✚ ✚ Body Defense: Mucous Location: lining of respiratory system Presence: some mucous is always present, more is produced at specific times Specific/Non-specific: non-specific, but often contains antibodies General Info: material lines areas that are exposed to external environment and organs Body Defense: Mucous Location: lining of respiratory system Presence: some mucous is always present, more is produced at specific times Specific/Non-specific: non-specific, but often contains antibodies General Info: material lines areas that are exposed to external environment and organs

✚ ✚ Body Defense: Saliva Location: lining of mouth and esophagus Presence: some saliva is always present, more is produced at specific times Specific/Non-specific: non-specific, but often contains antibodies General Info: material lines areas that are exposed to external environment and organs Body Defense: Saliva Location: lining of mouth and esophagus Presence: some saliva is always present, more is produced at specific times Specific/Non-specific: non-specific, but often contains antibodies General Info: material lines areas that are exposed to external environment and organs

✚ ✚ Body Defense: Defensins Location: internal (bloodstream) Presence: always present Specific/Non-specific: non-specific General Info: defensins are proteins that active against bacteria, fungi and both enveloped and non-enveloped viruses, found in epithelial cells Body Defense: Defensins Location: internal (bloodstream) Presence: always present Specific/Non-specific: non-specific General Info: defensins are proteins that active against bacteria, fungi and both enveloped and non-enveloped viruses, found in epithelial cells

✚ Body Defense: Skin Location: external Presence: always present, compromised when punctured or injured Specific/Non-specific: non-specific General Info: largest organ in the body, part of the integumentary system, protects against pathogens. ✚ Body Defense: Skin Location: external Presence: always present, compromised when punctured or injured Specific/Non-specific: non-specific General Info: largest organ in the body, part of the integumentary system, protects against pathogens.

✚ Body Defense: Tears Location: external Presence: produced at specific times Specific/Non-specific: non- specific. General Info: tear fluid contains water proteins, lipids, enzymes, immunoglobulins that aid in immune defense ✚ Body Defense: Tears Location: external Presence: produced at specific times Specific/Non-specific: non- General Info: tear fluid contains water proteins, lipids, enzymes, immunoglobulins that aid in immune defense

✚ ✚ Body Defense: Complement Location: internal (bloodstream) Presence: innate (present all the time) Specific/Non-specific: non-specific General Info: 25 Proteins and protein fragments make up the compliment system. They punch hole in the membranes of bacterial invaders. Body Defense: Complement Location: internal (bloodstream) Presence: innate (present all the time) Specific/Non-specific: non-specific General Info: 25 Proteins and protein fragments make up the compliment system. They punch hole in the membranes of bacterial invaders.

✚ ✚ Body Defense: Macrophages Location: Circulatory System Presence: innate (present all the time) Specific/Non-specific: non-specific General Info: protect the body by ingesting foreign particles, dead cells, most bacteria and viruses Body Defense: Macrophages Location: Circulatory System Presence: innate (present all the time) Specific/Non-specific: non-specific General Info: protect the body by ingesting foreign particles, dead cells, most bacteria and viruses

✚ ✚ Body Defense: B-cells (a type of white blood cell) Location: internal (bloodstream) Presence: present all the time after you have been exposed to the pathogen Specific/Non-specific: specific General Info: B cells make antibodies provide and memory against past infections. Very effective against bacteria and viruses that phagocytes can’t deal with. Body Defense: B-cells (a type of white blood cell) Location: internal (bloodstream) Presence: present all the time after you have been exposed to the pathogen Specific/Non-specific: specific General Info: B cells make antibodies provide and memory against past infections. Very effective against bacteria and viruses that phagocytes can’t deal with.

✚ Body Defense: Intestinal Epithelial Tissue Location: digestive System Presence: always present Specific/Non-specific: non-specific General Info: this type of tissue lines the intestines, provides barrier and recognizes pathogens ✚ Body Defense: Intestinal Epithelial Tissue Location: digestive System Presence: always present Specific/Non-specific: non-specific General Info: this type of tissue lines the intestines, provides barrier and recognizes pathogens

✚ ✚ Body Defense: Macrophage (A type of white blood cell) Location: bloodstream Presence: always present Specific/Non-specific: non-specific General Info: rid the body of worn-out cells, produce proteins and enzymes and digests pathogens Body Defense: Macrophage (A type of white blood cell) Location: bloodstream Presence: always present Specific/Non-specific: non-specific General Info: rid the body of worn-out cells, produce proteins and enzymes and digests pathogens

✚ ✚ Body Defense: T-cells (a type of white blood cells) Location: internal (bloodstream) Presence: present all the time after you have been exposed to the pathogen Specific/Non-specific: specific General Info: there are many types of T-cells. Some help B cells make antibodies, some provide memory against past infections. Very effective against viruses, also help against fungi and bacteria. Body Defense: T-cells (white blood cells) Location: internal (bloodstream) Presence: present all the time after you have been exposed to the pathogen Specific/Non-specific: specific General Info: there are many types of T-cells. Some help B cells make antibodies, some provide memory against past infections. Very effective against viruses, also help against fungi and bacteria.

✚ ✚ Body Defense: Stomach acid Location: internal (stomach) Presence: always present Specific/Non-specific: non-specific General Info: secreted by the stomach, contains hydrochloric acid and enzymes used to break down proteins, kills microbes in food Body Defense: stomach acid Location: internal (stomach) Presence: always present Specific/Non-specific: non-specific General Info: secreted by the stomach, contains hydrochloric acid and enzymes used to break down proteins, kills microbes in food

✚ ✚ Body Defense: Competing flora Location: on all non sterile parts of the body Presence: all the time Specific/Non-specific: non specific General Info: These commensal bacterial act as another barrier to pathogenic microbes. Body Defense: Competing flora Location: on all non sterile parts of the body Presence: all the time Specific/Non-specific: non specific General Info: These commensal bacterial act as another barrier to pathogenic microbes.

✚ ✚ Body Defense: Antibiotics Location: effective anywhere in the body Specific/Nonspecific: non specific General Info: An antibiotic is a substance that kills or slows down the growth of bacteria. War Game Play: This card may only be played once. If this card is played against an appropriate pathogen, the immune system wins, unless the disease team can win two consecutive coin tosses. Body Defense: Antibiotics Location: effective anywhere in the body Specific/Nonspecific: non specific General Info: An antibiotic is a substance that kills or slows down the growth of bacteria. War Game Play: This card may only be played once. If this card is played against an appropriate pathogen, the immune system wins, unless the disease team can win two consecutive coin tosses.