LIGHTING A GREEN DORM Taylor Ellis Bragg Syed Muhasin Sayeed Steven Michael Scardato Gregory Ter-Zakhariants

Introduction The costs of wasting energy Our project, why we are doing it, and how we went about it

How much electricity does lighting use? Total Electricity: 10,656 kWh per year per household, 1.1 trillion kWh for the country for residential lighting 9.1 percent of electricity to lighting billion kWh for the nation.

How much does this cost? 8.3 cents per kWh 9.2 billion dollars nationally for residential lighting alone One 60-watt light bulb on for an hour, is 0.06 kWh (60/1000) One 20-watt light bulb on for an hour is 0.02 kWh For Stanford university room, 2x60 watt incandescent light-bulbs run for 3 hours a day + 4x20 watt ceiling fluorescent bulbs for 10 hours a day= kwH/day=423.4 kwH/year 423.4*.083=$35 per year For entire freshman class, about $60,000 Source:

Powering a 100 watt lightbulb, for a year: 740 lbs coal 5 lbs. SO x (source of acid rain) 5 lbs. NO x (source of acid rain, smog) 1,852 lbs. CO x (greenhouse gas) Source:

Our Project: An Overview Lighting: An easy way to address energy consumption Numerous approaches to the problem Our focus: Light, Power, Power Management, Light Direction

Lighting: A bright, efficient future Why LED's Current Technology Future Technology

Why LED's Benefits - –Life Span –Durability –Maintenance –Flexibility

What is an LED? A solid state light source that uses an electrical signal run across a semiconductor

Current Technology Very attractive options for certain situations –Traffic Lights –Car Lights Not yet feasible everyday light replacements –No market = high cost and low production There is a lot of research being conducted in LED technology because of its potential

Future Technology Most promising lighting technology Cost Reducing –50% reduction on energy used for lighting –10% worldwide total energy reduction Environmentally Friendly

Power: Plugging in to green energy Sunny Day  1000 W/m 2 Photovoltaic (PV) module: Solar Cells –Single crystal silicon –Polycrystalline silicon –Others Source: A: Glass CoverD: N-type Silicon B: Antireflective coating E: P-type Silicon C: Contact GridF: Back Contact

Storing the Energy Deep Cycle Batteries Utility Grid –Inverter: DC  AC Expensive: $9 per Watt –prices expected to decrease in the future Source:

Relevant Projects BJ’s Wholesale Club –12K sq. ft., x4ft. Panels, 52-kW –Saved $1M, 12M kW-hr/yr Synergy House –7.5 kW –$77,816 –Saves 11,164 kW-hr/yr, $1,987/yr Sources:

Power Management: Switching it up…for the better! Cutting down on unnecessary power consumption Three main lighted areas in any dorm… Dorm Room, Hallway, and Lounge area.

Power Management – Dorm Room Keep manual light switches Possible Improvements “Dimmer” switches  $20-30 Power Management workshops Source: AVIGATION&CNTKEY=pg_index.jsp&m=

Power Management – Hallway Hallways aren’t commonly used during certain hours of the day Timers  $40-50 Motion Sensors  $20-60 Source:

Power Management – Lounge During the day  Plenty of natural light Big Windows “Photosensors”  $40-60 Source:

Lighting Direction: Putting Lighting in its place Individual Needs If the dorm doesn’t meet these with efficient lighting, students will be forced to meet them on their own Inefficient solutions

Three Choices: One overhead light Desk lamps All-included system

Our Solution: Include High Efficiency Desk Lamps Higher initial purchase costs Reduce student costs Decrease energy consumption

Conclusion: Lighting The Dorm of the Future Lighting Power Power Management Lighting Direction