1. MCHS The Internet and Its Uses Working at a Small-to-Medium Business or ISP – Chapter 1

2. ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 2 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Key Vocabulary  Construct a sentence using each of the following key vocabulary terms.  Internet  Standard  ISP-what does it stand for and what does it do?  POP  DSL  Bandwidth  IPX  ICMP  Scalability  NOC  Help Desk  11 vocabulary terms, 30 minutes to complete = 50 point grade.

3. ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 3 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Internet  The Internet is a worldwide, publicly accessible network of networks. It enables individuals and businesses alike, through interconnected computer networks, to share information, resources, and services.  Why was the Internet ever developed??? It is hard for most to imagine but it was for research, not games, chatting, e-mail or shopping.

4. ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 4 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Internet in Business  E-commerce – business over the web – online shopping, Ebay, etc.  Communication – email, IM, VoIP  Collaboration & Training – document sharing – remote work environment

5. ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 5 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Activity  Go to page 1.1.2.2 and complete the ISP activity. Make sure to compare and read what each ISP offers before making your selection.

6. ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 6 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Standards and the Internet  Standards – set of rules how something must be done – makes it possible for different devices to send information over the Internet  RFC (Request for Comments) –to document the development and approval of an Internet standard

7. ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 7 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public ISP Services  ISP’s Generally offer the following services:  Equipment co-location – store equipment at the ISP because of security, Internet speed and constant power  Web hosting – store one or multiple web pages  FTP hosting – store files for others to access  VoIP – offer telephone services through the Internet  Tech support – Assistance to users

8. ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 8 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Internet Connectivity Options  Bandwidth (Speed) is measured in bits per second  Dial-up –Inexpensive –Uses phone with a modem –Slowest connection (56kbps)  Cable –Offered by cable TV –Cable modem separates signals –Faster connection (512 kbps)  Satellite –128 – 512 kbps depending on service

9. ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 9 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Internet Connectivity Options  DSL (Digital Subscriber Line) –More expensive than dial up –Faster connectivity –Uses phone line with continuous connection –DSL modem separates signals  ADSL (Asymmetric) –Suitable for the home user –Download speed faster than upload  SDSL (Symmetric) –Suitable for small-to-medium business –Upload and download speeds the same

10. ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 10 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Bandwidth Connections – For Medium To Large Businesses  T1 – can transmit up to 1.544 Mbps – symmetrical – E1 (European) can transmit at 2.048 Mbps  T3 – can transmit up to 45 Mbps – used for larger businesses with more employees – E3 (European) can transmit at 34.368 Mbps  MetroEthernet – used by large companies with many branches in the same city – can transmit up to 10 Gbps

11. ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 11 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Internet Hierarchy  POP is the point that individuals and small businesses connect directly to the ISP network to obtain Internet access  Internet Backbone is connected through one of the following: – IXP (Internet Exchange Point) or – NAP (Network Access Point)  Over 100 points worldwide  Fiber used to connect the Internet backbone – also can run under the sea

12. ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 12 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public ISP Tiers  Tier 1 –Huge organizations that connect with each other –Span several continents- from the global Internet backbone  Tier 2 –Pay Tier 1 to carry traffic across continents  Tier 3 –Most major cities –Provides customer with local Internet access –Pays Tiers 1 & 2 for their services

13. ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 13 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Tools To Map The Internet  Ping- tests the accessibility of a specific IP address. The ping command sends an ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) echo request packet to the destination address and then waits for an echo reply packet to return from that host.  Pings reveal two things to the user 1) The time it takes to get from point A to point B and 2) If the destination is reachable.  Pings may work on one request and then may fail on the next because of connectivity issues.  Traceroute- displays the path that a packet takes from the source to the destination host. Helps determine the location of network problems and identifies routers that packets travel across

14. ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 14 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Packet Tracer Activity  Open up Packet Tracer and complete the activity from page 1.2.3.4 using Ping and Traceroute.

15. ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 15 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Devices Used for ISPs to Communicate  Access Devices  DSLAM (DSL Access Multiplexer)  CMTS (Cable Modem Termination System)  Modems  Border Gateway Routers  Enable ISP to connect to another ISP  Servers

16. ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 16 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public ISP’s Are A Business  Just like any business an ISP wants to grow. In order to grow the ISP and its equipment must be scalable.  Scalability is the capacity of a network to allow for future change and growth. In order to accommodate network growth the equipment needs a high level of modularity which means equipment can be expended very easily.

17. ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 17 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Packet Tracer Activity  Complete the Packet Tracer Activity from page 1.3.1.3 that will identify the equipment needed to help an ISP meet the needs of a customer.

18. ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 18 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public ISP Support Service Teams  Customer Service- first line of communication  Planning & Provisioning  helps determine whether customer needs new or can use existing hardware  On-site  which equipment needs to be installed & installs it  NOC (Network Operating Center)  monitors and tests network connectivity  Help Desk  notifies customer when circuit is ready for operation & offers assistance over the phone or through other resources

19. ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 19 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Activity  On page 1.3.2.3 identify what the role each of the teams within the ISP Service Support Team Plays.

20. ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 20 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public Summary  Businesses use the Internet for e-commerce, communications, collaboration, and training.  Internetworking standards ensure that all devices connecting to the Internet use the same set of rules.  All Internet connections are made through an Internet Service Provider (ISP).  Multiple ISPs join together at an Internet Exchange Point (IXP) to gain access to each other’s networks.  ISPs must provide a reliable and scalable network.  ISP organizations are composed of many teams offering a range of support services.

21. ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 21 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public ISP Flyer Design  Create a one page/poster/construction paper flyer that highlights a newly established ISP. You are the creator of the new ISP and the name is left up to you. On your flyer outline how your ISP support team will function make sure to include all five parts of the team somewhere on your flyer. Highlight the services that your ISP will offer such as web hosting, DSL services, etc and the estimated cost.  **Remember this flyer is to introduce your company, its structure, services offered and costs. The flyer will appear in the local newspaper in an attempt to attract new customers.**