E-learning in Developing Countries E-learning in Developing Countries BADRUL HUDA KHAN MCWEADON EDUCATION, USA BADRUL HUDA KHAN MCWEADON EDUCATION, USA

Slide 2 E-Learning is Global E-Learning is here to stay

Slide 3 Today, I would focus on A Global Framework for E-Learning Initiative for Bangladesh Virtual University QA

Slide 4 A high quality e-learning system must be meaningful to all stakeholders groups: Learners Instructors Technical & Support Staff Organization

Slide 5 An e-learning system is more likely to be meaningful to learners when it is easily accessible clearly organized well written authoritatively presented learner ‑ centered affordable efficient flexible, and has a facilitated learning environment.

Slide 6 When learners display a high level of participation and success in meeting a course's goals and objectives, this can make e-learning meaningful to instructors.

Slide 7 When learners enjoy all available support services provided in the course without any interruptions, it makes support services staff happy as they strive to provide easy-to-use, reliable services.

Slide 8 Finally, e-learning is meaningful to an organization when it has a sound return-on-investment (ROI), a moderate to high level of learners' satisfaction with both the quality of instruction and all support services, and a low drop- out rate.

Slide 9 Today, I would like to introduce a Framework which I believe will help us identify important criteria for quality E-Learning.

Slide 10 A Flexible Framework for E-Learning

Slide 11 Ethical Institutional ResourceSupport On-line and off-line resources & support Management Meaningful Pedagogical Evaluation Technological InterfaceDesign Learning and teaching issuesInfrastructure, hardware and software Physical layout and navigation Content development and maintenance Academic, administrative & student services Ethical considerations in e-learning Assessment of learner, evaluation of learning environment Learning

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Slide 14 © BADRUL KHAN e-learning

5. MANAGEMENT 5.1 E ‑ Learning Content Development 5.2 E-Learning Maintenance 6. RESOURCE SUPPORT 6.1 Online support 6.2 Resources 7. ETHICAL 7.1 Social and Political Influence 7.2 Cultural Diversity 7.3 Bias 7.4 Geographical diversity 7.5 Learner diversity 7.6 Digital Divide 7.7 Etiquette 7.8 Legal issues 8. INSTITUTIONAL 8.1 Administrative Affairs 8.2 Academic affairs 8.2 Student services 1. PEDAGOGICAL 1.1 Content Analysis 1.2 Audience Analysis 1.3 Goal Analysis 1.4 Medium Analysis 1.5 Design approach 1.6 Organization 1.7 Methods and Strategies 2. TECHNOLOGICAL 2.1 Infrastructure planning 2.2 Hardware 2.3 Software 3. INTERFACE DESIGN 3.1 Page and site design 3.2 Content design 3.3 Navigation 3.4 Accessibility 3.5 Usability testing 4. EVALUATION 4.1 Assessment of learners 4.2 Evaluation of the instruction & learning environment

P EDAGOGICAL Content Audience Goals Medium Design Organization Methods What types of content are appropriate to teach via e-learning versus classroom?

P EDAGOGICAL Content Audience Goals Medium Design Organization Methods What types of content are appropriate to teach via e-learning versus classroom?

P EDAGOGICAL Content Audience Goals Medium Design Organization Methods What types of content are appropriate to teach via e-learning versus classroom?

RECAP As you can see Videoconferencing can be used by medical students and professionals to observe how a surgeon performs the surgery. Instructional Method: E-Learning Videoconferencing Learning Strategy: Instructional Demonstration But, medical students must be actively involved in hands ‑ on learning activity to learn how to operate on patients. Instructional Method: Instructor-facilitated f-2-f classroom Instructional Strategy: Action Learning By appropriately combining content appropriate to both e ‑ learning method and classroom based instruction, we can develop meaningful blended learning.

P EDAGOGICAL Content Audience Goals Medium Design Organization Methods Content Suitability Testing STABLE Content DYNAMIC Content

P EDAGOGICAL Content Audience Goals Medium Design Organization Methods Who are the learners? Do we have adequate information about the learners at a distance?

P EDAGOGICAL Content Audience Goals Medium Design Organization Methods What is the instructor’s role? - more facilitative than didactic (instructor- facilitated) - more didactic than facilitative (instructor -led) - a combination of both

T echnological Infrastructure Planning Hardware Software Does the program have personnel who can assist learners to set up for starting the course?

Interface Design Page and Site Design Content Design Navigation Accessibility Usability Testing Do Web pages look good in a variety of Web browsers?

Interface Design Page and Site Design Content Design Navigation Accessibility Usability Testing Is the program designed to be accessible by a wider user population? (A common accessibility concern in the USA -- Is the course 508 compliant?)

E valuation Assessment of Learners Evaluation of Instruction & Learning Environment Does the e-learning program have a mechanism in which a learner can be truly measured and not cheat?

E valuation Assessment of Learners Evaluation of Instruction & Learning Environment Does the program have a system to accept students’ online evaluation of the following? - content - instructor - learning environment - learning resources - course design - technical support

M anagement Content Development Maintenance Does the administration notify students about any changes in due dates or other course relevant matters (e.g., server down) via following means? - - Twitter - announcement page - alert boxes - running footer added to a page - phone call - mail - other

R esource S upport Online Support Resources Does the course provide troubleshooting (or expert technical support from specialized staff) assistance or a help line?

R esource S upport Online Support Resources Does the course provide examples of previous student's work on the Web?

E thical Social/Political Influence Cultural Diversity Bias Geographical Diversity Learner Diversity Digital Divide Etiquette Legal Issues To improve cross-cultural verbal communication and avoid misunderstanding, does the course make an effort to reduce or avoid the use of jargon, idioms, ambiguous or cute humor, and acronyms?

The “thumbs up” gesture meaning well done in the US, represents an obscenity meaning in Iraq, Iran, and Thailand. In Bangladesh it is a derogatory term.

E thical Social/Political Influence Cultural Diversity Bias Geographical Diversity Learner Diversity Digital Divide Etiquette Legal Issues Is the program offered to geographically diverse population? If yes... Is the program sensitive about students from different time- zones (e.g. synchronous communications are scheduled at reasonable times for all time zones represented)?

Slide 35 Dhaka, Bangladesh 4:00 AM (Night time) USA (DC) 5:00 PM (Day time) Can’t schedule a live chat.

Slide 36 I nstitutional Administrative Affairs Academic Affairs Student Services Is the institution ready to offer online courses to a globally diverse population? Institutional Readiness

Slide 37 I nstitutional Administrative Affairs Academic Affairs Student Services Does e-learning provide academic quality such as one would expect in a traditional course? Online Education Quality

Slide 38 Within the scope of today’s presentation, I have presented few learning issues in the form of questions that you can ask yourself when planning, designing, evaluating or implementing meaningful E-Learning for diverse learners worldwide.

Slide 39 B angladesh V irtual U niversity A Hub for Excellence in Open and Flexible Learning In with collaborations with academic and training institutions in Bangladesh and abroad BangladeshVirtualUniversity.com

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Slide 42 Recommendation For e-learning collaborations internationally, please join McWeadon Facebook at the following site: www. facebook.com/mcweadon1

Slide 43 Recommendation For e-learning collaborations internationally, please join McWeadon Facebook at the following site: www. facebook.com/mcweadon1

Slide 44 References Website: B adrul K han.com/

Slide 45 Announcement A New Book by Badrul Khan Meaningful E-Learning (in Bangla) By UPL

All Presentation materials are available at: e S onar B angladesh.com All Presentation materials are available at: e S onar B angladesh.com