OCEAN ZONES Chapter 13 Section 2 Ocean Zones Chapter 13 Section 3

Marine Biomes Marine Biomes are biomes of salty water. We know more about the moon than we do the ocean. Saltwater contains 3% salt The marine biome covers three fourths of the earth.

Benthic Environment- on the bottom from shore to deep ocean Intertidal Zone- where the ocean meets the land Sublittoral Zone- covers the continental shelf Bathyl Zone- zone that covers the continental slope Abyssal Zone- largest zone,2000-6000 meters deep Hadal Zone- 6000 meters to the deepest ocean trench

Intertidal zone Shoreline, in the tide Animals adapted to water and dry land Receives the most sunlight Clams, mussels, starfish, crabs, anemones, sponges

Sublittoral Zone Covers the continental shelf Sunlight, pressure and temperature constant Coral reefs are found here. They are considered the rainforest of the sea due to the great Diversity of life found There.

The Florida Keys are the exposed portions of an ancient coral reef .

Bathyl Zone Edge of continental shelf, along slope, to abyssal plain 200 to 4000 meters Little sunlight Sea stars, clams and oysters found here. As the depth of the water starts to increase the water temperature decreases.

Abyssal Zone No plants and very few animals Largest ecological zone Can reach 4000 meters Crabs, sponges, worms and sea cucumbers, Many animals live around hot water vents called hydrothermal vents or black smokers. Animals have to adapt to extreme pressure.

Black Smokers/Hydrothermal Vents

Hadal Zone Deepest zone 6000-7000 meters deep Sponge, clam and worms Fewest amount of animals Animals here also Have to adapt to Intense pressure.

The Pelagic Environment- water in the ocean and what lives in the water Neritic zone- water that covers the continental shelf Oceanic zone- rest of water in the ocean

The rest of the water in the ocean NERITIC OCEANIC Covers the continental shelf

Neritic Zone Warm,shallow Much sunlight Most marine organisms, plants and animals Fish, plankton, mammals Whales, dolphins

Oceanic Zone Covers the ocean floor beyond the continental shelf Deep regions very cold, no sunlight Fewer organisms Pressure greater

3 Groups of Marine Life Plankton Nekton Benthos

Plankton Plankton are tiny open-water plants, animals or bacteria. These organisms range in size from microscopic bacteria and plants to larger animals, such as jellyfish. Plankton generally have limited or no swimming ability and are transported through the water by currents and tides. Plankton communities serve as a base for the food chain.

Nekton Animals that swim or move freely in the ocean are nekton. Nekton come in all shapes and sizes. They live in shallow and deep ocean waters. Most nekton eat zooplankton, other nektons or they scavenge for waste

Benthos The benthos live on the ocean floor. Starfish, oysters, clams, sea cucumbers, brittlestars and anemone are all benthos. Most benthos feed on food as it floats by or scavenge for food on the ocean floor.

_____shoreline, in the tide _____200-4000 meters Match the letter to the correct fact: A. Intertidal Zone B. Sublittoral Zone C. Bathyl Zone D. Abyssal Zone E. Hadal Zone _____Deepest Zone _____6000-7000 meters deep _____shoreline, in the tide _____200-4000 meters _____largest ecological zone _____covers the continental shelf _____Receives the most sunlight _____Deepest ocean trench _____Fewest animals _____No plants, few animals _____black smokers found here _____animals adapted to water and land _____crabs, shrimp, clams, starfish _____animals live around black smokers _____warmest water _____Sunlight, temperature and pressure constant _____coral found here _____Found at the edge of the continental shelf, along slope to the abyssal plain