Chapter 4 Job Analysis and Job Design Job versus Positions Job Analysis Data Sources and Data-Collection Methods Job Analysis and HR Legal Aspects of Job Specifications The Changing Environmental Job Design Copyright 2011 Health Administration Press

Copyright 2011 Health Administration Press Job Analysis Cornerstone of SHRM The process of obtaining information about jobs by determining the job’s duties, tasks, and activities Foundation of job description and job specifications Job description: summary of tasks, duties, and responsibilities Job specification: personal qualifications required to perform the above duties and responsibilities Copyright 2011 Health Administration Press

Data Sources and Methods Data sources include the job analyst, the employee, and the supervisor Methods of data collection: observation, interview, questionnaire, job performance, employee diary, technical conference, competency model, and the Occupational Information Network Copyright 2011 Health Administration Press

Copyright 2011 Health Administration Press Job Analysis and HR Job analysis is the foundation for all HR activities. Identify necessary skills and job relatedness for recruitment and retention. Determine the relative worth of jobs. Determine training. Assess relevant job functions for performance appraisal. Legal basis and defense for managing HR functions. Copyright 2011 Health Administration Press

The Changing Environment Future-oriented job analysis Competency-based job analysis General job analysis Flexible and complex jobs require broader capabilities (i.e., intelligence, adaptability, and teamwork). Copyright 2011 Health Administration Press

Copyright 2011 Health Administration Press Job Design The process of structuring jobs to enhance efficiency and job satisfaction Increased job specialization in healthcare Job enlargement: increasing the scope of jobs to provide greater variety (horizontal expansion) Job enrichment: increasing autonomy and responsibility (vertical expansion) Employee empowerment: allowing decisions to be made by those closest to the work Work group redesign: different team structures Copyright 2011 Health Administration Press

Work Schedule Redesign Compressed workweek and reduction in the number of workdays while increasing the hours worked per day Flextime: flexible employee starting and ending times Job sharing: two part-time employees sharing one full-time job Telecommuting: performing work away from the office through the use of technology Contingent workers: independently contracted and on-call workers Copyright 2011 Health Administration Press