4 August 2015 RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI CCNA Discovery Curriculum Review Networking for Home and Small Businesses Chapter 4: Connecting to the Internet Through an ISP

4 August 2015 RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI Disclaimer  This review is not a comprehensive learning model of the curriculum!  It is intended for chapter pre-exam prep, or post exam review.  Using this presentation as your sole source of teaching or learning will not provide all the information you need to be successful in the Cisco Networking Academy.  All materials, images, text, and content unless noted remains the licensed property of the Cisco Networking Academy.  Please report all errors as soon as possible to:

4 August 2015 RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI Objectives  Explain “what is the Internet?” and how we connect to the Internet using an ISP  Explain how information is sent across the Internet through an ISP.  Describe and identify the components of an ISP Network Operations Center.  Identify the different types of cables and connectors for connecting the devices in a Network Operations Center.  Construct and terminate twisted pair cables and determine type of cable needed

4 August 2015 RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI ICG: Section 4.1

4 August 2015 RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI The Internet and How We Connect to It  The Internet is a network of networks that connects users in every country in the world.  There are currently over one billion Internet users

4 August 2015 RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI The Internet and How We Connect to It  An ISP is a company that provides the connections and support to access the Internet.  Point of Presence (POP) is the connection point between the ISP's network to a local LAN

4 August 2015 RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI The Internet and How We Connect to It  Internet Backbone  Very high-speed data links that interconnect ISP POPs and ISPs to each other.  These interconnections are part of the very large, high capacity network

4 August 2015 RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI The Internet and How We Connect to It  Integrated Services Router  Router, switch, wireless access point in one package

4 August 2015 RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI The Internet and How We Connect to It  ISP Services  Home Service - slower connection speed, reduced web space storage, and fewer accounts.  Business Class Service - more expensive, provides faster connection speeds, additional web space, and additional accounts

4 August 2015 RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI The Internet and How We Connect to It  Asymmetric:  Most commonly used for the home.  Download speeds are faster than upload speeds.

4 August 2015 RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI ISP Levels of Service  Symmetric:  Commonly used for business or individuals hosting servers on the Internet.  It can carry large amounts of data in both directions at equal rates.

4 August 2015 RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI ICG: Section 4.2

4 August 2015 RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI Sending Information Across the Internet  For hosts to communicate on the Internet, they must be running Internet Protocol (IP) software  Network connection (wired or wireless)  IP Address  ISP connectivity

4 August 2015 RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI Sending Information Across the Internet  The IP Packet  Has a header at the beginning containing the source and destination IP addresses.  Also contains control information that describes the packet to network devices, such as routers

4 August 2015 RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI Sending Information Across the Internet  HOP  Each router a packet travels through from source to destination.

4 August 2015 RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI Sending Information Across the Internet  Traceroute  Traces the route from source to destination.  Displays each hop along the way and the time it takes for each one

4 August 2015 RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI ICG: Section 4.3

4 August 2015 RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI Sending Information Across the Internet  Internet cloud  Used to represent the Internet or any other complex network, without showing the details of the connections.

4 August 2015 RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI Sending Information Across the Internet  Routers are not the only devices found in the Internet cloud

4 August 2015 RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI Networking Devices in a NOC  Physical requirements of a home network versus an ISP

4 August 2015 RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI ICG: Section 4.4

4 August 2015 RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI Networking Devices in a NOC  There are two kinds of physical cable  Metal (copper) using electrical signals  Fiber using light signals.

4 August 2015 RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI Networking Devices in a NOC  Twisted Pair  UTP most common in homes and schools  All Categories of data grade UTP cable are terminated into an RJ-45 connector.

4 August 2015 RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI Networking Devices in a NOC

4 August 2015 RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI Types of Cables and Connectors Used in Networking

4 August 2015 RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI ICG: Section 4.5

4 August 2015 RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI Working with Twisted Pair Cabling  Cabling standards ensure reliable data transmissions  Cable lengths  Connector types  Pinouts

4 August 2015 RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI Working with Twisted Pair Cabling 4.5.2

4 August 2015 RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI Working with Twisted Pair Cabling 4.5.2,3  UTP Terminations

4 August 2015 RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI Working with Twisted Pair Cabling  Patch panels and cables allow quick rearrangement of network connections

4 August 2015 RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI Construct and Terminate Twisted Pair Cables  Common Cable testing devices

4 August 2015 RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI Working with Twisted Pair Cabling 4.5.3,6  UTP signal degradation cause by cable distance, low quality cables, and poor terminations.  Attenuation – drop in signal strength over distance  Crosstalk – adjacent wire noise

4 August 2015 RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI Working with Twisted Pair Cabling 4.5.4,6  Cable management  Prevents cable damage  Isolates problems

4 August 2015 RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI Summary  The Internet is a worldwide collection of computer networks, accessed through ISPs.  Internet Protocol (IP) controls the structure and addressing of data packets for transport through the Internet cloud.  ISP Network Operations Centers (NOCs) utilize high-end, high-speed devices with redundancy.  Home networks feature multi-function devices which perform switching and routing.  Networks use physical cabling media which must conform to standards in construction and termination.  Cabling best practices are designed to reduce attenuation and crosstalk.

4 August 2015 RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI