BY: DR. NAUSHAD PERVEZ

 Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)

 What Kidneys Do?  Filter waste from blood  Remove excess fluid  Adjust the levels of minerals and chemicals  Produce hormones regulating blood pressure and other body functions Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)

 Causes of Kidney Disease Diabetes:  Well controlled blood sugar will slow the progression to a kidney disease Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Category of a Person Minimal Fasting Value Maximum Fasting Value 2 hours after consuming glucose Normal70100Less than 140 Early Diabetes to 200 Established Diabetes More than 126-More than 200

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 Causes of Kidney Disease Cont.  High Blood Pressure (Hypertension):  Damages the blood vessels and reduces the blood supply to the kidneys. Proper control can slow the progression to kidney disease Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)

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 Top number (systolic) in mm Hg Bottom number (diastolic) in mm Hg Your category*What to do** Below 120andBelow 80 Normal blood pressure Maintain or adopt a healthy lifestyle or80-89Prehypertension Maintain or adopt a healthy lifestyle or90-99Stage 1 hypertension Maintain or adopt a healthy lifestyle. If blood pressure goal isn't reached in about six months, talk to your doctor about taking one or more medications. 160 or moreor100 or moreStage 2 hypertension Maintain or adopt a healthy lifestyle. Talk to your doctor about taking more than one medication. blood pressure control

 Causes of Kidney Disease Cont.  Glomerulonephritis  Nephrotic Syndrome  Polycystic Kidney Disease  Systemic Lupus Erythematotsus  Kidney Infections  Kidney Stones  Prostate Obstruction  Illegal Drugs and Alcohol  Excessive Use of OTC (over the counter) Medication Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)

 Signs and Symptoms Of Kidney Disease  Initially NO SYMPTOMS  Cloudy of Foamy urine (reddish or brown in color)  Fatigue and Weakness  Decreased appetite  Swelling of Legs and Puffiness of eyelids  Metallic taste in the mouth  Shortness of breath Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)

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 Complications of Kidney Disease  Increased Heart Attacks  Increased Strokes  Increased Infections  Weak Bones  Anemia  Dialysis  Death Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)

 Stages of CKD Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) STAGESDESCRIPTIONGFR 1 Kidney Damage (e.g. protein in the urine) and Normal Kidney Function Above 90 2 Kidney Damage And Mild Loss of Kidney Function 60 to 89 3 Moderate Loss of Kidney Function 30 to 59 4 Severe Loss of Kidney Function 15 to 29 5 Kidney Failure Below 15

 Know Your Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)  GFR is a calculation of your kidney function  GFR can be calculated from the results of a simple blood test considering factors such as age, race and gender  If you have Diabetes, High Blood Pressure, a Family History of Kidney Disease, or any other risk factor, ask your doctor about having tests done for GFR Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)

 Prevention  Maintain a healthy weight  Check cholesterol at least yearly – must be less than 199  Check Blood Sugar at least once a day – must be controlled at before meals  Check HgA1C (if a diabetic) quarterly – must be less than 6.2  Check your Creatinine – normal 0.6 – 1.2  Ask your physician to check your urine for protein  Good blood pressure control (120/70) through proper diet and exercise. Take blood pressure medications as prescribed by your physician  Avoid Arthritis medications  Avoid smoking  Maintain a yearly physical Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)

 Facts About Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)  20 million Americans – 1 in 9 US adults have CKD and another 20 million more are at increased risk  Early detection can help prevent the progression of kidney disease to kidney failure  Heart disease is the major cause of death for all people with CKD  Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is the best estimate of kidney function  Hypertension causes CKD and CKD causes hypertension Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)

 Facts About Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Cont.  Persistent proteinuria means CKD  High-risk groups include those with diabetes, hypertension and family history of kidney disease  African American, Hispanics, Pacific Islanders, Native American and seniors are at an increased risk  Three simple tests can detect CKD: 1.Blood Pressure 2.Urine Albumin 3.Serum Creatinine Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)

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