Feedback from the C&I Expert Panel Jeroen Kuenen & Carlo Trozzi Co-chairs of the Expert Panel on Combustion & Industry Stockholm, 3 May 2011

The C&I Expert Panel meeting We discussed the Guidebook: 3 updated chapters A more fundamental discussion Presentations on a variety of topics within the Expert Panel Update on ongoing activities in the Expert Panel Discussion on Guidebook improvements

Guidebook chapters Three chapters have been discussed: 2.A.1 Cement production 2.C.2 Ferroalloys production 2.C.5.c Nickel production Chapters have been approved provided a couple of changes are made to them Add a couple of missing references Correct Tier 1 emission factors for nickel production as discussed Circulate chapter among C&I members for comments

Guidebook discussion A more fundamental discussion was raised on how to deal with time series consistency when updating chapters. Countries need to compile inventories for past years; how does the Guidebook deal with changing emission factors in this respect? (problem mainly in Tier 1) For now it was agreed that a footnote will be added to each table being updated to be able to identify updated emission factors. This issue needs more fundamental thinking and discussion in the TFEIP community in view of future Guidebook updates

Electricity generation Rémi Bussac (Eurelectric) presented an updated document for emission estimation methods for E-PRTR Document contains emission factors, general & specific calculation methods and flue gas volumes which might be useful for inventory compilers Document will be made available through a link at the TFEIP C&I website Eurelectric expressed the wish to be more involved in the TFEIP work and contribute more actively to the improvement of the Guidebook, which is very much welcomed and appreciated by the Expert Panel

Combined Heat and Power Plants (CHP) Ole Kenneth Nielsen presented a measurement study conducted in Denmark regarding CHP plants Following new national legislation, emission abatement was required on these installations. This measurement study resulted in a lot of emission factors for CHP with different abatement types, as well as for natural gas engines. Report will be made available through the TFEIP C&I website

Product use Product (non-solvent) use is a source of emissions often overlooked A report from the OECD PRTR Task Force has addressed part of these activities (available online) Nordic countries have done some case studies on releases from the use of some of these products (e.g. construction, electrical equipment, nanoproducts, plastic, personal care products) Of specific interest for some HMs and POPs Main challenge is to find activity statistics, which are not (easily) available in most countries A new project next year will address methods for selected sources

Cement production Cement production is an important source of emissions, but methodologies for estimating emissions are insufficient Methodology split over 2 chapters (combustion vs. process) PM and HM estimated independently (problematic) Tier 3 approach suggested for HMs based on heavy metal contents in dust instead of HM EFs separately, accompanied by a table of HM content in cement dust This information will be reviewed by the Expert Panel and if possible included in the Guidebook in the next updating cycle

EU-wide PM0.1 emission inventory Inventory data for PM10 have been combined with PM fractionation profiles Inventory data taken from LRTAP, E-PRTR and LCPD reporting By NFR code and fuel Fractionation profiles from UK NAEI and other literature Gapfilling and harmonization Results show high importance of transport in PM0.1 mass (>50%) Variety of industrial sources contributing, key sectors are the iron and steel industry, electricity industry, petroleum refining

Small combustion (focus on wood) Large uncertainties with wood combustion activity statistics: Statistics, model and survey result in much different values A Tier 3 methodology can be derived based on an Italian study Input temperature data from meteorological model Information on climatic region, home type, technology, fuel needed from national census, surveys Use energy model to calculate specific heat demand per home Calculate total annual energy demand Compare to official data and correct/iterate where necessary

Update on ongoing activities Issue with regarding to cremation chapter Emission factors wrongly attributed to animal carcasses will be removed from the Guidebook For solvent use, discussion with ESIG is in process to release sales data for a variety of sources (rather detailed) within the solvent use sectors Also, an Italian contribution to a Tier 3 methodology for domestic solvent use will be considered for the Guidebook

Guidebook improvement discussion Key sectors: Solvent & product use Wood combustion Power plants – use of Eurelectric data? Focus on heavy metals and POPs since they are not well covered by the current Guidebook Assessing accuracy improvement when using higher Tier methods Uncertainties associated with different measurement techniques for PM (recent EGTEI report on this topic)