Ancient Greece: Architecture and Sculpture

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Presentation transcript:

Ancient Greece: Architecture and Sculpture The Greeks considered their temples dwelling places for the gods. The highest goal for the Greeks was appeasing the gods in hopes that the gods would bestow rewards on them. Oracles and omens were an important part of their religious practices. The marble temples were painted brightly in rich colors, but time has worn off the original colors.

Greek buildings utilized the Post-and-Lintel system.

Parts of a Greek Temple Pediment Lintel Platform

Doric Order The earliest and most basic style Iktinos, Kallikrates, and Karpion. The Parthenon (view from the west), Akropolis, Athens. 448 - 432 BCE. The earliest and most basic style Banned Frieze (ABA pattern) Emphasis on stability and grace Massive and weighty Heavy use of entasis-where the column appears thicker at the base. Etymology: ‘to strain’

Ionic Order Fairly fluid style, more decorative Capital carved into double scrolls like ram horns Suited only for small temples initially Light and graceful Continuous friezes Thinner column shafts Kallikrates, Temple of Athena Nike, Acropolis, Athens, c. 421 - 405 BCE.

Corinthian Order Capitals elongated Temple of Olympian Zeus Athens, Greece c. 500 BCE Capitals elongated With curly shoots and leaves (Complex & organic) Invented in the late 5th century by a metalworker named Kallimachos Became the standard capital for Roman architects

Porch of the Maidens, the Erechtheum, Akropolis, Athens. 421 - 405 BC. Caryatid = a sculptured female figure used as an architectural support

Find a piece of architecture located somewhere in North Carolina that uses the Greek Post-and-Lintel Temple Structure. You must find: A picture of the building Name of building Date built Location *Identify which order/or combination of orders have been used and explain which characteristics cause you to think so.

The Wilkes Heritage Museum The original courthouse was built in 1902 Wilkesboro, NC Ionic Order- Columns have a base, scrolled capital, and continuous frieze