Bell Ringer-“Do Now” Write five sentences to describe yourself. Ex.: I am 300 centimeters tall.

Review Bell Ringer-“Do Now” Write 5 sentences to describe yourself. Ex.: I am 300 centimeters tall. I have brown hair. I have brown eyes. I have two brothers and one sister. I have one daughter.

Bell Ringer/Do Now-Discussion Each group member will share an observation. Group #1, Member A will share an observation. Then Group #2, Member A will share another observation. Go around to each group’s Member A Member A can be based on hair length-person with the longest hair or just choose a chair and get everyone who sits in that chair. Discuss similarities and differences- Some have #’s and some have words to describe Also know as… Qualitative and Quantitative

Activity-Pop the Balloon Materials: Goggles Balloons Worksheet Objective: Pop the balloon Make observations-three quantitative and three qualitative Come up with three testable questions that are based on your observations. Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported

Balloon Inquiry Activity Worksheet Alternative for Projection

Quantitative Observations-should have numbers Balloon Inquiry Activity Task:blow up and pop a balloon. Then make observations and come up with testable questions as a result of your observations. Complete the following on your own sheet of paper. Quantitative Observations-should have numbers Qualitative Observations-should have words/descriptions 1. 2. 3. Leave space for more observations after your group discussion 1. 2. 3. Testable Questions: 1. 2. 3. Next-When you have completed the above share your work with your group. You can add to yours above After you share with your group we are going to share with the class. You can add more now if you like as well.

Balloon Inquiry Activity-Discussion A member from each group will share an observation. Then, a member from another group will answer the question: “Is this an observation? What type of observation is it?” based on the observation that was just shared. The student who shared the observation will state whether or not the student who answered the question is correct Circulate so that a member from every group has a chance to share an observation and answer a follow-up question. Each group member will then share a testable question . I suggest using a methodology to circulate through the students so that every one has a chance to talk, such as using a revolving hot seat that group members switch off in. Also see the example scenario in Formative Assessment, Student-Driven Discussion: Whole Group/Class

Identifying Variables Photo by: K. Pagan Goal: Identify independent and dependent variables in an experiment.

Types of Variables There are two main types of variables: Independent (Test) Variable: The variable that is changed/tested by the scientist; the ‘I change’ variable. Dependent (Outcome) Variable: The variable that changes because of what the scientist changes; ”Data” quantitative and qualitative observations and data.

Let’s see it-Apply what we learned Your testable question can TELL you what your variables are! Ex. If Ame drinks coffee before bed, then she will not sleep very much. Independent Variable (Test): drinking coffee Dependent Variable(Outcome): the amount of sleep

Now read the following experiment, what is the testable question and identify the independent and dependent variables Julia wanted to test if temperature affected how fast milk goes bad and curdles. She left milk at room temperature, a fridge, and a garage in the summer in Florida. She then measured the amount of bacteria in the milk after 10 days. Testable Question: ______________________ Independent (Test) Variable (IV): ______________________ Dependent (Outcome) Variable (IV): _____________________ Independent Variable: location temperature Dependent Variable: souring of milk and curdle

Group 1 -Practice Use this testable question to identify the variables: Does the amount of time the lights remain on in my house affect the price of my electric bill? Independent (Test) Variable: __________________ Dependent (Outcome) Variable: _______________ Independent Variable: time lights are on Dependent Variable: price of electric bill

Group 2- Practice If I brush my cat for more hours, will the mass of cat fur on the furniture be reduced? Independent (Test) Variable: ______________________ Dependent (Outcome) Variable: _____________________ Independent Variable: number of hours brushing cat Dependent Variable: mass of fur on furniture

Group 3 -Practice If you increase the number of vegetables you eat, then you will increase your health attend fewer doctor’s visits per year. Independent (Test) Variable (IV): _____________ Dependent (Outcome) Variable (IV): __________ Independent Variable: number of vegetables consumed Dependent Variable: health/doctors visits

Group 4 -Practice If you increase the volume of milk you drink, will you increase your bone density? Independent (Test) Variable (IV): _____________ Dependent (Outcome) Variable (IV): __________ Independent Variable: volume of milk consumed Dependent Variable: bone density

Group 5 -Practice How does the amount of precipitation affect the number of green leaves present on a tree? Independent (Test) Variable (IV): _____________ Dependent (Outcome) Variable (IV): __________ This scientific study is an observation and not an experiment Distinguish between an experiment (which must involve the identification and control of variables) and other forms of scientific investigation and explain that not all scientific knowledge is derived from experimentation.

The previous slide was an example of a a scientific study that is NOT derived from experimentation. Goal: Distinguish between an experiment (which must involve the identification and control of variables) and other forms of scientific investigation such as observation and explain that not all scientific knowledge is derived from experimentation. Another example: How does the number of friends on a social media affect GPA?

Group 6 -Practice Will an increase in the number of hours you spend in practice increase the number of free throw shots you will make? Independent (Test) Variable (IV): _____________ Dependent (Outcome) Variable (IV): __________ Independent Variable: amount of hours spent practicing Dependent Variable: number of free throw shots

Group 5 -Practice If you increase the amount of blood in the water, then will you increase the number of sharks in a 1 mile radius? Independent (Test) Variable: _____________ Dependent (Outcome) Variable: __________ Independent Variable: amount of blood in water Dependent Variable: number of sharks

Now that you know about variables: Design your own experiment using your experience with popping the balloon What is your Question? What is your Testable Question/Hypothesis? What measurements are you making? What tool(s), if any tool. What is your Independent (test) Variable? What is your Dependent (test) Variable?

Design a Balloon Experiment Worksheet Alternative for Projection

Your Design 1. Testable Question 2. Measurement/Tool(s) 3. Independent (Test) variable: 4. Dependent (Outcome) Variable

Design a Balloon Experiment-Discussion Each group member will share a testable question. Students will should alternate identifying peers’ independent and dependent variables and confirming whether questions are testable Discuss: -Is the question testable? -How can it be tested? Tools? Units? (remember scientists use metrics) -Are the variables properly identified? -Revisit the I is what I change and D is data.

Next Slide is the Summative Assessment

Ticket to Leave Read about these two experiments then write a testable question and identify the different variables, independent and dependent. 1.  A scientists is testing to see if there is a connection between how long you run and how fast your heart beats. A person will run for 1 minute and then check their heart rate. Then they will run for 2 minutes and check their heart rate. Repeat this up to 6 minutes and see if there is a connection. What is a possible hypothesis? What are the variables? A. Testable Questions:__________________________________________________________________________   B. Independent (Test) Variable: ________________________________________________ C. Dependent (Outcome) Variable: _________________________________________________ 2. A scientist is testing to see if the pH level of the soil has any effect on the plant height.  She changes the soil pH to low and high for different plants. What is a possible testable question? What are the variables?   B. Independent (Test) variable: ________________________________________________ 1. A. Testable Question/Hypothesis: If you run for a longer amount of time then your heart rate will increase.   B. Independent (Test) Variable: Amount of time running C. Dependent (Outcome) Variable: Heart rate 2. A. Testable Question/Hypothesis: What effect does the pH of soil have on plant growth? B. Independent (Test) Variable: pH level of soil C. Dependent (Outcome) Variable: Height of plant (in metric)