be aware Questions Supplements to Enhance Sports Performance

14August 10, 2015 References: Brown-Riggs, C. (2013). Ergogenic Aids — Competitive Edge or Hidden Danger? Retrieved June 7, 2013 from Eat Right. (2013). Supplements and Ergogenic Aids for Athletes. Retrieved June 7 from Etcheverry, P. (2013). Protein Supplements: The Good, The Bad, and & The Ugly… Retrieved July 30, 2013 from Fink, H., Burgoon, L.A., Mikesky, A.E. (2009). Practical Applications in Sports Nutrition. (2nd ed.). Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett Reichel, C. (2011). Recent developments in doping testing for erythropoietin. Analytical And Bioanalytical Chemistry, 401 (2), doi: /s y Winterstein and Storrs,(2001). Herbal Supplements: Considerations for the Athletic Trainer. Retrieved July 30, 2013 from Supplements to Enhance Sports Performance