CIVIL AIR SEARCH AND RESCUE ASSOCIATION PILOT TRAINING COURSE Phase 5 In-Flight Procedures

Pilot Responsibility The CASARA Pilot has the ultimate responsibility for the safety and well-being of the crew Any actions or decisions made by any crew member that may affect the safety of the crew or may affect the objective of the mission, need to be known to the pilot In flight, the pilot makes the final decision

Communication The CASARA Pilot should normally handle all radio communications with ATC, Search Headquarters or any other aircraft In some flight crew situations, the navigator may use the radio only by mutual agreement with the pilot such as sending a NOCL message Inter-crew communications should be kept to a minimum and should cease if anything is heard on the aircraft radio

Spotter Distance Briefing Prior to commencing the actual search, the pilot or navigator should review with the spotters, the scanning range and search object details An identifiable object or landmark on the ground on each side of the aircraft should be selected to demonstrate the scanning range for each spotter

Spotter Call Around Prior to beginning a search, the CASARA Pilot should emphasize to the spotters to be assertive in calling the aircraft around if any possible target is seen All other crew communications should cease if a spotter is calling the aircraft around Only the spotter who saw the target and the pilot should communicate at this time

Spotter Rest Being a spotter is a tiring job The pilot should allow the spotters to rest their eyes at every possible opportunity If instructed by Search Headquarters to make turns outside the assigned search area, take advantage of that opportunity to rest spotter eyes An occasional 360º turn or two during your search is acceptable for spotter rest

Search Track Deviations As your navigator periodically marks your location along your search tracks, there may be occasions where a deviation has been made with loss of coverage The pilot and navigator need to decide if a backtrack is necessary or the missed area can be covered on the next pass Any assigned search areas missed should be identified to Search Headquarters

Aircraft Retasking While training or during an actual search, your aircraft may be sent to another location using a different search pattern Once your navigator has given the pilot the new heading, ask your spotters to rest Prior to beginning a new tasking, the pilot will have to brief the crew on the new search object, search pattern, altitude and distance Search Headquarters should be advised of start time “on scene” as well as your revised Bingo time

Target Sighted If a probable target has been sighted, the aircraft crew will communicate a NOCL to Search Headquarters or JRCC Remain over the target until a rescue party arrives, your Bingo time is up or as directed by Search Headquarters or JRCC You may be able to communicate with the search object, a ground or air rescue crew and provide directions or relay radio calls

NOCL (Notice of Crash Location)

Notice of Crash Location Form

NOCL Message Format Refer to inside back cover of CASARA Handbook ALPHA Affirmative - positive identification that the object sighted is the search object or Negative - unable to positively determine that the object is the search object

NOCL Message Format BRAVO An eight or nine digit group denoting latitude and longitude position without north or west being used Read over the radio in continuous single numbers Bravo 4 8 4 6 5 2 3 7

NOCL Message Format CHARLIE Negative - when no survivors or casualties can be seen Number - any number of survivors or casualties actually seen, followed by: Undetermined - when the status of the survivors or casualties cannot be determined Red - Immediate treatment and evacuation (priority 1) Yellow - Early treatment and evacuation (priority 2) Green - Routine treatment and evacuation (priority 3) Blue - Deferred treatment and evacuation (priority 4) White - Uninjured Grey - Missing Black - Dead

NOCL Message Format DELTA ONE - side of hill, also indicate N,S, E or W slope TWO - in valley, also indicate N, S, E or W side of valley floor THREE - in level country FOUR - heavily wooded area (can be used with one, two or three) FIVE - in water: ALPHA - near shore BRAVO - well off shore

NOCL Message Format ECHO ONE - request authorization to deploy SAR Techs TWO - a helicopter will be required THREE - a ground party could reach the location in good time FOUR - a rescue boat will be required

NOCL Message Format FOXTROT Remarks - Briefly provide any detail which will allow JRCC to initiate appropriate action , bearing in mind that the transmission is not secure For example: inform how long you can remain on the scene request an ETA for onscene of SAR aircraft or relief aircraft

Crash Location if you can, hold an altitude higher than SAR Rescue aircraft to provide a homing target provide whatever assistance you are able to give when requested all other aircraft remain on assigned task

CASARA Handbook CASARA Handbook is invaluable for all phases of SAR operations and training. The NOCL message is on the back cover of the CASARA Handbook.

In-Flight Procedures End of Phase 5